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Gigarbete, arbetsskydd och arbetstagarpresumtionen i COM(2021)762

Sävenryd, Hedvig LU (2022) LAGF03 20222
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Gigekonomins snabba framfart har lett till oklarheter kring tillämpandet av arbetsskyddet för gigarbetare. Uppsatsens övergripande syfte är att analysera gigarbetares möjlighet till arbetsskydd enligt svensk lag utifrån arbetstagarbegreppets omfattning. I EU-direktivet COM(2021) 762 art. 4 föreslås en presumtion för att personer vilka utför plattformsarbete, och utsätts för kontroll av plattformen, ska presumeras vara arbetstagare och därmed tillgodoses med det skydd vilket följer av att vara arbetstagare. I uppsatsen analyseras de materiella konsekvenserna för den svenska arbetsrätten av en sådan presumtion.

Arbetstagarbegreppet får i Sverige sitt innehåll från tolkande domstolsavgöranden. Jag undersöker gigarbetares möjlighet att... (More)
Gigekonomins snabba framfart har lett till oklarheter kring tillämpandet av arbetsskyddet för gigarbetare. Uppsatsens övergripande syfte är att analysera gigarbetares möjlighet till arbetsskydd enligt svensk lag utifrån arbetstagarbegreppets omfattning. I EU-direktivet COM(2021) 762 art. 4 föreslås en presumtion för att personer vilka utför plattformsarbete, och utsätts för kontroll av plattformen, ska presumeras vara arbetstagare och därmed tillgodoses med det skydd vilket följer av att vara arbetstagare. I uppsatsen analyseras de materiella konsekvenserna för den svenska arbetsrätten av en sådan presumtion.

Arbetstagarbegreppet får i Sverige sitt innehåll från tolkande domstolsavgöranden. Jag undersöker gigarbetares möjlighet att innefattas i arbetstagarbegreppet genom praxis och de faktiska omständigheterna rörande plattformarnas kontroll över typiskt gigarbete. Eftersom principerna som utvecklats i praxis värderar omständigheter vilka inte är typiska för gigarbetare finner jag att möjligheten är liten och att det därför inte kan antas att gigarbetare kommer inkluderas i det svenska arbetstagarbegreppet.

Gigarbetare är därmed ansedda att vara egenföretagare. Uppsatsen analyserar huruvida gigarbetare i egenskap av egenanställda har en möjlighet att ingå kollektivavtal. Gränsdragningen mellan rätten att ingå kollektivavtal och tillämpningsområdet för konkurrenslagar cirkulerar kring juridiska begrepp. Uppsatsen konstaterar att det svenska begreppet för undantag från tillämpningsområdet för konkurrenslagen är vidare än det EU-rättsliga. Jag anser att det inte kan uteslutas att gigarbetare har rätten att ingå kollektivavtal, men omständigheter rörande organiseringen av arbete skapar praktiska problem att ingå och organisera för avtalen.

Genom arbetstagarpresumtionen som föreslås i COM(2021) 762 kommer utgångspunkten för gigarbetare förändras och svenska arbetsskyddslagar kommer att bli tillämpliga. Detta leder till en ny definition av relationen mellan plattform och plattformsarbetare och nya skyldigheter för plattformar i och med att de anses vara arbetsgivare. (Less)
Abstract
The gig economy’s quick progression has led to uncertainties regarding the labour protection of gig workers. This essay’s aim is to overall analyse gig workers possibility to be included within the scope of application of Swedish worker’s rights laws through the amplitude of the legal term employee. The EU directive COM(2021) 762 (called the platform directive) art. 4 proposes that people performing platform work, while the labour platform is controlling the work, shall be legally presumed to be in an employment relationship and therefore be given the legal protection employees have. This essay analyses the material consequences of such a presumption for the Swedish labour law.

In Sweden case law constitutes the definition of an... (More)
The gig economy’s quick progression has led to uncertainties regarding the labour protection of gig workers. This essay’s aim is to overall analyse gig workers possibility to be included within the scope of application of Swedish worker’s rights laws through the amplitude of the legal term employee. The EU directive COM(2021) 762 (called the platform directive) art. 4 proposes that people performing platform work, while the labour platform is controlling the work, shall be legally presumed to be in an employment relationship and therefore be given the legal protection employees have. This essay analyses the material consequences of such a presumption for the Swedish labour law.

In Sweden case law constitutes the definition of an employee. Gig workers have not in any court case been included in the scope of the word employment. I investigate the possibility for gig workers to be part of the definition through analysing case law and the circumstances regarding the platforms control in a typical gig work. Since the guidelines and principles developed in case law in many ways uses circumstances that are non-typical for gig workers, I find the possibility small and therefore it can’t be assumed that gig workers will be included in the Swedish scope of the word employee.

Gig workers are therefore considered self-employees. The essay analyses whether gig workers as self-employees have the right to be a part of collective agreements. The demarcation between the right to be part of collective agreements and competition law is centred in different legal terms. The essay ascertains that the Swedish legal term giving the right for collective agreement is wider than the EU legal term. I find that gig workers right to enter collective agreements can’t be ruled out, but circumstances regarding the way of working creates practical issues regarding entering and organizing for such an agreement.

Through the presumption in art. 4 COM(2021) 762 the legal starting point for gig workers change and Swedish labour laws will be applicable. This constitutes a new definition of the relationship between platform and platform worker and new obligations for the platforms because of them being an employer. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Sävenryd, Hedvig LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20222
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Arbetsrätt, Gigekonomi, plattformsarbete, plattformsdirektivet.
language
Swedish
id
9104333
date added to LUP
2023-02-03 16:40:20
date last changed
2023-02-03 16:40:20
@misc{9104333,
  abstract     = {{The gig economy’s quick progression has led to uncertainties regarding the labour protection of gig workers. This essay’s aim is to overall analyse gig workers possibility to be included within the scope of application of Swedish worker’s rights laws through the amplitude of the legal term employee. The EU directive COM(2021) 762 (called the platform directive) art. 4 proposes that people performing platform work, while the labour platform is controlling the work, shall be legally presumed to be in an employment relationship and therefore be given the legal protection employees have. This essay analyses the material consequences of such a presumption for the Swedish labour law.

In Sweden case law constitutes the definition of an employee. Gig workers have not in any court case been included in the scope of the word employment. I investigate the possibility for gig workers to be part of the definition through analysing case law and the circumstances regarding the platforms control in a typical gig work. Since the guidelines and principles developed in case law in many ways uses circumstances that are non-typical for gig workers, I find the possibility small and therefore it can’t be assumed that gig workers will be included in the Swedish scope of the word employee. 

Gig workers are therefore considered self-employees. The essay analyses whether gig workers as self-employees have the right to be a part of collective agreements. The demarcation between the right to be part of collective agreements and competition law is centred in different legal terms. The essay ascertains that the Swedish legal term giving the right for collective agreement is wider than the EU legal term. I find that gig workers right to enter collective agreements can’t be ruled out, but circumstances regarding the way of working creates practical issues regarding entering and organizing for such an agreement.

Through the presumption in art. 4 COM(2021) 762 the legal starting point for gig workers change and Swedish labour laws will be applicable. This constitutes a new definition of the relationship between platform and platform worker and new obligations for the platforms because of them being an employer.}},
  author       = {{Sävenryd, Hedvig}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Gigarbete, arbetsskydd och arbetstagarpresumtionen i COM(2021)762}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}