Anonyma vittnen - ett slag i luften?
(2022) LAGF03 20222Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Anonyma vittnen har diskuterats under relativt lång tid i Sverige och debatten har blossat upp och fått mycket uppmärksamhet den senaste tiden till följd av den ökning av gängrelaterat våld som skett runt om i Sverige. Idag tillåts inte anonyma vittnen i den svenska rättsordningen men detta kommer sannolikt att ändras. Tidöavtalet anger att anonyma vittnen ska införas och den 19 december 2022 beslutade regeringen att ge en särskild utredare i uppdrag att utreda och ge förslag på hur ett system med anonyma vittnen ska utformas. Uppdraget ska redovisas under hösten 2023. Enligt regeringen och dess samarbetsparti är införandet av anonyma vittnen en åtgärd för att öka lagföringen av gängrelaterade brott samt bryta tystnadskulturen inom de... (More)
- Anonyma vittnen har diskuterats under relativt lång tid i Sverige och debatten har blossat upp och fått mycket uppmärksamhet den senaste tiden till följd av den ökning av gängrelaterat våld som skett runt om i Sverige. Idag tillåts inte anonyma vittnen i den svenska rättsordningen men detta kommer sannolikt att ändras. Tidöavtalet anger att anonyma vittnen ska införas och den 19 december 2022 beslutade regeringen att ge en särskild utredare i uppdrag att utreda och ge förslag på hur ett system med anonyma vittnen ska utformas. Uppdraget ska redovisas under hösten 2023. Enligt regeringen och dess samarbetsparti är införandet av anonyma vittnen en åtgärd för att öka lagföringen av gängrelaterade brott samt bryta tystnadskulturen inom de kriminella nätverken. Det föranleder frågan om anonyma vittnen kan ge den förväntade effekten.
Syftet med uppsatsen är att belysa konflikten mellan att utforma regleringen av anonyma vittnen på ett rättssäkert sätt och samtidigt utforma den så att regleringen får ett effektivt genomslag avseende lagföring av gängkriminalitet. Införandet av anonyma vittnen påverkar grundläggande straffrättsliga principer och rättighetsgarantier. Uppsatsen går igenom vilka dessa principer och garantier är och hur de påverkas av införandet av anonyma vittnen. Effektiv lagföring och brottsbekämpning är ett centralt och viktigt syfte i straffprocessen. Uppsatsen utreder vilka situationer som anonyma vittnen kan komma att användas vid lagföring och om regleringen kan få ett effektivt genomslag i praktiken.
Uppsatsens frågeställningar besvaras och syftet förverkligas genom tillämpning av en rättsdogmatisk och rättsanalytisk metod samt genom applicerandet av ett rättssäkerhets- och effektivitetsperspektiv. Uppsatsen förhåller sig kritisk till om anonyma vittnen verkligen kommer leda till ökad lagföring och framför allt om det kommer att bryta tystnadskulturen inom de kriminella nätverken. Uppsatsens slutsats är att motsättningarna mellan rättssäkerhet och effektivitet är för stora avseende regleringen av anonyma vittnen och att det således inte är möjligt eller åtminstone ytterst svårt att utforma en reglering som inte underminerar rättssäkerheten i för hög grad och samtidigt är effektiv. (Less) - Abstract
- Anonymous witnesses have been discussed during a relatively long time in Sweden and recently, the debate has flared up and gotten a lot of attention due to the increase of gang-related violence in Sweden. Anonymous witnesses are not permitted in the Swedish legal system today but that is likely to change. The agreement between the Swedish government and The Swedish Democrats party, the so called “Tidöavtalet”, states that anonymous witnesses shall be implemented. On the 19 December 2022, the Swedish government took the decision to give a special investigator the assignment to investigate and give a suggestion to how the system with anonymous witnesses should be designed. The assignment shall be presented during the fall in 2023. According... (More)
- Anonymous witnesses have been discussed during a relatively long time in Sweden and recently, the debate has flared up and gotten a lot of attention due to the increase of gang-related violence in Sweden. Anonymous witnesses are not permitted in the Swedish legal system today but that is likely to change. The agreement between the Swedish government and The Swedish Democrats party, the so called “Tidöavtalet”, states that anonymous witnesses shall be implemented. On the 19 December 2022, the Swedish government took the decision to give a special investigator the assignment to investigate and give a suggestion to how the system with anonymous witnesses should be designed. The assignment shall be presented during the fall in 2023. According to the Swedish government and The Swedish Democrats party, anonymous witnesses are a measure to increase the prosecution of gang- related crime and break the culture of silence within the criminal networks. This raises the question of whether anonymous witnesses can give that effect.
The purpose of the essay is to highlight the conflict between designing the regulation of anonymous witnesses and not undermining the legal certainty, and at the same time designing it so that the regulation has an effective impact regarding the prosecution of gang crime. The implementation of anonymous witnesses affect basic criminal law principles and rights that guarantees the legal certainty. The essay goes through what these principles and guarantees are and how they are affected by the implementation of anonymous witnesses. Effective prosecution and law enforcement is a central and important purpose of the criminal process. The essay investigates in which situations anonymous witnesses can be used in the prosecution and whether the regulation can have an effective impact in practice.
The essay's questions are answered, and the purpose realized through the application of a legal-dogmatic and legal-analytic method and through the application of a legal certainty- and efficiency perspective. The essay is critical of whether anonymous witnesses will lead to an increase in prosecutions and especially whether it will break the culture of silence within the criminal networks. The conclusion of the essay is that the contradictions between legal certainty and efficiency are too great in relation to the regulation of anonymous witnesses. Therefore, it is not possible, or at least extremely difficult, to design a regulation that does not undermine legal certainty too much and is effective at the same time. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9104875
- author
- Lindell Prytz, Moa LU
- supervisor
-
- My Bergius LU
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20222
- year
- 2022
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- Anonyma vittnen, rättssäkerhet, straffprocessrätt, Tidöavtalet, gängkriminalitet, processrätt, straffrätt
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9104875
- date added to LUP
- 2023-02-03 16:27:22
- date last changed
- 2023-02-03 16:27:22
@misc{9104875,
abstract = {{Anonymous witnesses have been discussed during a relatively long time in Sweden and recently, the debate has flared up and gotten a lot of attention due to the increase of gang-related violence in Sweden. Anonymous witnesses are not permitted in the Swedish legal system today but that is likely to change. The agreement between the Swedish government and The Swedish Democrats party, the so called “Tidöavtalet”, states that anonymous witnesses shall be implemented. On the 19 December 2022, the Swedish government took the decision to give a special investigator the assignment to investigate and give a suggestion to how the system with anonymous witnesses should be designed. The assignment shall be presented during the fall in 2023. According to the Swedish government and The Swedish Democrats party, anonymous witnesses are a measure to increase the prosecution of gang- related crime and break the culture of silence within the criminal networks. This raises the question of whether anonymous witnesses can give that effect.
The purpose of the essay is to highlight the conflict between designing the regulation of anonymous witnesses and not undermining the legal certainty, and at the same time designing it so that the regulation has an effective impact regarding the prosecution of gang crime. The implementation of anonymous witnesses affect basic criminal law principles and rights that guarantees the legal certainty. The essay goes through what these principles and guarantees are and how they are affected by the implementation of anonymous witnesses. Effective prosecution and law enforcement is a central and important purpose of the criminal process. The essay investigates in which situations anonymous witnesses can be used in the prosecution and whether the regulation can have an effective impact in practice.
The essay's questions are answered, and the purpose realized through the application of a legal-dogmatic and legal-analytic method and through the application of a legal certainty- and efficiency perspective. The essay is critical of whether anonymous witnesses will lead to an increase in prosecutions and especially whether it will break the culture of silence within the criminal networks. The conclusion of the essay is that the contradictions between legal certainty and efficiency are too great in relation to the regulation of anonymous witnesses. Therefore, it is not possible, or at least extremely difficult, to design a regulation that does not undermine legal certainty too much and is effective at the same time.}},
author = {{Lindell Prytz, Moa}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Anonyma vittnen - ett slag i luften?}},
year = {{2022}},
}