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Får man bry sig om sina döttrar? - En undersökning av den svenska korrigeringsregelns innebörd och förenlighet med EU-rätten efter Hornbach-Baumarkt-domen

Baum, Alice LU (2021) JURM02 20212
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
För att motverka skattebaserosion genom prissättning som avviker från marknadspris vid gränsöverskridande transaktioner mellan närstående företag har många stater implementerat nationella korrigeringsregler som förhindrar sådana transaktioner. Den svenska korrigeringsregeln återfinns i 14 kap. 19 § inkomstskattelagen (1999:1229), IL. Korrigeringsregeln möjliggör en ökning av ett företags skattepliktiga resultat om resultatet på grund av avvikande prissättning blivit för lågt. Resultatkorrigering ska dock inte ske om den avvikande prissättningen inte är en följd av den ekonomiska intressegemenskapen mellan företagen. Exempelvis kan så vara fallet om den avvikande prissättningen motiveras av affärsmässiga skäl. Genom Hornbach-Baumarkt-domen... (More)
För att motverka skattebaserosion genom prissättning som avviker från marknadspris vid gränsöverskridande transaktioner mellan närstående företag har många stater implementerat nationella korrigeringsregler som förhindrar sådana transaktioner. Den svenska korrigeringsregeln återfinns i 14 kap. 19 § inkomstskattelagen (1999:1229), IL. Korrigeringsregeln möjliggör en ökning av ett företags skattepliktiga resultat om resultatet på grund av avvikande prissättning blivit för lågt. Resultatkorrigering ska dock inte ske om den avvikande prissättningen inte är en följd av den ekonomiska intressegemenskapen mellan företagen. Exempelvis kan så vara fallet om den avvikande prissättningen motiveras av affärsmässiga skäl. Genom Hornbach-Baumarkt-domen fastslog EU-domstolen att en nationell korrigeringsregel är förenlig med etableringsfriheten om den skattskyldige ges möjlighet att åberopa affärsmässiga skäl för en avvikande prissättning som även kan kopplas till det ägarintresse ett moderbolag har av dess utländska dotterbolags affärsmässiga framgångar.

Uppsatsens syfte har varit att utreda den närmare innebörden av rekvisitet affärsmässiga skäl genom analys av svensk- och EU-rättslig praxis, med särskilt fokus på Hornbach-Baumarkt-domen. Vidare undersöks i uppsatsen huruvida den svenska korrigeringsregeln överensstämmer med kraven som ställs enligt EU-rätten samt vilka konsekvenser Hornbach-Baumarkt-domen kan komma att få för tillämpningen av nationella korrigeringsregler i medlemsstaterna.

Uppsatsen konstaterar att det exakta tillämpningsområdet för att beakta ägarintresse som ett affärsmässigt skäl utifrån Hornbach-Baumarkt-domen är något oklart, men att det i vart fall står klart att ägarintresse ska kunna beaktas då moderbolag beviljar dotterbolag förmåner genom avvikande prissättning. I anslutning härtill diskuteras om den praxis som utvecklats genom Hornbach-Baumarkt-domen medför att syftet med nationella korrigeringsregler undergrävs. Vidare argumenteras för att ordalydelsen av den svenska korrigeringsregeln förhindrar att hänsyn tas till ägarintresset vid bedömning av affärsmässiga skäl. Slutligen konstaterar uppsatsen att det kan ifrågasättas om den svenska korrigeringsregeln uppfyller EU-rättens krav på proportionalitet som det framgår av Hornbach-Baumarkt-domen. (Less)
Abstract
To combat tax base erosion through pricing which deviates from market-pricing in cross-border transactions between related companies, many states have implemented national transfer pricing rules that prohibits such transactions. The Swedish transfer pricing rule is found in chapter 14 section 19 of the Swedish Income Tax Act (1999:1229). The transfer pricing rule enables an increase of the taxable income of a company if it has become too low due to deviating pricing. The taxable income may however not be increased if the deviating pricing is not a result of the shared economic interests between the related companies. This might for instance be the case if the deviating pricing is motivated by a commercial purpose. In the Hornbach-Baumarkt... (More)
To combat tax base erosion through pricing which deviates from market-pricing in cross-border transactions between related companies, many states have implemented national transfer pricing rules that prohibits such transactions. The Swedish transfer pricing rule is found in chapter 14 section 19 of the Swedish Income Tax Act (1999:1229). The transfer pricing rule enables an increase of the taxable income of a company if it has become too low due to deviating pricing. The taxable income may however not be increased if the deviating pricing is not a result of the shared economic interests between the related companies. This might for instance be the case if the deviating pricing is motivated by a commercial purpose. In the Hornbach-Baumarkt judgement, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) established that a national transfer pricing rule is compatible with the freedom of establishment if the taxpayer is given the opportunity to invoke commercial purposes which connects to the parent company’s ownership interest in the commercial successes of its subsidiaries.

The purpose of this essay has been to examine the meaning of the prerequisite commercial purpose through analysis of Swedish case law and case law from the CJEU, in particular the Hornbach-Baumarkt judgement. Furthermore, the essay examined whether the Swedish transfer pricing rule fulfills the requirements of EU law and what consequences the Hornbach-Baumarkt judgement may have on the enforcement of national transfer pricing rules in the EU member states.

The essay concludes that the exact scope of application of viewing ownership interest as a commercial purpose based on the Hornbach-Baumarkt judgement is somewhat unclear. However, it is at least apparent that ownership interest should be taken into consideration when a parent company grants benefits to a foreign subsidiary through deviating pricing. In connection to this, the essay discusses if the standard that was established through the Hornbach-Baumarkt judgement undermines the purpose of national transfer pricing rules. The essay finally argues that the wording of the Swedish transfer pricing rule prevents ownership interest from being considered in the assessment of commercial purpose. The essay concludes that it may be questioned if the Swedish transfer pricing rule meets the requirements of EU law regarding proportionality based on the Hornbach-Baumarkt judgement. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Baum, Alice LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Can you care for your daughters? - An examination of the meaning of the Swedish transfer pricing rule and its compatibility with EU law after the Hornbach-Baumarkt judgement
course
JURM02 20212
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
skatterätt, EU-rätt
language
Swedish
id
9069619
date added to LUP
2022-01-23 16:53:06
date last changed
2022-01-23 16:53:06
@misc{9069619,
  abstract     = {{To combat tax base erosion through pricing which deviates from market-pricing in cross-border transactions between related companies, many states have implemented national transfer pricing rules that prohibits such transactions. The Swedish transfer pricing rule is found in chapter 14 section 19 of the Swedish Income Tax Act (1999:1229). The transfer pricing rule enables an increase of the taxable income of a company if it has become too low due to deviating pricing. The taxable income may however not be increased if the deviating pricing is not a result of the shared economic interests between the related companies. This might for instance be the case if the deviating pricing is motivated by a commercial purpose. In the Hornbach-Baumarkt judgement, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) established that a national transfer pricing rule is compatible with the freedom of establishment if the taxpayer is given the opportunity to invoke commercial purposes which connects to the parent company’s ownership interest in the commercial successes of its subsidiaries. 

The purpose of this essay has been to examine the meaning of the prerequisite commercial purpose through analysis of Swedish case law and case law from the CJEU, in particular the Hornbach-Baumarkt judgement. Furthermore, the essay examined whether the Swedish transfer pricing rule fulfills the requirements of EU law and what consequences the Hornbach-Baumarkt judgement may have on the enforcement of national transfer pricing rules in the EU member states.

The essay concludes that the exact scope of application of viewing ownership interest as a commercial purpose based on the Hornbach-Baumarkt judgement is somewhat unclear. However, it is at least apparent that ownership interest should be taken into consideration when a parent company grants benefits to a foreign subsidiary through deviating pricing. In connection to this, the essay discusses if the standard that was established through the Hornbach-Baumarkt judgement undermines the purpose of national transfer pricing rules. The essay finally argues that the wording of the Swedish transfer pricing rule prevents ownership interest from being considered in the assessment of commercial purpose. The essay concludes that it may be questioned if the Swedish transfer pricing rule meets the requirements of EU law regarding proportionality based on the Hornbach-Baumarkt judgement.}},
  author       = {{Baum, Alice}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Får man bry sig om sina döttrar? - En undersökning av den svenska korrigeringsregelns innebörd och förenlighet med EU-rätten efter Hornbach-Baumarkt-domen}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}