Sensor concepts for Industry 4.0
(2021) MMTM01 20211Production and Materials Engineering
- Abstract
- The next industrial revolution has been denoted by Industry 4.0 and is the continuation of the process of knowledge acquisition and further control over the entire production process which has been evolving since the beginning of the industrialization. A paramount driver of Industry 4.0 is the smart sensor.
In this master’s thesis, the first stage of a complete smart sensor will be conceptualized. In industrial applications there is a need to determine the stresses that are present in a material when applying external pressure without using invasive methods. The material that will be investigated is Cr-doped Al2O3, i.e. ruby, which is a ceramic with outstanding mechanical properties useful in industrial applications. The doping of Cr3+... (More) - The next industrial revolution has been denoted by Industry 4.0 and is the continuation of the process of knowledge acquisition and further control over the entire production process which has been evolving since the beginning of the industrialization. A paramount driver of Industry 4.0 is the smart sensor.
In this master’s thesis, the first stage of a complete smart sensor will be conceptualized. In industrial applications there is a need to determine the stresses that are present in a material when applying external pressure without using invasive methods. The material that will be investigated is Cr-doped Al2O3, i.e. ruby, which is a ceramic with outstanding mechanical properties useful in industrial applications. The doping of Cr3+ ions grants said material with interesting optical properties. Hence, the first stage of a complete smart sensor consists of verifying both quantitatively and qualitatively the fluorescence shift of the so called R fluorescence lines upon externally applying pressure to the Cr-doped Al2O3 material by using optical fluorescence spectroscopy. This physical phenomenon is also called the piezo-spectroscopic effect which is a behaviour that could act as a reliable sensor for monitoring the mechanical response of the material non-invasively.
The results were inconclusive as the single crystal ruby acquired internal damage quite early during the piezo-spectroscopic measurements. However, fluorescence spectra was gathered and the R fluorescence lines could reasonably be identified. Ultimately, a fluorescence shift upon externally applied pressure could not be verified quantitatively nor qualitatively. For further work, the experimental setup must improve and conceptualizing a complete sensor for use in the next industrial revolution requires taking into account the effects of temperature and material composition in combination with the piezo-spectroscopic effect. (Less) - Popular Abstract
- The next industrial revolution has arrived. Machines and products are now an integral part. Human interference is kept at a minimum. An important driver of the so called Industry 4.0 is smart sensor technology.
Smart sensors are associated with better performance, higher integration and sensing of multiple parameters at the same time.
Al2O3 is a material with exceptional mechanical properties and is often used in industrial applications. The most thermodynamically stable form of said material is α-Al2O3 which is also known as the gemstone ruby, and doping it with Cr3+ ions gives rise to fascinating optical properties. Upon applying pressure to Cr-doped α-Al2O3 its fluorescence will shift depending on how high the pressure is, and... (More) - The next industrial revolution has arrived. Machines and products are now an integral part. Human interference is kept at a minimum. An important driver of the so called Industry 4.0 is smart sensor technology.
Smart sensors are associated with better performance, higher integration and sensing of multiple parameters at the same time.
Al2O3 is a material with exceptional mechanical properties and is often used in industrial applications. The most thermodynamically stable form of said material is α-Al2O3 which is also known as the gemstone ruby, and doping it with Cr3+ ions gives rise to fascinating optical properties. Upon applying pressure to Cr-doped α-Al2O3 its fluorescence will shift depending on how high the pressure is, and whether it is applied in a context of a compressive load or in a tensile field. This physical phenomenon is called the piezo-spectroscopic effect and it is a behaviour of Cr-doped α-Al2O3 that allows for monitoring stress without using destructive methods. As α-Al2O3 is frequently used in industrial applications, and although taken into account its terrific mechanical attributes, α-Al2O3 is susceptible to mechanical stress, thus inevitably leading to deformation eventually. By utilizing the piezo-spectroscopic effect of Cr-doped α-Al2O3 it could be possible to measure the stress non-invasively before deformation occurs. This makes Cr-doped α-Al2O3 a candidate to be part of a optical smart sensor system. There is a long way before a complete smart sensor can be finalized but verifying the piezo-spectroscopic effect of Cr-doped α-Al2O3 is the first stage of conceptualizing a complete optical smart sensor with applications in the fourth industrial revolution. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9056924
- author
- Le, Daniel
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- MMTM01 20211
- year
- 2021
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- Fluorescence, alumina, ruby, piezo-spectroscopic effect
- report number
- : LUTMDN/(TMMV-5316)/1-44/2021
- language
- English
- id
- 9056924
- date added to LUP
- 2021-06-21 10:38:37
- date last changed
- 2021-06-21 10:38:37
@misc{9056924,
abstract = {{The next industrial revolution has been denoted by Industry 4.0 and is the continuation of the process of knowledge acquisition and further control over the entire production process which has been evolving since the beginning of the industrialization. A paramount driver of Industry 4.0 is the smart sensor.
In this master’s thesis, the first stage of a complete smart sensor will be conceptualized. In industrial applications there is a need to determine the stresses that are present in a material when applying external pressure without using invasive methods. The material that will be investigated is Cr-doped Al2O3, i.e. ruby, which is a ceramic with outstanding mechanical properties useful in industrial applications. The doping of Cr3+ ions grants said material with interesting optical properties. Hence, the first stage of a complete smart sensor consists of verifying both quantitatively and qualitatively the fluorescence shift of the so called R fluorescence lines upon externally applying pressure to the Cr-doped Al2O3 material by using optical fluorescence spectroscopy. This physical phenomenon is also called the piezo-spectroscopic effect which is a behaviour that could act as a reliable sensor for monitoring the mechanical response of the material non-invasively.
The results were inconclusive as the single crystal ruby acquired internal damage quite early during the piezo-spectroscopic measurements. However, fluorescence spectra was gathered and the R fluorescence lines could reasonably be identified. Ultimately, a fluorescence shift upon externally applied pressure could not be verified quantitatively nor qualitatively. For further work, the experimental setup must improve and conceptualizing a complete sensor for use in the next industrial revolution requires taking into account the effects of temperature and material composition in combination with the piezo-spectroscopic effect.}},
author = {{Le, Daniel}},
language = {{eng}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Sensor concepts for Industry 4.0}},
year = {{2021}},
}