Bodelning - en jämställd reglering? Avvägningen mellan skyddslagstiftning och fri avtalsrätt
(2022) LAGF03 20221Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Nuvarande äktenskapsbalk togs i bruk 1987. Bodelning med anledning av skilsmässa ska ske enligt dess 9 kap 1 §. Reglerna kring förfarandet är dock knapphändiga. Denna uppsats ämnar med rättsdogmatisk metod undersöka avvägningen mellan skyddslagstiftning och fri avtalsrätt i bodelningsregleringen. Finns det ett behov av utökat skydd för svagare part i processen? Frågeställningarna sker utifrån ett könsperspektiv för att kunna undersöka hur lagstiftningen påverkar kvinnor respektive män. Ett överliggande jämställdhetsperspektiv finns även med.
Inledningsvis beskrivs hur bodelningslagstiftningen sett ut historiskt med ursprung i den uråldriga giftorätten som var andelar i det gemensamma boet, till utvecklingen i modern tid med en latent... (More) - Nuvarande äktenskapsbalk togs i bruk 1987. Bodelning med anledning av skilsmässa ska ske enligt dess 9 kap 1 §. Reglerna kring förfarandet är dock knapphändiga. Denna uppsats ämnar med rättsdogmatisk metod undersöka avvägningen mellan skyddslagstiftning och fri avtalsrätt i bodelningsregleringen. Finns det ett behov av utökat skydd för svagare part i processen? Frågeställningarna sker utifrån ett könsperspektiv för att kunna undersöka hur lagstiftningen påverkar kvinnor respektive män. Ett överliggande jämställdhetsperspektiv finns även med.
Inledningsvis beskrivs hur bodelningslagstiftningen sett ut historiskt med ursprung i den uråldriga giftorätten som var andelar i det gemensamma boet, till utvecklingen i modern tid med en latent rätt till hälften av makarnas gemensamma egendom som huvudregel. I förarbetena till äktenskapsbalken anges att denna likadelningsregel behölls som en skyddsåtgärd för att värna kvinnors ekonomi. Lagstiftaren eftersträvade samtidigt att människor på egen hand skulle kunna förstå lagen och lösa sina juridiska mellanhavanden utan stora kostnader.
I uppsatsen konstateras att fler kvinnor än män på gruppnivå har en sämre ekonomisk situation efter bodelningen jämfört med före skilsmässan. I analysen diskuteras lagutformningens inverkan på bodelningsresultaten, och de något motstridiga syftena i propositionen med skydd för kvinnor å ena sidan och avtalsfriheten och enkelheten å andra sidan, problematiseras. Avsaknad av förfarandekrav anges som en möjlig anledning till kvinnors sämre ekonomiska situation. De kostnadsbesparingar som avsågs i förarbetena konstateras ha uteblivit. Kostnader har däremot uppkommit i samband med utdragna bodelningsprocesser som ofta drabbat svagare part.
Mot bakgrund av teorierna i uppsatsen befinns äktenskapet som en relation grundad på gemenskap där likadelningsregeln fortfarande och framgent fastslås som en viktig utjämningsfaktor vid skilsmässor. Likadelningsregeln får inte fullt genomslag med nuvarande regelverk, där mycket lämnas till makarna själva.
Slutsatsen är att det föreligger ett behov av en mer omfattande skyddslagstiftning kring bodelningsförfarandet eftersom bodelningens följder kan medföra stora ekonomiska konsekvenser för individen. (Less) - Abstract
- The current Marriage Code came into force in 1987. Partition of joint property due to divorce shall take place in accordance with its Chapter 9, Section 1. However, the rules of procedure are meager. This essay intends with a legal dogmatic method to examine the balance between protection legislation and free contract law in the partition of joint property regulation. Is there a need for increased protection for weaker parties in the process? The issues are based on a gender perspective to be able to examine how the legislation affects women and men respectively.
Initially, it is described how the partition of joint property legislation has historically originated in the ancient matrimonial asset which were shares in the joint estate, to... (More) - The current Marriage Code came into force in 1987. Partition of joint property due to divorce shall take place in accordance with its Chapter 9, Section 1. However, the rules of procedure are meager. This essay intends with a legal dogmatic method to examine the balance between protection legislation and free contract law in the partition of joint property regulation. Is there a need for increased protection for weaker parties in the process? The issues are based on a gender perspective to be able to examine how the legislation affects women and men respectively.
Initially, it is described how the partition of joint property legislation has historically originated in the ancient matrimonial asset which were shares in the joint estate, to the development in modern times with a deferred right to half of the spouses' joint property as a main rule. In the preparatory work for the Marriage Code, it is stated that this principle of equal division was retained as a protective measure to protect women's finances. The legislator sought at the same time that people could understand the law on their own and resolve their legal issues at no great cost.
The thesis states that more women than men at group level have a worse financial situation after the partition of joint property as compared to before the divorce. The analysis discusses the impact of the law design on the partition of joint property results, and the somewhat contradictory purposes of the bill with protection for women on the one hand and freedom of contract and simplicity on the other, are problematized. Lack of procedural requirements is stated as a possible reason for women's poorer financial situation. The cost savings referred to in the preparatory work are found to have been absent. Costs, on the other hand, have arisen in connection with protracted partition of joint property processes that have often affected weaker parties.
In the light of the theories in the essay, marriage is found as a relationship based on community where the rule of equal division still, and in the future, is established as an important equalization factor in divorces. The equal sharing rule does not have full effect with the current regulations, where much is left to the spouses themselves.The conclusion is that there is a need for more comprehensive protection legislation regarding the partition of joint property procedure, as the consequences of the division of property can have major financial consequences for the individual. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9081199
- author
- Johansson, Britta Elisabet LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20221
- year
- 2022
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- familjerätt
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9081199
- date added to LUP
- 2022-06-28 09:35:27
- date last changed
- 2022-06-28 09:35:27
@misc{9081199,
abstract = {{The current Marriage Code came into force in 1987. Partition of joint property due to divorce shall take place in accordance with its Chapter 9, Section 1. However, the rules of procedure are meager. This essay intends with a legal dogmatic method to examine the balance between protection legislation and free contract law in the partition of joint property regulation. Is there a need for increased protection for weaker parties in the process? The issues are based on a gender perspective to be able to examine how the legislation affects women and men respectively.
Initially, it is described how the partition of joint property legislation has historically originated in the ancient matrimonial asset which were shares in the joint estate, to the development in modern times with a deferred right to half of the spouses' joint property as a main rule. In the preparatory work for the Marriage Code, it is stated that this principle of equal division was retained as a protective measure to protect women's finances. The legislator sought at the same time that people could understand the law on their own and resolve their legal issues at no great cost.
The thesis states that more women than men at group level have a worse financial situation after the partition of joint property as compared to before the divorce. The analysis discusses the impact of the law design on the partition of joint property results, and the somewhat contradictory purposes of the bill with protection for women on the one hand and freedom of contract and simplicity on the other, are problematized. Lack of procedural requirements is stated as a possible reason for women's poorer financial situation. The cost savings referred to in the preparatory work are found to have been absent. Costs, on the other hand, have arisen in connection with protracted partition of joint property processes that have often affected weaker parties.
In the light of the theories in the essay, marriage is found as a relationship based on community where the rule of equal division still, and in the future, is established as an important equalization factor in divorces. The equal sharing rule does not have full effect with the current regulations, where much is left to the spouses themselves.The conclusion is that there is a need for more comprehensive protection legislation regarding the partition of joint property procedure, as the consequences of the division of property can have major financial consequences for the individual.}},
author = {{Johansson, Britta Elisabet}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Bodelning - en jämställd reglering? Avvägningen mellan skyddslagstiftning och fri avtalsrätt}},
year = {{2022}},
}