Sökandet efter den allmänna passivitetsprincipen
(2022) LAGF03 20222Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Uppsatsen ställer sig frågan om en allmän passivitetsprincip existerar inom svensk rätt. En fråga som har diskuterats av verksamma jurister i årtionden men som blivit alltmer aktuell på senare tid till följd av HD:s intensiva behandling av passivitetsspörsmålet.
Inom svensk rätt råder avtalsfrihet med utgångspunkten att en part enbart blir bunden genom aktivt handlande. Dock finns det undantag till denna huvudregel, nämligen att passivitet tillsammans med åsidosättande av avtalsrättsliga principer vad gäller reklamation- eller preskription riskerar att leda till s.k. passivitetsverkan. Passivitet definieras som en form av underlåtenhet till förväntat handlande och kan resultera i både rättsförluster, avtalsbundenhet och ändring av avtal.... (More) - Uppsatsen ställer sig frågan om en allmän passivitetsprincip existerar inom svensk rätt. En fråga som har diskuterats av verksamma jurister i årtionden men som blivit alltmer aktuell på senare tid till följd av HD:s intensiva behandling av passivitetsspörsmålet.
Inom svensk rätt råder avtalsfrihet med utgångspunkten att en part enbart blir bunden genom aktivt handlande. Dock finns det undantag till denna huvudregel, nämligen att passivitet tillsammans med åsidosättande av avtalsrättsliga principer vad gäller reklamation- eller preskription riskerar att leda till s.k. passivitetsverkan. Passivitet definieras som en form av underlåtenhet till förväntat handlande och kan resultera i både rättsförluster, avtalsbundenhet och ändring av avtal. Detta framgår dels genom doktrinen på området och till viss del av den skrivna rätten, som reglerar särskilda situationer där passivitet kan få rättslig inverkan. Någon självständig allmän passivitetsprincip går däremot inte att utläsa ur doktrinen eller den skrivna rätten.
Äldre praxis är i samklang med doktrinen, passiviteten får rättsverkan i symbios med allmänna principer kring reklamation- eller preskription. Men förändring är HD:s glädje. Domstolen har i ett antal centrala rättsfall på senare tid tenderat att ta andra faktorer i beaktande i sina bedömningar kring passivitetsverkan. Med hjälp av uppsatsens analys framträder en allmän passivitetsprincip ur domstolens senaste praxis, grundat i framträdande lojalitetsskäl.
Slutsatsen är att de nu föreligger en självständig allmän passivitetsprincip som inte grundar sig i tillämpning av någon reklamations- eller preskriptionsskyldighet. Principen tar istället avstamp ur lojalitetsskäl kring en skyldighet om lojal samverkan i avtalsförhållandet, där en part med insikt om sin meddelandeplikt inte kan förhålla sig passiv gentemot motparten. Den allmänna passivitetsprincipen kan få betydelse ur flera hänseenden, dels kan den leda till avtalsbundenhet eller få betydelse för att fastställa ett avtalsinnehåll, men kan även leda till att en avtalspart förlorar rätten att göra sina anspråk gällande. (Less) - Abstract (Swedish)
- This essay raises the question as to whether a general principle of passivity exists within the Swedish law. This is a question that has been discussed by practicing lawyers for decades, but which has become increasingly relevant recently as a result of HD's intensive treatment of the passivity issue.
Within the Swedish law, freedom of contract prevails with the premise that a party only becomes bound through active action. However, there is an exception to this main rule, namely that passivity together with disregard of contractual principles regarding complaints or prescription risks leading to a so-called passivity effect. Passivity is defined as a form of failure to act as expected and can result in both loss of rights, contractual... (More) - This essay raises the question as to whether a general principle of passivity exists within the Swedish law. This is a question that has been discussed by practicing lawyers for decades, but which has become increasingly relevant recently as a result of HD's intensive treatment of the passivity issue.
Within the Swedish law, freedom of contract prevails with the premise that a party only becomes bound through active action. However, there is an exception to this main rule, namely that passivity together with disregard of contractual principles regarding complaints or prescription risks leading to a so-called passivity effect. Passivity is defined as a form of failure to act as expected and can result in both loss of rights, contractual obligations and changes to agreements. This is evident partly through the doctrine in the area and to some extent the written law, which regulates special situations where passivity can have a legal impact. However, no independent general principle of passivity can be deduced from the doctrine or the written law.
Older practice is in harmony with the doctrine, the passivity gains legal effect in symbiosis with general principles regarding reclamation or prescription. But change is HD's joy. In a number of key legal cases recently, the court has tended to take other factors into account in its assessments of the effect of passivity. With the help of the essay's analysis, a general principle of passivity emerges from the court's recent practice, based on salient reasons of loyalty.
The conclusion is that they now have an independent general principle of passivity which is not based on the application of any complaint or prescription obligation. Instead, the principle is based on reasons of loyalty regarding an obligation of loyal cooperation in the contractual relationship, where a party with awareness of its obligation to notify cannot be passive towards the other party. The general principle of passivity can be important in several respects, on the one hand it can lead to contractual obligations or play an important role in determining the content of the contract, but it can also lead to a party to the contract losing the right to assert its claims. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9105208
- author
- Net, Samuel LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20222
- year
- 2022
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- Avtalsrätt
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9105208
- date added to LUP
- 2023-02-03 16:30:58
- date last changed
- 2023-02-03 16:30:58
@misc{9105208,
abstract = {{This essay raises the question as to whether a general principle of passivity exists within the Swedish law. This is a question that has been discussed by practicing lawyers for decades, but which has become increasingly relevant recently as a result of HD's intensive treatment of the passivity issue.
Within the Swedish law, freedom of contract prevails with the premise that a party only becomes bound through active action. However, there is an exception to this main rule, namely that passivity together with disregard of contractual principles regarding complaints or prescription risks leading to a so-called passivity effect. Passivity is defined as a form of failure to act as expected and can result in both loss of rights, contractual obligations and changes to agreements. This is evident partly through the doctrine in the area and to some extent the written law, which regulates special situations where passivity can have a legal impact. However, no independent general principle of passivity can be deduced from the doctrine or the written law.
Older practice is in harmony with the doctrine, the passivity gains legal effect in symbiosis with general principles regarding reclamation or prescription. But change is HD's joy. In a number of key legal cases recently, the court has tended to take other factors into account in its assessments of the effect of passivity. With the help of the essay's analysis, a general principle of passivity emerges from the court's recent practice, based on salient reasons of loyalty.
The conclusion is that they now have an independent general principle of passivity which is not based on the application of any complaint or prescription obligation. Instead, the principle is based on reasons of loyalty regarding an obligation of loyal cooperation in the contractual relationship, where a party with awareness of its obligation to notify cannot be passive towards the other party. The general principle of passivity can be important in several respects, on the one hand it can lead to contractual obligations or play an important role in determining the content of the contract, but it can also lead to a party to the contract losing the right to assert its claims.}},
author = {{Net, Samuel}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Sökandet efter den allmänna passivitetsprincipen}},
year = {{2022}},
}