Skip to main content

LUP Student Papers

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Dispositiv entreprenadrätt i ljuset av nordisk rättsgemenskap - Om utfyllning av entreprenadavtal efter NJA 2018 s. 653

Lassing, Filip LU (2021) JURM02 20211
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Entreprenadavtalet är en oreglerad avtalstyp. Enligt den tolkningsmetod som tillämpas på de standardavtal som reglerar majoriteten av kommersiella entreprenadavtal kan tolkningen av oklara villkor göras i ljuset av dispositiv rätt. Frågan är hur innehållet i den dispositiva entreprenadrätten ska fastställas. I NJA 2018 s. 653 valde HD att härleda en dispositiv entreprenadrättslig regel med stöd av danska och norska entreprenadrättsliga källor. Metoden vann enligt domstolen stöd av den nordiska rättsgemenskapen. Syftet med uppsatsen är att, med utgångspunkt i HD:s tillvägagångssätt i domen, utreda under vilka förutsättningar innehållet i svensk dispositiv entreprenadrätt kan härledas med ledning i reglerna i det norska standardavtalet för... (More)
Entreprenadavtalet är en oreglerad avtalstyp. Enligt den tolkningsmetod som tillämpas på de standardavtal som reglerar majoriteten av kommersiella entreprenadavtal kan tolkningen av oklara villkor göras i ljuset av dispositiv rätt. Frågan är hur innehållet i den dispositiva entreprenadrätten ska fastställas. I NJA 2018 s. 653 valde HD att härleda en dispositiv entreprenadrättslig regel med stöd av danska och norska entreprenadrättsliga källor. Metoden vann enligt domstolen stöd av den nordiska rättsgemenskapen. Syftet med uppsatsen är att, med utgångspunkt i HD:s tillvägagångssätt i domen, utreda under vilka förutsättningar innehållet i svensk dispositiv entreprenadrätt kan härledas med ledning i reglerna i det norska standardavtalet för entreprenader, NS 8405.

Enligt HD ska ledning, vid tolkning av entreprenadavtal i ljuset av dispositiv rätt, i första hand sökas i allmänna obligationsrättsliga principer och i regler för närliggande avtalstyper, där köplagen är av särskilt intresse. Samtidigt ska hänsyn tas till entreprenadavtalets särdrag, och de sätt på vilka entreprenadavtalet skiljer sig från närliggande avtalstyper. I praxis tenderar man att tillmäta köplagen stor betydelse. När köplagen inte gav ledning i NJA 2018 s. 653 valde HD att söka ledning bland annat i reglerna om felavhjälpande i NS 8405.

Det går inte att formulera allmänna kriterier för när dispositiv entreprenadrätt kan härleds ur NS 8405. Däremot förelåg vissa omständigheter i NJA 2018 s. 653 som var av betydelse för att HD skulle beakta reglerna i NS 8405. På grundval av de här omständigheterna utreds i uppsatsen möjligheterna att med ledning i reglerna om avbeställning i NS 8405 härleda en svensk dispositiv entreprenadrättslig regel om avbeställning. Det finns vissa likheter mellan avbeställningsfrågan och omständigheterna i NJA 2018 s. 653, som möjliggör argumentation med hänvisning till NS 8405 gällande frågan om en sådan regel kan vara föremål för några inskränkningar. Samtidigt skiljer sig frågan från den i domen eftersom köplagen också tillhandahåller en lösning. Det aktualiserar frågan om möjligheterna att med hänsyn till entreprenadavtalets särdrag göra avsteg från köplagen till förmån för reglerna i NS 8405.

Gällande den nordiska rättsgemenskapen är det svårt att fastställa hur gemenskapen ger stöd för härledning av rättsregler med stöd av rättskällor i andra nordiska länder. Sådana källor kan framför allt beaktas vid tolkning av lagstiftning som är likalydande i de svenska och utländska rättsordningarna. I NJA 2018 s. 653 tillmätte HD det nordiska rättskällematerialet stor betydelse i jämförelse med hur sådant material har använts i annan praxis. Det finns skäl att vara uppmärksam på de risker som tillvägagångssättet för med sig. De överväganden som ligger till grund för utformningen av villkoren i NS 8405 kan skilja sig från de hänsyn som ska beaktas vid rättsbildningen i praxis. Samtidigt är villkoren framförhandlande mot bakgrund av lagstiftning som i stor utsträckning är likalydande i Sverige och Norge. Rättsutvecklingen på entreprenadrättens område påverkas därmed av lagstiftning som kan ses som ett uttryck för nordisk rättsgemenskap. (Less)
Abstract
The construction contract is an unregulated type of contract. According to the principles of interpretation applied on the standard-form contracts that govern the majority of construction contracts, the interpretation of unclear terms can be made in the light of default law. An important question is how the default rules applicable on construction contracts are to be determined. In NJA 2018 s. 653, the Supreme Court chose to derive such a default rule with the support of Danish and Norwegian construction law. According to the Supreme Court, this method was justified by the Nordic legal community (nordisk rättsgemenskap). The purpose of the essay is, based on the Supreme Court’s approach in NJA 2018 s. 653, to investigate under what... (More)
The construction contract is an unregulated type of contract. According to the principles of interpretation applied on the standard-form contracts that govern the majority of construction contracts, the interpretation of unclear terms can be made in the light of default law. An important question is how the default rules applicable on construction contracts are to be determined. In NJA 2018 s. 653, the Supreme Court chose to derive such a default rule with the support of Danish and Norwegian construction law. According to the Supreme Court, this method was justified by the Nordic legal community (nordisk rättsgemenskap). The purpose of the essay is, based on the Supreme Court’s approach in NJA 2018 s. 653, to investigate under what conditions default construction law can be derived with guidance from the terms in the Norwegian standard form for construction contracts, NS 8405.

According to the Supreme Court, guidance when determining the contents of default construction law should primarily be sought in general principles of contract law and in legislation regulating contract types similar to the construction contract, when interpreting construction contracts in the light of default law. Here, the Sales of Goods Act is of particular interest. However, one must regard the particular characteristics of the construction contract, and how the construction contract differs from similar types of contracts. In case law, the Supreme Court has tended to attach importance to the Sales of Goods Act herein. In NJA 2018 s. 653, the Supreme Court found that the Sales of Goods Act did not provide guidance. Therefore, the Court sought guidance in NS 8405 when determining the contents of a default rule concerning the scope of the contractor’s obligation to make good defects.

It is difficult to formulate general criteria for when default construction law can be derived from NS 8405. However, there were certain circumstances in NJA 2018 s. 653 that were important for the Supreme Court’s decision to take NS 8405 into account. On the basis of these circumstances, the essay investigates the possibilities of deriving a default construction rule on cancellation of works based on the rules on cancellation in NS 8405. There are certain similarities between the question of cancellation and the circumstances in NJA 2018 p. 653, which enables argumentation with reference to NS 8405 regarding the question of whether a default rule on cancellation is subject to any restrictions. At the same time, the issue differs from that in the judgment in that the Sales of Goods Act also provides a solution to this question. This leads to questions on the possibilities of deviating from the Sales of Goods Act, due to the characteristics of the construction contract, in favour of the rules in NS 8405.

Concerning the Nordic legal community, it is difficult to determine how the community supports deriving default rules from sources of law in other Nordic countries. Such sources can, above all, be taken into account when interpreting legislation that is identical in the Swedish and foreign legal systems. In NJA 2018 s. 653, the Supreme Court attached much importance to the Nordic legal source material, in comparison with how such material has been used in other cases. There is reason to be aware of the risks involved in this approach. The considerations that form the basis for the contents of NS 8405 may differ from the considerations that must be taken into account when determining the contents of default construction law. However, the terms in NS 8405 have been created with regard to legislation that is largely identical in Sweden and Norway. The development in the area of construction law is therefore affected by legislation that is an expression of the Nordic legal community. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Lassing, Filip LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Default Construction Law in the light of the Nordic Legal Community
course
JURM02 20211
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Förmögenhetsrätt, entreprenadrätt, kontraktsrätt
language
Swedish
id
9046400
date added to LUP
2021-06-16 14:42:15
date last changed
2021-06-16 14:42:15
@misc{9046400,
  abstract     = {{The construction contract is an unregulated type of contract. According to the principles of interpretation applied on the standard-form contracts that govern the majority of construction contracts, the interpretation of unclear terms can be made in the light of default law. An important question is how the default rules applicable on construction contracts are to be determined. In NJA 2018 s. 653, the Supreme Court chose to derive such a default rule with the support of Danish and Norwegian construction law. According to the Supreme Court, this method was justified by the Nordic legal community (nordisk rättsgemenskap). The purpose of the essay is, based on the Supreme Court’s approach in NJA 2018 s. 653, to investigate under what conditions default construction law can be derived with guidance from the terms in the Norwegian standard form for construction contracts, NS 8405.

According to the Supreme Court, guidance when determining the contents of default construction law should primarily be sought in general principles of contract law and in legislation regulating contract types similar to the construction contract, when interpreting construction contracts in the light of default law. Here, the Sales of Goods Act is of particular interest. However, one must regard the particular characteristics of the construction contract, and how the construction contract differs from similar types of contracts. In case law, the Supreme Court has tended to attach importance to the Sales of Goods Act herein. In NJA 2018 s. 653, the Supreme Court found that the Sales of Goods Act did not provide guidance. Therefore, the Court sought guidance in NS 8405 when determining the contents of a default rule concerning the scope of the contractor’s obligation to make good defects. 

It is difficult to formulate general criteria for when default construction law can be derived from NS 8405. However, there were certain circumstances in NJA 2018 s. 653 that were important for the Supreme Court’s decision to take NS 8405 into account. On the basis of these circumstances, the essay investigates the possibilities of deriving a default construction rule on cancellation of works based on the rules on cancellation in NS 8405. There are certain similarities between the question of cancellation and the circumstances in NJA 2018 p. 653, which enables argumentation with reference to NS 8405 regarding the question of whether a default rule on cancellation is subject to any restrictions. At the same time, the issue differs from that in the judgment in that the Sales of Goods Act also provides a solution to this question. This leads to questions on the possibilities of deviating from the Sales of Goods Act, due to the characteristics of the construction contract, in favour of the rules in NS 8405. 

Concerning the Nordic legal community, it is difficult to determine how the community supports deriving default rules from sources of law in other Nordic countries. Such sources can, above all, be taken into account when interpreting legislation that is identical in the Swedish and foreign legal systems. In NJA 2018 s. 653, the Supreme Court attached much importance to the Nordic legal source material, in comparison with how such material has been used in other cases. There is reason to be aware of the risks involved in this approach. The considerations that form the basis for the contents of NS 8405 may differ from the considerations that must be taken into account when determining the contents of default construction law. However, the terms in NS 8405 have been created with regard to legislation that is largely identical in Sweden and Norway. The development in the area of construction law is therefore affected by legislation that is an expression of the Nordic legal community.}},
  author       = {{Lassing, Filip}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Dispositiv entreprenadrätt i ljuset av nordisk rättsgemenskap - Om utfyllning av entreprenadavtal efter NJA 2018 s. 653}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}