Rättighetsskyddet vid kvalificerade säkerhetsärenden - En granskning av förenligheten mellan lagen (1991:572) om särskild utlänningskontroll och rättighetsskydden i Europakonventionen och regeringsformen
(2021) JURM02 20211Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract
- The application of the Act (1991:572) Concerning Special Controls in Respect of Aliens have had a major increase these last few years. The law refers to qualified security cases and enables the Security Police to take foreign citizens who are deemed to pose a danger to national security into custody pending their deportation. As the deportations can seldom be carried out due to the risk of inhumane treatment in the receiving country, the foreigners are generally required to report to the Police Authority a certain number of times a week. The application of the law has been criticized by lawyers and other experts due to the lack of transparency, secrecy of evidence and low evidentiary requirements.
The purpose of this paper has been to... (More) - The application of the Act (1991:572) Concerning Special Controls in Respect of Aliens have had a major increase these last few years. The law refers to qualified security cases and enables the Security Police to take foreign citizens who are deemed to pose a danger to national security into custody pending their deportation. As the deportations can seldom be carried out due to the risk of inhumane treatment in the receiving country, the foreigners are generally required to report to the Police Authority a certain number of times a week. The application of the law has been criticized by lawyers and other experts due to the lack of transparency, secrecy of evidence and low evidentiary requirements.
The purpose of this paper has been to examine whether the deportation procedure is compatible with the protection of rights that individuals are given through the Constitution of Sweden and the European Convention, and to base the discussion on the balance between human rights and national security.
Through a legal dogmatic method, the content of current Swedish legislation and the European Convention have been clarified through processing of law, preparatory work, case law and literature. Practical examples have also been used in order to illustrate how the law is applied in practice. Subsequently, the compatibility between the Act Concerning Special Controls in Respect of Aliens and the protection of rights in the European Convention and Constitution of Sweden has been analyzed (de lege lata). Finally, by using a legal policy metod a discussion has taken place regarding the balance between human rights and national security (de lege ferenda).
The results have overall shown a good conformity between the Act Concerning Special Controls in Respect of Aliens and the protection of rights in the European Convention and Constitution of Sweden. The Act has been assessed to be compatible with the protection of rights. However, there have been reports of the Security Police withholding evidence before the Migration Court of Appeal which has led to the assessment that the application of the law in this part is incompatible with the right to an effective remedy.
Despite the general conformity between the Act Concerning Special Controls in Respect of Aliens and the protection of rights in the European Convention and Constitution of Sweden the balance of interests between human rights and national security is not equivalent. The rights of the European Convention allow a wide margin of appreciation which is primarily favorable to the national security interests of individual states. The protection of the rights of individuals should therefore be ensured so that foreigners who are branded as terrorists and national security threats are not without rights. (Less) - Abstract (Swedish)
- Tillämpningen av lagen (1991:572) om särskild utlänningskontroll har de senaste åren kraftigt ökat. Lagen avser kvalificerade säkerhetsärenden och möjliggör för Säkerhetspolisen att ta utländska medborgare som bedöms utgöra en fara för rikets säkerhet i förvar i avvaktan på att de utvisas. Eftersom utvisningarna sällan kan verkställas med anledning av risken för omänsklig behandling i mottagandelandet åläggs utlänningarna i regel en anmälningsplikt hos Polismyndigheten ett visst antal gånger i veckan. Tillämpningen av lagen har kritiserats av verksamma advokater och andra sakkunniga med anledning av brist på insyn, hemlighållande av bevisning och låga beviskrav.
Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att granska om utvisningsförfarandet vid... (More) - Tillämpningen av lagen (1991:572) om särskild utlänningskontroll har de senaste åren kraftigt ökat. Lagen avser kvalificerade säkerhetsärenden och möjliggör för Säkerhetspolisen att ta utländska medborgare som bedöms utgöra en fara för rikets säkerhet i förvar i avvaktan på att de utvisas. Eftersom utvisningarna sällan kan verkställas med anledning av risken för omänsklig behandling i mottagandelandet åläggs utlänningarna i regel en anmälningsplikt hos Polismyndigheten ett visst antal gånger i veckan. Tillämpningen av lagen har kritiserats av verksamma advokater och andra sakkunniga med anledning av brist på insyn, hemlighållande av bevisning och låga beviskrav.
Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att granska om utvisningsförfarandet vid kvalificerade säkerhetsärenden är förenligt med det rättighetsskydd som enskilda ges genom Europakonventionen och regeringsformen, samt att utifrån resultatet föra en diskussion kring avvägningen mellan mänskliga rättigheter och nationell säkerhet.
Genom en rättsdogmatisk metod har innehållet i gällande svensk lagstiftning samt Europakonventionen klarlagts genom bearbetning av lagtext, förarbeten, praxis och den juridiska litteraturen. Även praktiska exempel från verkliga kvalificerade säkerhetsärenden har använts ett i syfte att åskådliggöra hur lagen tillämpas i praktiken. Därefter har förenligheten mellan lagen om särskild utlänningskontroll och rättighetsskydden i Europakonventionen och regeringsformen analyserats (de lege lata). Genom en rättspolitisk metod har en diskussion därefter förts över hur avvägningen mellan mänskliga rättigheter och nationell säkerhet bör se ut (de lege ferenda).
Resultatet har visat en generell överensstämmelse mellan lagen om särskild utlänningskontroll och rättighetsskydden i Europakonventionen och regeringsformen. Ingen bestämmelse i lagen har bedömts vara oförenlig med rättighetsskyddet. Emellertid har uppgifter om att Säkerhetspolisen undanhåller bevisning inför Migrationsöverdomstolen föranlett bedömningen att tillämpningen av lagen i denna del är oförenlig med rätten till ett effektivt rättsmedel.
Trots den generella överensstämmelsen mellan lagen om särskild utlänningskontroll och rättighetsskydden kan inte intresseavvägningen mellan mänskliga rättigheter och nationell säkerhet i nuvarande form anses vara balanserad. Tvärtom möjliggör de allmänt hållna och undantagsrika rättigheterna i Europakonventionen ett stort tolkningsutrymme som i första hand är gynnsamma för konventionsstaternas nationella säkerhetsintressen. Rättighetsskyddet avseende enskilda bör således tillses för att inte utlänningar som stämplas som terrorister och nationella säkerhetshot i praktiken ska lämnas rättslösa. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9046482
- author
- Lechner, Anton LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- JURM02 20211
- year
- 2021
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- offentlig rätt, lagen om särskild utlänningskontroll, kvalificerade säkerhetsärenden
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9046482
- date added to LUP
- 2021-06-22 08:49:58
- date last changed
- 2021-06-22 08:49:58
@misc{9046482,
abstract = {{The application of the Act (1991:572) Concerning Special Controls in Respect of Aliens have had a major increase these last few years. The law refers to qualified security cases and enables the Security Police to take foreign citizens who are deemed to pose a danger to national security into custody pending their deportation. As the deportations can seldom be carried out due to the risk of inhumane treatment in the receiving country, the foreigners are generally required to report to the Police Authority a certain number of times a week. The application of the law has been criticized by lawyers and other experts due to the lack of transparency, secrecy of evidence and low evidentiary requirements.
The purpose of this paper has been to examine whether the deportation procedure is compatible with the protection of rights that individuals are given through the Constitution of Sweden and the European Convention, and to base the discussion on the balance between human rights and national security.
Through a legal dogmatic method, the content of current Swedish legislation and the European Convention have been clarified through processing of law, preparatory work, case law and literature. Practical examples have also been used in order to illustrate how the law is applied in practice. Subsequently, the compatibility between the Act Concerning Special Controls in Respect of Aliens and the protection of rights in the European Convention and Constitution of Sweden has been analyzed (de lege lata). Finally, by using a legal policy metod a discussion has taken place regarding the balance between human rights and national security (de lege ferenda).
The results have overall shown a good conformity between the Act Concerning Special Controls in Respect of Aliens and the protection of rights in the European Convention and Constitution of Sweden. The Act has been assessed to be compatible with the protection of rights. However, there have been reports of the Security Police withholding evidence before the Migration Court of Appeal which has led to the assessment that the application of the law in this part is incompatible with the right to an effective remedy.
Despite the general conformity between the Act Concerning Special Controls in Respect of Aliens and the protection of rights in the European Convention and Constitution of Sweden the balance of interests between human rights and national security is not equivalent. The rights of the European Convention allow a wide margin of appreciation which is primarily favorable to the national security interests of individual states. The protection of the rights of individuals should therefore be ensured so that foreigners who are branded as terrorists and national security threats are not without rights.}},
author = {{Lechner, Anton}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Rättighetsskyddet vid kvalificerade säkerhetsärenden - En granskning av förenligheten mellan lagen (1991:572) om särskild utlänningskontroll och rättighetsskydden i Europakonventionen och regeringsformen}},
year = {{2021}},
}