Microstructure and wear investigation of TiC reinforced Hadfield Steel
(2021) FKMM01 20211Materials Engineering
- Abstract
- Hadfield steel, which is a high-manganese steel alloy, is commonly used as liner for various types of rock crushers. It is used in this application due to its high toughness in combination with its high work hardening ability. Toughness is important for resisting the high impact from rocks during processing. However, the high stress gauging abrasive wear is still significant. This can lead to production stops and undesired downtime. To improve abrasive wear resistance, increased material hardness is desired. Therefore, a new and improved material that combines high toughness and high hardness is needed.
High toughness and hardness are two properties that are seldom combined in single phase materials. Metal matrix composites are a class of... (More) - Hadfield steel, which is a high-manganese steel alloy, is commonly used as liner for various types of rock crushers. It is used in this application due to its high toughness in combination with its high work hardening ability. Toughness is important for resisting the high impact from rocks during processing. However, the high stress gauging abrasive wear is still significant. This can lead to production stops and undesired downtime. To improve abrasive wear resistance, increased material hardness is desired. Therefore, a new and improved material that combines high toughness and high hardness is needed.
High toughness and hardness are two properties that are seldom combined in single phase materials. Metal matrix composites are a class of composites that can effectively combine these mechanical properties by the incorporation of a hard ceramic phase into a tough metallic matrix phase.
In this master thesis, we produce a metal matrix composite where titanium carbide particles reinforce a matrix of Hadfield steel, to combine the toughness and work hardenability of the metal with the hardness of the carbide phase. The manufacturing parameters and their correlation to microstructure was investigated, and the effect on hardness and wear resistance was evaluated.
The results show that the reinforced material exhibits improved hardness, and it outperforms the classical Hadfield steel liner material in rock crushing wear tests. (Less) - Popular Abstract
- Wear in rock processing equipment is often severe. In this work, we develop a composite material that experiences reduced wear in this application.
Small rocks and gravel are used in almost all man-made constructions today and are a vital part of modern infrastructure, acting as reinforcement in concrete or asphalt for example.
Producing these small rocks requires a machine that can crush larger rocks. For these types of machines, a very tough and durable material that does not crack needs to be used. Today, this material is commonly Hadfield steel. This is a very tough steel, which makes it resistant to cracking when used in situations under high impact stress, resulting in high reliability during service. However, the steel is still... (More) - Wear in rock processing equipment is often severe. In this work, we develop a composite material that experiences reduced wear in this application.
Small rocks and gravel are used in almost all man-made constructions today and are a vital part of modern infrastructure, acting as reinforcement in concrete or asphalt for example.
Producing these small rocks requires a machine that can crush larger rocks. For these types of machines, a very tough and durable material that does not crack needs to be used. Today, this material is commonly Hadfield steel. This is a very tough steel, which makes it resistant to cracking when used in situations under high impact stress, resulting in high reliability during service. However, the steel is still subject to high abrasive wear, like the removal of material performed by a sandpaper on wood. It is worn quickly, resulting in the need of frequent replacement of parts. Production of new steel parts in the mining industry have a high environmental impact, both connected to energy consumption and the need for raw material. Around 1 % of the world’s energy production is related to the manufacturing of these parts. Between the years 2015-2020, companies in one of the countries with the largest mining industry, used 2.2 million tonnes of steel for this application.
A hard material is commonly used in applications where abrasive wear is high. However, a metallic material is rarely both tough and hard at the same time. Hard materials are usually brittle and crack during high impact forces, such as those present while crushing rocks. To combine the properties of two different materials, such as toughness and hardness, composites can be used. In contrary to single phase materials, composites consist of two distinctly different phases bonded together, such as the gravel bonded to cement in concrete. This strategy can be employed to reinforce the tough Hadfield steel with another phase, with the aim to increase hardness. This reinforcement can be in the form of small evenly distributed particles in the steel phase.
In this work, Hadfield steel has been reinforced with hard titanium carbide particles. The produced material showed an increased hardness and its resistance to wear during rock crushing was substantially improved. More specifically, compared to the commonly used material, hardness was improved by more than 250 % and wear during rock crushing was reduced by up to 20 %.
The result of this work shows a great potential for improving the properties of Hadfield steel and its applications. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9049547
- author
- Johansson, Adam LU and Lazar, Isac LU
- supervisor
-
- Latifa Melk LU
- organization
- course
- FKMM01 20211
- year
- 2021
- type
- H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
- subject
- keywords
- Metal Matrix Composites(MMC), Hadfield steel, Titanium carbide(TiC)
- language
- English
- id
- 9049547
- date added to LUP
- 2022-12-06 08:16:45
- date last changed
- 2022-12-06 08:16:45
@misc{9049547,
abstract = {{Hadfield steel, which is a high-manganese steel alloy, is commonly used as liner for various types of rock crushers. It is used in this application due to its high toughness in combination with its high work hardening ability. Toughness is important for resisting the high impact from rocks during processing. However, the high stress gauging abrasive wear is still significant. This can lead to production stops and undesired downtime. To improve abrasive wear resistance, increased material hardness is desired. Therefore, a new and improved material that combines high toughness and high hardness is needed.
High toughness and hardness are two properties that are seldom combined in single phase materials. Metal matrix composites are a class of composites that can effectively combine these mechanical properties by the incorporation of a hard ceramic phase into a tough metallic matrix phase.
In this master thesis, we produce a metal matrix composite where titanium carbide particles reinforce a matrix of Hadfield steel, to combine the toughness and work hardenability of the metal with the hardness of the carbide phase. The manufacturing parameters and their correlation to microstructure was investigated, and the effect on hardness and wear resistance was evaluated.
The results show that the reinforced material exhibits improved hardness, and it outperforms the classical Hadfield steel liner material in rock crushing wear tests.}},
author = {{Johansson, Adam and Lazar, Isac}},
language = {{eng}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Microstructure and wear investigation of TiC reinforced Hadfield Steel}},
year = {{2021}},
}