Skip to main content

LUP Student Papers

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

“Varför tror du inte på mig?” En studie av tillförlitligheten av barns utsagor vid sexuella övergrepp

Mai, Nina LU (2021) LAGF03 20212
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Den rättsliga hanteringen av sexualbrott mot barn skiljer sig från den mot vuxna. Hanteringen är särskilt komplicerad vid behandling av sexualbrott mot barn eftersom barn generellt inte kan lämna detaljrika och långa uppgifter vid muntliga utsagor. Detta beror på att deras minneskapacitet, ordförråd och kunskap är begränsad. De kan inte uttrycka sina upplevelser, vilket utgör en svårighet för domstolen vid avgörande av mål. Detta försvårar nämligen värderingen av målsägandens utsagor.

Bevisvärdering av muntliga utsagor invecklades ytterligare när NJA 2010 s. 671 och NJA 2017 s. 316 II fastställde sina kriterier på hur bevisvärdering av tillförlitlighet ska gå till. Kriterierna ansågs av många vara för kritiska, vilket gjorde det... (More)
Den rättsliga hanteringen av sexualbrott mot barn skiljer sig från den mot vuxna. Hanteringen är särskilt komplicerad vid behandling av sexualbrott mot barn eftersom barn generellt inte kan lämna detaljrika och långa uppgifter vid muntliga utsagor. Detta beror på att deras minneskapacitet, ordförråd och kunskap är begränsad. De kan inte uttrycka sina upplevelser, vilket utgör en svårighet för domstolen vid avgörande av mål. Detta försvårar nämligen värderingen av målsägandens utsagor.

Bevisvärdering av muntliga utsagor invecklades ytterligare när NJA 2010 s. 671 och NJA 2017 s. 316 II fastställde sina kriterier på hur bevisvärdering av tillförlitlighet ska gå till. Kriterierna ansågs av många vara för kritiska, vilket gjorde det omöjligt för barn att kunna uppnå en tillförlitlig utsaga. För att kunna värdera ett barns utsaga krävs det förståelse av rättspsykologisk forskning om hur barn minns och berättar.

Denna uppsats har till syfte att utreda hur hovrätten värderar barns utsagor i praktiken. En rättsdogmatisk metod används för att göra en närmare undersökning av kriterierna i NJA 2010 s. 671 och NJA 2917 s. 316 II och vad dessa har för betydelse för bevisvärderingen av barns utsagor. Med hjälp av en empirisk metod analyseras rättsfall från hovrätten för att granska exakt vilka kriterier hovrätten använder i sin värdering av barns utsagor och hur dessa kriterier förhåller sig till rättspsykologisk forskning.

Uppsatsen påvisar att samtliga kriterier till viss del kan försvåra tillförlitlighetsbedömningen av barns utsagor. En större samverkan mellan de psykologiska aspekterna och den dömande verksamheten kan underlätta bevisvärdering av barns utsagor, då större hänsyn till barn kommer att tas och kriterierna tillämpas med försiktighet. (Less)
Abstract
The legal treatment of sexual offenses against children differs from that against adults. It is particularly complicated in the treatment of sexual offenses against children, as children are generally unable to provide detailed and lengthy information in oral statements. This is because their memory capacity, vocabulary and knowledge are limited. Children experience difficulties in expressing their experiences, which makes it difficult for the court in deciding cases. Moreover, this also makes it difficult for the court to evaluate the plaintiff's statements.
Evidence evaluation of oral statements was further complicated when NJA 2010 p. 671 and NJA 2017 p. 316 II established criteria for how evidence evaluation of reliability should... (More)
The legal treatment of sexual offenses against children differs from that against adults. It is particularly complicated in the treatment of sexual offenses against children, as children are generally unable to provide detailed and lengthy information in oral statements. This is because their memory capacity, vocabulary and knowledge are limited. Children experience difficulties in expressing their experiences, which makes it difficult for the court in deciding cases. Moreover, this also makes it difficult for the court to evaluate the plaintiff's statements.
Evidence evaluation of oral statements was further complicated when NJA 2010 p. 671 and NJA 2017 p. 316 II established criteria for how evidence evaluation of reliability should proceed. The criteria were considered by many to be too critical, making it impossible for children’s statements to be judged as reliable. In order to evaluate a child's statement an understanding of forensic psychological research on how children remember and tell their stories is required.
The purpose of this essay is to investigate how the Court of Appeal evaluates children's statements in practice. A legal dogmatic method is used to make a closer examination of the criteria in NJA 2010 p. 671 and NJA 2917 p. 316 II and what these are for the evaluation of evidence in children's statements. Using an empirical method, legal cases from the Court of Appeal are analyzed to examine exactly which criteria the Court of Appeal uses in its evaluation of children's statements and how these criteria relate to forensic psychological research.
Furthermore the thesis shows that all criteria can, to some extent, make it more difficult to assess the reliability of children's statements. Greater collaboration between the psychological aspects and the judicial activity can facilitate the evaluation of evidence of children's statements, as greater consideration will be given to children and the criteria will be used with more caution. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Mai, Nina LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20212
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Processrätt, Bevisvärdering, Sexualbrott, Utsaga
language
Swedish
id
9070529
date added to LUP
2022-02-15 11:41:28
date last changed
2022-02-15 11:41:28
@misc{9070529,
  abstract     = {{The legal treatment of sexual offenses against children differs from that against adults. It is particularly complicated in the treatment of sexual offenses against children, as children are generally unable to provide detailed and lengthy information in oral statements. This is because their memory capacity, vocabulary and knowledge are limited. Children experience difficulties in expressing their experiences, which makes it difficult for the court in deciding cases. Moreover, this also makes it difficult for the court to evaluate the plaintiff's statements.
Evidence evaluation of oral statements was further complicated when NJA 2010 p. 671 and NJA 2017 p. 316 II established criteria for how evidence evaluation of reliability should proceed. The criteria were considered by many to be too critical, making it impossible for children’s statements to be judged as reliable. In order to evaluate a child's statement an understanding of forensic psychological research on how children remember and tell their stories is required.
The purpose of this essay is to investigate how the Court of Appeal evaluates children's statements in practice. A legal dogmatic method is used to make a closer examination of the criteria in NJA 2010 p. 671 and NJA 2917 p. 316 II and what these are for the evaluation of evidence in children's statements. Using an empirical method, legal cases from the Court of Appeal are analyzed to examine exactly which criteria the Court of Appeal uses in its evaluation of children's statements and how these criteria relate to forensic psychological research.
Furthermore the thesis shows that all criteria can, to some extent, make it more difficult to assess the reliability of children's statements. Greater collaboration between the psychological aspects and the judicial activity can facilitate the evaluation of evidence of children's statements, as greater consideration will be given to children and the criteria will be used with more caution.}},
  author       = {{Mai, Nina}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{“Varför tror du inte på mig?” En studie av tillförlitligheten av barns utsagor vid sexuella övergrepp}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}