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Omedvetet brottslig - En undersökning av medvetenhetskravet och dess förhållande till rättspsykiatrins medicinska medvetandebegrepp

Stenberg, Antonia LU (2021) LAGF03 20212
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Som ett första steg i uppsåtsbedömningen har domstolar att avgöra om den
tilltalade varit i tillräcklig grad medveten om sitt handlande. Det så kallade
medvetenhetskravet är omdiskuterat i både rättspraxis och doktrin, men
handlar i grunden om att söka avgöra om gärningspersonen varit i ett sådant
tillstånd att hen haft en basal grundförståelse för sammanhanget och
omgivningen vari gärningen företogs.

En mer omfattande bedömning av medvetenhetskravet aktualiseras
framförallt i fall där gärningspersonen misstänks ha lidit av en allvarlig
psykisk störning vid gärningstillfället. En sådan misstanke föranleder att ett
rättspsykiatriskt utlåtande inhämtas av domstolen i syfte att bland annat
bedöma om det föreligger förbud... (More)
Som ett första steg i uppsåtsbedömningen har domstolar att avgöra om den
tilltalade varit i tillräcklig grad medveten om sitt handlande. Det så kallade
medvetenhetskravet är omdiskuterat i både rättspraxis och doktrin, men
handlar i grunden om att söka avgöra om gärningspersonen varit i ett sådant
tillstånd att hen haft en basal grundförståelse för sammanhanget och
omgivningen vari gärningen företogs.

En mer omfattande bedömning av medvetenhetskravet aktualiseras
framförallt i fall där gärningspersonen misstänks ha lidit av en allvarlig
psykisk störning vid gärningstillfället. En sådan misstanke föranleder att ett
rättspsykiatriskt utlåtande inhämtas av domstolen i syfte att bland annat
bedöma om det föreligger förbud mot att döma den tilltalade till fängelse.
Syftet med uppsatsen är att klarlägga det juridiska respektive det medicinska
begreppet medvetenhet för att se i vilken mån innebörden överensstämmer.
Detta för att därefter utreda om eventuella begreppsskillnader riskerar att
medföra problematik för domstolarnas skuldprövning.

I den avslutande analysen nås slutsatsen att några större diskrepanser mellan
det juridiska medvetenhetsbegreppet och det medicinska
medvetandebegreppet inte föreligger. Det fastslås dock att medvetenhet
juridiskt kan förstås på olika sätt och att detta bidrar till att domstolen tar
hänsyn till olika faktorer vid olika bedömningar. Mot bakgrund av detta
menar jag att domstolen bör ges lagstadgad rätt att efterfråga ett
rättspsykiatriskt utlåtande i syfte att få underlag till
medvetenhetsbedömningen. (Less)
Abstract
To be able to examine the defendant’s intent the court initially must determine if the defendant has been conscious to the degree where they were aware of their actions. This first step, known as the consciousness requirement (medvetenhetskravet), has been heavily discussed in both court practice and doctrine for many years. Essentially the court must decide whether the defendant was in a state of basic understanding of the surroundings and context where the actions were taken.

If the defendant is suspected to have suffered from a mental disease during the criminal act the defendant’s consciousness is often subject to an extensive examination. In these cases, the court must obtain a forensic psychiatric statement to be able to... (More)
To be able to examine the defendant’s intent the court initially must determine if the defendant has been conscious to the degree where they were aware of their actions. This first step, known as the consciousness requirement (medvetenhetskravet), has been heavily discussed in both court practice and doctrine for many years. Essentially the court must decide whether the defendant was in a state of basic understanding of the surroundings and context where the actions were taken.

If the defendant is suspected to have suffered from a mental disease during the criminal act the defendant’s consciousness is often subject to an extensive examination. In these cases, the court must obtain a forensic psychiatric statement to be able to establish that the defendant was in fact suffering from a mental disease and therefore is prohibited to sentence the defendant to prison. The purpose of the essay is to clarify the legal and the medical term consciousness in order to establish to what extent these correspond. Furthermore, the essay will investigate potential challenges due to terminological discrepancies faced by the court when determining the defendant’s guilt.

The finishing analysis shows that there are no major discrepancies between the legal and medical terms. However, the consciousness requirement can be understood and described differently which leads the court taking different aspects into account when delivering a judgment. Therefore, it is my opinion that the court should be given a legal right to request a forensic psychiatric statement solely in purpose to obtain information about the defendant’s consciousness. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Stenberg, Antonia LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20212
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Straffrätt (criminal law), medvetenhetskravet, uppsåt, allvarlig psykisk störning, rättspsykiatrisk undersökning
language
Swedish
id
9070055
date added to LUP
2022-02-15 11:47:57
date last changed
2022-02-15 11:47:57
@misc{9070055,
  abstract     = {{To be able to examine the defendant’s intent the court initially must determine if the defendant has been conscious to the degree where they were aware of their actions. This first step, known as the consciousness requirement (medvetenhetskravet), has been heavily discussed in both court practice and doctrine for many years. Essentially the court must decide whether the defendant was in a state of basic understanding of the surroundings and context where the actions were taken. 

If the defendant is suspected to have suffered from a mental disease during the criminal act the defendant’s consciousness is often subject to an extensive examination. In these cases, the court must obtain a forensic psychiatric statement to be able to establish that the defendant was in fact suffering from a mental disease and therefore is prohibited to sentence the defendant to prison. The purpose of the essay is to clarify the legal and the medical term consciousness in order to establish to what extent these correspond. Furthermore, the essay will investigate potential challenges due to terminological discrepancies faced by the court when determining the defendant’s guilt. 

The finishing analysis shows that there are no major discrepancies between the legal and medical terms. However, the consciousness requirement can be understood and described differently which leads the court taking different aspects into account when delivering a judgment. Therefore, it is my opinion that the court should be given a legal right to request a forensic psychiatric statement solely in purpose to obtain information about the defendant’s consciousness.}},
  author       = {{Stenberg, Antonia}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Omedvetet brottslig - En undersökning av medvetenhetskravet och dess förhållande till rättspsykiatrins medicinska medvetandebegrepp}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}