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Tvingande hänsyn till ett allmänintresse vid offentlig upphandling

Jonasson, Gabriel LU (2022) LAGF03 20222
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Offentlig upphandling används som ett sätt för EU att uppnå målet med en
inre marknad. Inom denna inre marknad är det viktigt att det råder en fri
konkurrens mellan medlemsstaterna. Medlemsstaterna ska aktivt arbeta för
att motverka inskränkningar av den fria rörligheten inom marknaden. Det
finns flera lagar i Sverige rörande offentlig upphandling som bygger på olika
EU-direktiv. Vilken lag som ska tillämpas beror på vad som ska upphandlas.
För att komma till rätta med problematiken kring otillåten direktupphandling
ålade EU medlemsstaterna att införa ett förfarande i nationell rätt som kunde
ogiltigförklara avtal som bröt mot upphandlingslagstiftningen.
Medlemsstaterna gavs även möjlighet att låta ett fristående... (More)
Offentlig upphandling används som ett sätt för EU att uppnå målet med en
inre marknad. Inom denna inre marknad är det viktigt att det råder en fri
konkurrens mellan medlemsstaterna. Medlemsstaterna ska aktivt arbeta för
att motverka inskränkningar av den fria rörligheten inom marknaden. Det
finns flera lagar i Sverige rörande offentlig upphandling som bygger på olika
EU-direktiv. Vilken lag som ska tillämpas beror på vad som ska upphandlas.
För att komma till rätta med problematiken kring otillåten direktupphandling
ålade EU medlemsstaterna att införa ett förfarande i nationell rätt som kunde
ogiltigförklara avtal som bröt mot upphandlingslagstiftningen.
Medlemsstaterna gavs även möjlighet att låta ett fristående prövningsorgan
pröva om det fanns omständigheter som skulle kunna medföra att avtalet fick
bestå trots att förutsättningarna för ogiltighet förelåg. För att avtalet skulle
kunna få bestå skulle det föreligga tvingande hänsyn till ett allmänintresse.
Hur tvingande hänsyn till ett allmänintresse skulle tolkas framgick dock
varken av direktivet eller av den svenska lagstiftningen. Syftet med uppsatsen
är därför att undersöka hur begreppet ska tolkas. För att knyta an till det
aktuella världsläget undersöker uppsatsen främst situationen då allmän och
nationell säkerhet anges som ett allmänintresse.
Att låta avtal som har förutsättningar för att bli ogiltigförklarade bestå i
upphandlingssituationer är ett förfarande som inskränker den fria rörligheten
på den inre marknaden. Medlemsstaterna har överlåtit kompetens på många
områden till EU. Nationell säkerhet är dock ett område som fortfarande är
medlemsstaternas eget ansvar. Det uppkommer härav frågor kring var
gränsen mellan friheterna kopplade till den inre marknaden och
medlemsstaternas rätt till nationell säkerhet går.
Uppsatsens slutsats är att det inte finns några klara situationer där tvingande
hänsyn till ett allmänintresse kan anges som grund för att låta ett avtal bestå
trots att det föreligger omständigheter för avtalets ogiltighet. Nationell
säkerhet förefaller dock vara en sådan grund som väger tungt. Av största vikt
är att åtgärden verkligen är nödvändig för att trygga allmänintresset och att den
är proportionerlig. (Less)
Abstract
Public procurement is used as a means for the EU to achieve the goal of a
single market. Within this single market, there must be free competition
between Member States. Member States shall actively work to counter
restrictions to free movement within the market. In Sweden, there are several
laws regarding public procurement that are based on EU directives. Which
law is to be applied depends on what it is that is to be procured.
To address the problem of illegal direct award of contracts, the EU required
Member States to introduce a procedure in national law that could invalidate
contracts that infringed procurement law. Member States were also given the
option of having an independent review body examine whether there... (More)
Public procurement is used as a means for the EU to achieve the goal of a
single market. Within this single market, there must be free competition
between Member States. Member States shall actively work to counter
restrictions to free movement within the market. In Sweden, there are several
laws regarding public procurement that are based on EU directives. Which
law is to be applied depends on what it is that is to be procured.
To address the problem of illegal direct award of contracts, the EU required
Member States to introduce a procedure in national law that could invalidate
contracts that infringed procurement law. Member States were also given the
option of having an independent review body examine whether there were
circumstances that would allow the agreement to continue. For the contract
to be able to continue, there must be overriding reasons of general interest.
However, the interpretation of overriding reasons of general interest is not
clear from either the Directive or Swedish legislation. The purpose of the
thesis is therefore to try to bring clarity to how it should be interpreted. To tie
in with the current world situation, the thesis examines the situation when
public and national security is stated as the general interest.
The persistence of contracts that have the potential to be annulled in
procurement situations is a practice that restricts free movement on the single
market. Member States have transferred competence in many areas to the EU.
However, national security is an area that remains the responsibility of the
Member States themselves. Questions arise as to where the line between the
freedoms of the single market and the Member States' right to national
security lies.
The thesis concludes that there are no clear situations in which overriding
reasons of general interest can be cited as a basis for maintaining a contract.
National security, however, appears to be one such ground that is stronger
compared to others. Furthermore, it is of the utmost importance that the
measures are genuinely necessary to safeguard the general interest and that
they are proportionate. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Jonasson, Gabriel LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20222
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Förvaltningsrätt, Offentlig upphandling
language
Swedish
id
9105157
date added to LUP
2023-02-03 16:23:00
date last changed
2023-02-03 16:23:00
@misc{9105157,
  abstract     = {{Public procurement is used as a means for the EU to achieve the goal of a 
single market. Within this single market, there must be free competition 
between Member States. Member States shall actively work to counter 
restrictions to free movement within the market. In Sweden, there are several 
laws regarding public procurement that are based on EU directives. Which 
law is to be applied depends on what it is that is to be procured. 
To address the problem of illegal direct award of contracts, the EU required 
Member States to introduce a procedure in national law that could invalidate 
contracts that infringed procurement law. Member States were also given the 
option of having an independent review body examine whether there were 
circumstances that would allow the agreement to continue. For the contract 
to be able to continue, there must be overriding reasons of general interest. 
However, the interpretation of overriding reasons of general interest is not 
clear from either the Directive or Swedish legislation. The purpose of the 
thesis is therefore to try to bring clarity to how it should be interpreted. To tie 
in with the current world situation, the thesis examines the situation when 
public and national security is stated as the general interest. 
The persistence of contracts that have the potential to be annulled in 
procurement situations is a practice that restricts free movement on the single
market. Member States have transferred competence in many areas to the EU. 
However, national security is an area that remains the responsibility of the 
Member States themselves. Questions arise as to where the line between the 
freedoms of the single market and the Member States' right to national 
security lies. 
The thesis concludes that there are no clear situations in which overriding 
reasons of general interest can be cited as a basis for maintaining a contract. 
National security, however, appears to be one such ground that is stronger 
compared to others. Furthermore, it is of the utmost importance that the 
measures are genuinely necessary to safeguard the general interest and that 
they are proportionate.}},
  author       = {{Jonasson, Gabriel}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Tvingande hänsyn till ett allmänintresse vid offentlig upphandling}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}