Quantum Computing in Nuclear Physics
(2022) FYSM60 20221Mathematical Physics
Department of Physics
- Abstract
- In this thesis, we investigate many–body systems using simulations of quan- tum computers. Quantum computing is a computational paradigm based on qubits which are defined in a Hilbert space instead of the familiar binary bits. This architecture implies that quantum computers are especially suited to simulate quantum systems that are otherwise difficult to compute. In this work, the excitation and time evolution of different kinds of many–body systems are considered. In particular, the manuscript is focused on electro- magnetic transitions and particle transfer reactions of light atomic nuclei such as the deuteron and triton. Nuclei are modeled using pion–less lat- tice effective field theory, which considers the chiral symmetry of the... (More)
- In this thesis, we investigate many–body systems using simulations of quan- tum computers. Quantum computing is a computational paradigm based on qubits which are defined in a Hilbert space instead of the familiar binary bits. This architecture implies that quantum computers are especially suited to simulate quantum systems that are otherwise difficult to compute. In this work, the excitation and time evolution of different kinds of many–body systems are considered. In particular, the manuscript is focused on electro- magnetic transitions and particle transfer reactions of light atomic nuclei such as the deuteron and triton. Nuclei are modeled using pion–less lat- tice effective field theory, which considers the chiral symmetry of the quan- tum chromodynamics Lagrangian in an expansion to construct an effective Hamiltonian. Different methods of time evolution on quantum computers are compared, such as the Linear Combinations of Unitary Operations or the Trotter–Suzuki methods. Additionally, different noise mitigation strate- gies are compared and results are shown to simulate the performance on realistic and noisy quantum computers. (Less)
- Popular Abstract
- Quantum computers and their applications received much attention in recent years. It became a hot topic and various newspaper articles can be found regarding it. Furthermore, public and private funding in the field has increased greatly in recent years. This is partly because IBM built a big quantum computer, which, if perfectly functioning, could solve many current unsolvable problems. An example within physics is the investigation of small nuclear reactions in fusion reactors. Such fusion reactors could solve the increasing energy problems society faces.
Nonetheless, there is much noise in quantum computers which limits the possibilities dramatically. Therefore, most applications of quantum computers are currently within the original... (More) - Quantum computers and their applications received much attention in recent years. It became a hot topic and various newspaper articles can be found regarding it. Furthermore, public and private funding in the field has increased greatly in recent years. This is partly because IBM built a big quantum computer, which, if perfectly functioning, could solve many current unsolvable problems. An example within physics is the investigation of small nuclear reactions in fusion reactors. Such fusion reactors could solve the increasing energy problems society faces.
Nonetheless, there is much noise in quantum computers which limits the possibilities dramatically. Therefore, most applications of quantum computers are currently within the original field of their creation, namely physics. Here, we investigate diverse physics problems within nuclear physics with different methods on quantum computer simulations.
One of the studied nuclear systems is the triton, which consists of a proton and two neutrons. Currently, the triton is the most complex studied nuclear system on a quantum computer. Due to the immense noise on quantum computers we introduce a new method, which potentially introduces less noise than state-of-the-art methods. However, this method requires pre knowledge of the system, which limits its applications. Additionally to the new method, we employ other strategies to deal with the mentioned noise on quantum computers. This work is a stepping stone, towards more important problems, like the previously mentioned example. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9084876
- author
- Bernecker, Luca LU
- supervisor
-
- Andrea Idini LU
- Peter Samuelsson LU
- organization
- course
- FYSM60 20221
- year
- 2022
- type
- H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
- subject
- keywords
- quantum computing, nuclear physics, qubits, theoretical physics
- language
- English
- id
- 9084876
- date added to LUP
- 2022-06-07 17:01:07
- date last changed
- 2022-06-07 17:01:07
@misc{9084876,
abstract = {{In this thesis, we investigate many–body systems using simulations of quan- tum computers. Quantum computing is a computational paradigm based on qubits which are defined in a Hilbert space instead of the familiar binary bits. This architecture implies that quantum computers are especially suited to simulate quantum systems that are otherwise difficult to compute. In this work, the excitation and time evolution of different kinds of many–body systems are considered. In particular, the manuscript is focused on electro- magnetic transitions and particle transfer reactions of light atomic nuclei such as the deuteron and triton. Nuclei are modeled using pion–less lat- tice effective field theory, which considers the chiral symmetry of the quan- tum chromodynamics Lagrangian in an expansion to construct an effective Hamiltonian. Different methods of time evolution on quantum computers are compared, such as the Linear Combinations of Unitary Operations or the Trotter–Suzuki methods. Additionally, different noise mitigation strate- gies are compared and results are shown to simulate the performance on realistic and noisy quantum computers.}},
author = {{Bernecker, Luca}},
language = {{eng}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Quantum Computing in Nuclear Physics}},
year = {{2022}},
}