Brandteknisk riskvärdering av Sahlgrenska handkirurgmottagning
(2021) VBRN70 20211Division of Fire Safety Engineering
- Abstract
- Emergency evacuation in hospitals sets special demands on fire protection systems and the construction of the building since hospitals often are large and complex buildings. People and patients of all ages, with reduced mobility, and anesthetized people who are not capable to evacuate without assistance are often present. The procedure of evacuating a hospital is therefore not an easy task. The purpose of this report is to provide an idea of the evacuation time, and how different fire scenarios would impact them, at the Sahlgrenska hand clinic hospital in Mölndal with the help of computer simulations and calculations. Time to critical fire conditions is also included as well as scenario assessment.
Three out of several identified possible... (More) - Emergency evacuation in hospitals sets special demands on fire protection systems and the construction of the building since hospitals often are large and complex buildings. People and patients of all ages, with reduced mobility, and anesthetized people who are not capable to evacuate without assistance are often present. The procedure of evacuating a hospital is therefore not an easy task. The purpose of this report is to provide an idea of the evacuation time, and how different fire scenarios would impact them, at the Sahlgrenska hand clinic hospital in Mölndal with the help of computer simulations and calculations. Time to critical fire conditions is also included as well as scenario assessment.
Three out of several identified possible fire scenarios that could impact the emergency evacuation were chosen: fire outside the elevators at floor 10 in a couple of cartons, fire in the lunchroom at floor 10 started by a microwave, and fire in the office started by a laptop on floor 11. Simulations in Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) were used to find out when the critical conditions such as smoke density, toxic gases, and critical temperatures occurred. By doing this, an Available Safe Egress Time (ASET) could be determined. The evacuation simulator Pathfinder was then used to calculate the Required Safe Egress Time (RSET) since the program allowed the user to define behaviours of the agents such as emergency rescue teams that would help others evacuate. With this data, a model has since been created. The results have then been compared to how fast the fire is growing and becoming deadly. These results can later be used to make the hospital safer.
The time needed for safe evacuation was then compared to the available time before critical conditions occurred. The results showed that the evacuation could be performed safely and that the building in general had a satisfactory fire protection system. However, the report is concluded with the importance of keeping emergency evacuation routes clear of combustible materials such as cartons. (Less) - Abstract (Swedish)
- Utrymning i sjukhus ställer speciella krav på brandsystem och byggnader då sjukhus ofta är stora och komplexa byggnader med många människor med olika förutsättningar. Där befinner sig personer i alla åldrar, personer med diverse nedsatt rörlighetsförmåga samt nedsövda personer som behöver assistans av anställda för att kunna utrymma byggnaden. Patienter som behöver assistans vid transport kan ta extra tid på sig då de patienterna har andra förutsättningar och behov, såsom tid att förbereda patienten för transport i trappor, nedsatt transporthastighet och eventuellt ett annat val av utrymningsväg än det som annars hade varit möjligt. Rapportens syfte är att ge en uppfattning av utrymningstider i den handkirurgiska mottagningen på... (More)
- Utrymning i sjukhus ställer speciella krav på brandsystem och byggnader då sjukhus ofta är stora och komplexa byggnader med många människor med olika förutsättningar. Där befinner sig personer i alla åldrar, personer med diverse nedsatt rörlighetsförmåga samt nedsövda personer som behöver assistans av anställda för att kunna utrymma byggnaden. Patienter som behöver assistans vid transport kan ta extra tid på sig då de patienterna har andra förutsättningar och behov, såsom tid att förbereda patienten för transport i trappor, nedsatt transporthastighet och eventuellt ett annat val av utrymningsväg än det som annars hade varit möjligt. Rapportens syfte är att ge en uppfattning av utrymningstider i den handkirurgiska mottagningen på Sahlgrenska sjukhuset med hjälp av datorsimuleringar och tidigare forskning av ämnet. Även tid till kritiska brandförhållanden ingår såväl som scenariobedömning.
De tre brandscenariorna som har valt att fokusera på är brand i lunchrummet i en mikrovågsugn på våning 10, anlagd brand i korridoren vid kartongerna på våning 11 samt brand i ett kontorsrum i en bärbar dator på våning 12. Som hjälp till att uppskatta brandbelastning och utrymning har simulationsprogrammen FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) samt Pathfinder används. Rapporten beskriver också människors beteende vid brand, och osäkerheterna i modellerna som präglas av det. Som hjälp har bilder från avdelningen samt ritningar använts för att skapa realistiska modeller. Osäkerheterna diskuteras senare i slutet av rapporten.
Genom att utgå från tidigare forskning om olika människors transporthastigheter, vertikalt såväl som horisontellt, varseblivningstiden samt förberedelsetid har en tid för utrymning uppskattats. Med denna data har sedan modellerna skapats. Resultaten har senare jämförts med hur snabbt branden växer och blir dödlig. Dessa resultat kan senare användas för att göra sjukhuset säkrare.
Resultaten visar att personerna i byggnaden hinner utrymma säkert i de brandscenariorna som har gåtts vidare med, dock är det viktigt att utrymningsvägarna såsom exempelvis korridorer och trappor hålls fria från brännbara material som till exempel kartonger och emballage. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9052701
- author
- Hjalmarsson, Lucas LU ; Hamnes Alavei, Emil LU ; Sandell, Henry LU and Wendt Höjer, Karl LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- VBRN70 20211
- year
- 2021
- type
- L3 - Miscellaneous, Projetcs etc.
- subject
- keywords
- BTR, Brandteknisk riskvärdering, Sahlgrenska, Handkirurg
- report number
- 9542
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9052701
- date added to LUP
- 2021-06-11 13:10:36
- date last changed
- 2021-06-11 13:10:36
@misc{9052701,
abstract = {{Emergency evacuation in hospitals sets special demands on fire protection systems and the construction of the building since hospitals often are large and complex buildings. People and patients of all ages, with reduced mobility, and anesthetized people who are not capable to evacuate without assistance are often present. The procedure of evacuating a hospital is therefore not an easy task. The purpose of this report is to provide an idea of the evacuation time, and how different fire scenarios would impact them, at the Sahlgrenska hand clinic hospital in Mölndal with the help of computer simulations and calculations. Time to critical fire conditions is also included as well as scenario assessment.
Three out of several identified possible fire scenarios that could impact the emergency evacuation were chosen: fire outside the elevators at floor 10 in a couple of cartons, fire in the lunchroom at floor 10 started by a microwave, and fire in the office started by a laptop on floor 11. Simulations in Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) were used to find out when the critical conditions such as smoke density, toxic gases, and critical temperatures occurred. By doing this, an Available Safe Egress Time (ASET) could be determined. The evacuation simulator Pathfinder was then used to calculate the Required Safe Egress Time (RSET) since the program allowed the user to define behaviours of the agents such as emergency rescue teams that would help others evacuate. With this data, a model has since been created. The results have then been compared to how fast the fire is growing and becoming deadly. These results can later be used to make the hospital safer.
The time needed for safe evacuation was then compared to the available time before critical conditions occurred. The results showed that the evacuation could be performed safely and that the building in general had a satisfactory fire protection system. However, the report is concluded with the importance of keeping emergency evacuation routes clear of combustible materials such as cartons.}},
author = {{Hjalmarsson, Lucas and Hamnes Alavei, Emil and Sandell, Henry and Wendt Höjer, Karl}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Brandteknisk riskvärdering av Sahlgrenska handkirurgmottagning}},
year = {{2021}},
}