Robusthet i forensisk bevisning – En kritisk granskning av NFC:s sakkunnighetsutlåtanden
(2021) JURM02 20211Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- I takt med den tekniska utvecklingen i samhället har forensisk bevisning, eller kriminalteknisk bevisning som det också kallas, fått en allt större betydelse inom rättsväsendet. Med forensisk bevisning avses bevis som upptäckts och värderats med hjälp av en naturvetenskaplig och/eller teknisk metod (även kallat forensisk metod). Det handlar vanligtvis om någon typ av fysiskt spår (DNA, skoavtryck, fibrer, kulor från skjutvapen m.m.) som lämnats på en viss plats.
I Sverige är det bl.a. Nationellt Forensiskt Centrum (NFC) som bedriver den forensiska verksamheten. När ett forensiskt bevis används i rätten avger NFC alltid ett särskilt sakkunnighetsutlåtande. Detta sakkunnighetsutlåtande ska då underlätta för rätten när den värderar den... (More) - I takt med den tekniska utvecklingen i samhället har forensisk bevisning, eller kriminalteknisk bevisning som det också kallas, fått en allt större betydelse inom rättsväsendet. Med forensisk bevisning avses bevis som upptäckts och värderats med hjälp av en naturvetenskaplig och/eller teknisk metod (även kallat forensisk metod). Det handlar vanligtvis om någon typ av fysiskt spår (DNA, skoavtryck, fibrer, kulor från skjutvapen m.m.) som lämnats på en viss plats.
I Sverige är det bl.a. Nationellt Forensiskt Centrum (NFC) som bedriver den forensiska verksamheten. När ett forensiskt bevis används i rätten avger NFC alltid ett särskilt sakkunnighetsutlåtande. Detta sakkunnighetsutlåtande ska då underlätta för rätten när den värderar den forensiska bevisningen.
I denna uppsats har det undersökts huruvida NFC:s sakkunnighetsutlåtanden innehåller tillräckligt med information för att rätten ska kunna göra en rättssäker prövning av bevisningen. Fokus har legat på prövningen av bevisningens robusthet, d.v.s. dess känslighet för ny information. Här har faktorer som subjektivitet och otillräckliga referensdata haft störst betydelse.
Efter att ha samlat in en mängd sakkunnighetsutlåtanden kunde det konstateras att NFC:s sakkunnighetsutlåtande inte innehöll tillräckligt med information med avseende på subjektivitet och otillräckliga referensdata. Hovrättspraxis visade även att detta till viss del kan ha lett till godtyckliga rättstillämpningar. Slutsatsen i analysen är att NFC:s sakkunnighetsutlåtanden bör utformas på ett annat sätt än hur de ser ut idag. Sakkunnighetsutlåtandena bör ange ett värde för bevisningens robusthet. (Less) - Abstract
- The technical development in society has made forensic evidence to become increasingly important in the judiciary. Forensic evidence refers to evidence that has been discovered and evaluated using a scientific and/or technical method (also called as a forensic method). It is usually about some type of physical trace (DNA, shoe prints, fibers, bullets from firearms, etc.) that has been left at a crime scene.
In Sweden it is mainly the National Forensic Center (NFC) which conducts the forensic activities, at least when it comes to physical traces at a crime scene. When a forensic certificate is used in court, the NFC always issues a written expert opinion. The purpose of the expert opinion is to make it easier for the court when it... (More) - The technical development in society has made forensic evidence to become increasingly important in the judiciary. Forensic evidence refers to evidence that has been discovered and evaluated using a scientific and/or technical method (also called as a forensic method). It is usually about some type of physical trace (DNA, shoe prints, fibers, bullets from firearms, etc.) that has been left at a crime scene.
In Sweden it is mainly the National Forensic Center (NFC) which conducts the forensic activities, at least when it comes to physical traces at a crime scene. When a forensic certificate is used in court, the NFC always issues a written expert opinion. The purpose of the expert opinion is to make it easier for the court when it evaluates the forensic evidence.
In this essay, it has been examined whether NFC's expert opinions contain extensive information in order for the court to be able to make a legally certain examination of the evidence. The focus has been on testing the robustness of the evidence, i.e. its sensitivity to new information. Two factors that can affect the robustness when it comes to forensic evidence is subjectivity and insufficient reference data. It is these two factors that has been investigated in this essay.
After collecting a number of expert opinions, it was found that NFC's expert opinion did not contain sufficient information regarding subjectivity and insufficient reference data. The Court of Appeal's case law also showed that this may to some extent have led to arbitrary applications of law. The conclusion of the analysis is therefore that NFC's expert opinions should be formulated in a different way than they look today. The expert opinions should indicate a value for the robustness of the evidence, so that the courts more easily can make a legally certain examination of the evidence. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9062690
- author
- Linander, Erik LU
- supervisor
- organization
- alternative title
- Robustness in forensic evidence – A critical examination of the NFC's expert opinion
- course
- JURM02 20211
- year
- 2021
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- allmän rättslära, bevisrätt, bevisvärdering
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9062690
- date added to LUP
- 2021-10-28 13:10:30
- date last changed
- 2021-10-28 13:10:30
@misc{9062690,
abstract = {{The technical development in society has made forensic evidence to become increasingly important in the judiciary. Forensic evidence refers to evidence that has been discovered and evaluated using a scientific and/or technical method (also called as a forensic method). It is usually about some type of physical trace (DNA, shoe prints, fibers, bullets from firearms, etc.) that has been left at a crime scene.
In Sweden it is mainly the National Forensic Center (NFC) which conducts the forensic activities, at least when it comes to physical traces at a crime scene. When a forensic certificate is used in court, the NFC always issues a written expert opinion. The purpose of the expert opinion is to make it easier for the court when it evaluates the forensic evidence.
In this essay, it has been examined whether NFC's expert opinions contain extensive information in order for the court to be able to make a legally certain examination of the evidence. The focus has been on testing the robustness of the evidence, i.e. its sensitivity to new information. Two factors that can affect the robustness when it comes to forensic evidence is subjectivity and insufficient reference data. It is these two factors that has been investigated in this essay.
After collecting a number of expert opinions, it was found that NFC's expert opinion did not contain sufficient information regarding subjectivity and insufficient reference data. The Court of Appeal's case law also showed that this may to some extent have led to arbitrary applications of law. The conclusion of the analysis is therefore that NFC's expert opinions should be formulated in a different way than they look today. The expert opinions should indicate a value for the robustness of the evidence, so that the courts more easily can make a legally certain examination of the evidence.}},
author = {{Linander, Erik}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Robusthet i forensisk bevisning – En kritisk granskning av NFC:s sakkunnighetsutlåtanden}},
year = {{2021}},
}