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Anonyma vittnen - Värna om vittnet eller den tilltalades rättigheter, en diskussion som pågått i 30 år

Månsson, Rebecka LU (2021) LAGF03 20212
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Sverige tillåter för närvarande inte anonyma vittnesmål. Ämnet har trots det varit uppe för diskussion i Sverige sedan 90-talet. Med anledning av den ökade gängkriminaliteten samt vittnens otillräckliga skydd ses anonyma vittnen som en alternativ lösning på problemet.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att utreda huruvida ett system med anonyma vittnen hade fungerat i svensk rätt eller inte. Undersökningen görs med bakgrund av de rådande principerna i den svenska rättsordningen samt kravet på rättssäkerhet. Med hjälp av den rättsdogmatiska och den rättsanalytiska metoden kommer undersökningen baseras främst på gällande rätt, viktiga rättsliga avgöranden och betydelsefulla utredningar.

Det huvudsakliga motargumentet som förs är att ett införande... (More)
Sverige tillåter för närvarande inte anonyma vittnesmål. Ämnet har trots det varit uppe för diskussion i Sverige sedan 90-talet. Med anledning av den ökade gängkriminaliteten samt vittnens otillräckliga skydd ses anonyma vittnen som en alternativ lösning på problemet.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att utreda huruvida ett system med anonyma vittnen hade fungerat i svensk rätt eller inte. Undersökningen görs med bakgrund av de rådande principerna i den svenska rättsordningen samt kravet på rättssäkerhet. Med hjälp av den rättsdogmatiska och den rättsanalytiska metoden kommer undersökningen baseras främst på gällande rätt, viktiga rättsliga avgöranden och betydelsefulla utredningar.

Det huvudsakliga motargumentet som förs är att ett införande av anonyma vittnen i för stor del inskränker den åtalades rätt till en rättvis rättegång samt de principer som Sverige förhåller sig till. Samtidigt som vittnen på grund av rädsla inte vågar fullfölja den vittnesplikt som råder i Sverige. Europarådet och Europadomstolen förbjuder inte användandet av anonyma vittnen. Europadomstolen har genom sin praxis belyst att anonyma vittnen är ett alternativ som i viss mån fungerar och inte nödvändigtvis behöver kränka rätten till en rättvis rättegång.

Trots att ett införande av anonyma vittnen i svensk rätt krockar med den tilltalades rättigheter, bör det i min mening vara en lösning som bidrar till fler fördelar än nackdelar för det svenska samhället i stort. (Less)
Abstract
Anonymous witnesses are not allowed in the Swedish legal system, although the subject has been debated in Sweden for decades. Due to increased organized crime and inadequate witness protection, anonymous witnesses is discussed as a solution to the problem.

The purpose of this essay is to straighten out if a system of anonymous witnesses would be possible in the Swedish legal system. This is done on the basis of the prevailing principles in the Swedish legal system and the requirement of legal certainty. The investigation will, through the legal dogmatic method and the legal analytical method, be based on provisions in force, important court decisions and judicial enquiries.

The main argument against a system of anonymous witnesses is... (More)
Anonymous witnesses are not allowed in the Swedish legal system, although the subject has been debated in Sweden for decades. Due to increased organized crime and inadequate witness protection, anonymous witnesses is discussed as a solution to the problem.

The purpose of this essay is to straighten out if a system of anonymous witnesses would be possible in the Swedish legal system. This is done on the basis of the prevailing principles in the Swedish legal system and the requirement of legal certainty. The investigation will, through the legal dogmatic method and the legal analytical method, be based on provisions in force, important court decisions and judicial enquiries.

The main argument against a system of anonymous witnesses is that it will circumscribe the legal guarantees of the accused, for example the right to a fair trial and other principles which govern in Sweden. On the other hand, the witnesses do not fulfill their witnessing obligation followed by Swedish law due to fear. However, the Council of Europe and the European Court of Justice do not forbid anonymous witnesses. The European Court of Justice has through their established practice expressed that anonymous witnesses are an alternative which in several cases increases the witnesses willingness to fulfill their witnessing obligation. It does not always circumscribe the right to a fair trial.

Although an establishment of anonymous witnesses in the Swedish system would conflict with the accused's rights, it would in my opinion be a solution that brings more advantage than disadvantage to the Swedish society. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Månsson, Rebecka LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20212
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Processrätt, Straffrätt, Rättssäkerhet, Anonyma vittnen
language
Swedish
id
9070001
date added to LUP
2022-02-15 11:42:42
date last changed
2022-02-15 11:42:42
@misc{9070001,
  abstract     = {{Anonymous witnesses are not allowed in the Swedish legal system, although the subject has been debated in Sweden for decades. Due to increased organized crime and inadequate witness protection, anonymous witnesses is discussed as a solution to the problem.

The purpose of this essay is to straighten out if a system of anonymous witnesses would be possible in the Swedish legal system. This is done on the basis of the prevailing principles in the Swedish legal system and the requirement of legal certainty. The investigation will, through the legal dogmatic method and the legal analytical method, be based on provisions in force, important court decisions and judicial enquiries.

The main argument against a system of anonymous witnesses is that it will circumscribe the legal guarantees of the accused, for example the right to a fair trial and other principles which govern in Sweden. On the other hand, the witnesses do not fulfill their witnessing obligation followed by Swedish law due to fear. However, the Council of Europe and the European Court of Justice do not forbid anonymous witnesses. The European Court of Justice has through their established practice expressed that anonymous witnesses are an alternative which in several cases increases the witnesses willingness to fulfill their witnessing obligation. It does not always circumscribe the right to a fair trial.

Although an establishment of anonymous witnesses in the Swedish system would conflict with the accused's rights, it would in my opinion be a solution that brings more advantage than disadvantage to the Swedish society.}},
  author       = {{Månsson, Rebecka}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Anonyma vittnen - Värna om vittnet eller den tilltalades rättigheter, en diskussion som pågått i 30 år}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}