Vem ska iaktta mina intressen? – Om vigilanspliktens förekomst inom avtalstyperna köp av fast egendom, köp av lös egendom och köp av tjänst, samt dess förhållande till lojalitetsplikten
(2021) JURM02 20212Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Två principer inom den allmänna avtalsrätten är vigilansprincipen och lojalitetsprincipen. Medan lojalitetsprincipen är allmänt känd och omskriven kan inte detsamma sägas om vigilansprincipen, som förespråkar respektive avtalsparts vaksamhet och iakttagande av sina egna intressen. Dess innebörd, förekomst som underliggande förklaring till rättsregler i den svenska rätten samt förhållande till övriga principer är förhållandevis okänd. I denna uppsats behandlas därför vigilansprincipen, benämnd vigilansplikten, och hur den kommer till uttryck i rättsordningen. Dessutom analyseras hur vigilansplikten förhåller sig till lojalitetsprincipen, benämnd lojalitetsplikten, som vid första anblick tycks vara vigilanspliktens totala motpol.
Utöver... (More) - Två principer inom den allmänna avtalsrätten är vigilansprincipen och lojalitetsprincipen. Medan lojalitetsprincipen är allmänt känd och omskriven kan inte detsamma sägas om vigilansprincipen, som förespråkar respektive avtalsparts vaksamhet och iakttagande av sina egna intressen. Dess innebörd, förekomst som underliggande förklaring till rättsregler i den svenska rätten samt förhållande till övriga principer är förhållandevis okänd. I denna uppsats behandlas därför vigilansprincipen, benämnd vigilansplikten, och hur den kommer till uttryck i rättsordningen. Dessutom analyseras hur vigilansplikten förhåller sig till lojalitetsprincipen, benämnd lojalitetsplikten, som vid första anblick tycks vara vigilanspliktens totala motpol.
Utöver att definiera plikternas innebörd, redogörs rättsdogmatiskt för hur de kommer till bokstavligt eller underförstått uttryck i tre olika lagreglerade avtalstyper: köp av fast egendom, köp av lös egendom samt avtal om tjänst. Utredningen visar att vigilansplikten allra tydligast utgör ett bakomliggande skäl till den så kallade undersökningsplikten i JB och KöpL. En köpare har intresse av att köpa en felfri fastighet, och åläggs en skyldighet att själv iaktta detta intresse. Av utredningen framgår dock att undersökningsplikten ofta kan kontrasteras av en på lojalitetshänsyn grundad upplysningsplikt, vars omfattning i vissa avseenden är omdebatterad.
Omfattningen av, och förhållandet mellan, de båda plikterna påverkas av partsställningen. Undersökningen av reglerna inom konsumenttjänsträtten visar att näringsidkare åläggs en långtgående lojalitetsplikt i jämförelse med vad som gäller i jämbördiga avtalsrelationer. Ett särskilt spår i framställningen, vid sidan om de prekontraktuella felreglerna, är de inomkontraktuella reklamationsreglerna som stadgas i samtliga behandlade avtalstyper.
Sammanfattningsvis konstateras att båda plikter kommer till uttryck på ett antal sätt i form av underliggande förklaringar till olika rättsregler. Därigenom justeras vilken part som i olika situationer ska tillvarata sin medkontrahents intressen, vilket visat sig kunna bli föremål för förändring genom utveckling av lagstiftning och rättspraxis. Principerna kan förhålla sig till varandra som motpoler, men i vissa fall också tillämpas i symbios. (Less) - Abstract
- Two general principles of contract law are the principle of vigilance and the principle of loyalty. While the principle of loyalty is generally known, the same cannot be said of the principle of vigilance, which advocates the vigilance of each contracting party and the observance of its own interests. Its meaning, existence as an underlying explanation of Swedish law and relation to other principles is relatively unknown. This essay therefore deals with the principle of vigilance, here called the duty of vigilance, and how it is expressed in the Swedish legal system. In addition, it is analyzed how the duty of vigilance relates to the principle of loyalty, here called the duty of loyalty, which at first glance seems to be the total... (More)
- Two general principles of contract law are the principle of vigilance and the principle of loyalty. While the principle of loyalty is generally known, the same cannot be said of the principle of vigilance, which advocates the vigilance of each contracting party and the observance of its own interests. Its meaning, existence as an underlying explanation of Swedish law and relation to other principles is relatively unknown. This essay therefore deals with the principle of vigilance, here called the duty of vigilance, and how it is expressed in the Swedish legal system. In addition, it is analyzed how the duty of vigilance relates to the principle of loyalty, here called the duty of loyalty, which at first glance seems to be the total opposite of the duty of vigilance.
In addition to defining the meaning of the duties, an account is given of how they are expressed literally or implicitly in three different types of statutory agreements: purchase of real estate, purchase of movable property and consumer service agreements. The investigation shows that the duty of vigilance most clearly constitutes an underlying reason for the so-called duty of investigation in JB (the Swedish Land Code) and KöpL (the Swedish Commercial Code). A buyer is interested in buying a faultless property and is obliged to observe this interest him- or herself. The investigation shows, however, that the duty of investigation often can be contrasted with a duty of disclosure based on loyalty, the scope of which in some respects is debated.
The scope of, and the relationship between, the two duties is affected by the position of the parties. The study of the rules regarding consumer service agreements shows that traders are imposed a far-reaching duty of loyalty in comparison with what applies in equal contractual relationships. A separate matter within the essay, in addition to the pre-contractual error rules, is the intra-contractual complaint rules that are stipulated in all types of contracts dealt with here.
In summary, it is stated that both duties are expressed in several ways in the form of underlying explanations of various legal rules. This adjusts which party is to safeguard the interests of the other party in different situations, which has been shown to be subject to change through the development of legislation and case law. The principles can relate to each other as opposite poles but are in some cases also applied in symbiosis. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9070591
- author
- Odh, Sebastian LU
- supervisor
-
- Ola Svensson LU
- organization
- alternative title
- Who will take care of my interests? – On the existence of the duty of vigilance within the types of agreement purchase of real estate, purchase of movable property and consumer service agreements, and its relationship to the duty of loyalty
- course
- JURM02 20212
- year
- 2021
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- avtalsrätt, förmögenhetsrätt, avtalsrättsliga principer, lojalitetsprincipen, vigilansprincipen, undersökningsplikt, upplysningsplikt
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9070591
- date added to LUP
- 2022-01-26 00:13:44
- date last changed
- 2022-01-26 00:13:44
@misc{9070591,
abstract = {{Two general principles of contract law are the principle of vigilance and the principle of loyalty. While the principle of loyalty is generally known, the same cannot be said of the principle of vigilance, which advocates the vigilance of each contracting party and the observance of its own interests. Its meaning, existence as an underlying explanation of Swedish law and relation to other principles is relatively unknown. This essay therefore deals with the principle of vigilance, here called the duty of vigilance, and how it is expressed in the Swedish legal system. In addition, it is analyzed how the duty of vigilance relates to the principle of loyalty, here called the duty of loyalty, which at first glance seems to be the total opposite of the duty of vigilance.
In addition to defining the meaning of the duties, an account is given of how they are expressed literally or implicitly in three different types of statutory agreements: purchase of real estate, purchase of movable property and consumer service agreements. The investigation shows that the duty of vigilance most clearly constitutes an underlying reason for the so-called duty of investigation in JB (the Swedish Land Code) and KöpL (the Swedish Commercial Code). A buyer is interested in buying a faultless property and is obliged to observe this interest him- or herself. The investigation shows, however, that the duty of investigation often can be contrasted with a duty of disclosure based on loyalty, the scope of which in some respects is debated.
The scope of, and the relationship between, the two duties is affected by the position of the parties. The study of the rules regarding consumer service agreements shows that traders are imposed a far-reaching duty of loyalty in comparison with what applies in equal contractual relationships. A separate matter within the essay, in addition to the pre-contractual error rules, is the intra-contractual complaint rules that are stipulated in all types of contracts dealt with here.
In summary, it is stated that both duties are expressed in several ways in the form of underlying explanations of various legal rules. This adjusts which party is to safeguard the interests of the other party in different situations, which has been shown to be subject to change through the development of legislation and case law. The principles can relate to each other as opposite poles but are in some cases also applied in symbiosis.}},
author = {{Odh, Sebastian}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Vem ska iaktta mina intressen? – Om vigilanspliktens förekomst inom avtalstyperna köp av fast egendom, köp av lös egendom och köp av tjänst, samt dess förhållande till lojalitetsplikten}},
year = {{2021}},
}