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Framingeffekter och bias i brottsbedömningar: en vinjettstudie om hur positiv och negativ framing påverkar bedömning av skuld

Johansson, Beatrice LU ; Hjelte, Olivia LU and Nilsson, Astrid LU (2023) PSYK11 20222
Department of Psychology
Abstract
This study has the purpose to investigate how individuals’ perception of
crime, victimhood and guilt is influenced by framing effects and cognitive
bias. The paper set out to evaluate these effects through the theories of ideal
victims, victim blaming and just world theory. The study's two hypotheses
were therefore that (1) a positive framing and a less ideal victim of the
crime scenario would lead to a more favorable evaluation of the
perpetrator's action and vice versa, and (2) that different gender
constellations would result in different extents of framing effect due to
prejudices regarding ideal victims and gender bias. With that said, in order
to examine the effects of framing, gender bias, and ideal victimhood on
... (More)
This study has the purpose to investigate how individuals’ perception of
crime, victimhood and guilt is influenced by framing effects and cognitive
bias. The paper set out to evaluate these effects through the theories of ideal
victims, victim blaming and just world theory. The study's two hypotheses
were therefore that (1) a positive framing and a less ideal victim of the
crime scenario would lead to a more favorable evaluation of the
perpetrator's action and vice versa, and (2) that different gender
constellations would result in different extents of framing effect due to
prejudices regarding ideal victims and gender bias. With that said, in order
to examine the effects of framing, gender bias, and ideal victimhood on
individuals' evaluations of criminal offenses, a vignette study of mixed
design was conducted. By having 215 participants, recruited through social
media, read two vignettes describing a fictional assault scenario and then
respond to a survey about the vignettes, we measured assessments, memory
aspects, and estimation of guilt in the specific scenario. There were a total
of eight possible vignettes, four with positive framing and four with
negative framing, in which the gender composition of the perpetrator and
victim varied. The results of the study were analyzed both qualitatively and
quantitatively, through Chi²-tests, variance analysis and thematic analysis.
The study results show that there is a main effect of framing as well as
variance regarding the gender compositions, which show support for the
hypotheses and falls in line with previous research. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur individers uppfattning om brott, offerskap och skuld påverkas av framingseffekter och kognitiva bias. Uppsatsen syftade till att utvärdera dessa effekter med avstamp i teorier om idealiska offer, victim blaming och just world theory. Studiens två hypoteser var följaktligen att (1) en positiv framing samt ett mindre idealt offer av brottsscenariot skulle leda till en mer fördelaktig värdering av gärningspersonens handling och tvärtom, samt att (2) olika könskonstellationer skulle resultera i olika utsträckning av framingeffekt på grund av fördomar angående ideala offer och könsbias. Med det sagt, för att undersöka effekterna av inramning, genusbias och idealt offerskap på individers bedömningar... (More)
Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur individers uppfattning om brott, offerskap och skuld påverkas av framingseffekter och kognitiva bias. Uppsatsen syftade till att utvärdera dessa effekter med avstamp i teorier om idealiska offer, victim blaming och just world theory. Studiens två hypoteser var följaktligen att (1) en positiv framing samt ett mindre idealt offer av brottsscenariot skulle leda till en mer fördelaktig värdering av gärningspersonens handling och tvärtom, samt att (2) olika könskonstellationer skulle resultera i olika utsträckning av framingeffekt på grund av fördomar angående ideala offer och könsbias. Med det sagt, för att undersöka effekterna av inramning, genusbias och idealt offerskap på individers bedömningar av brott, genomfördes en vinjettstudie av blandad design. Genom att låta 215 deltagare, rekryterade via sociala medier, läsa två vinjetter som beskriver ett fiktivt brottsscenario och sedan svara på en enkät om vinjetterna, mättes deltagarnas värderingar, minnen och bedömningar av skuld i de specifika scenariona. Det fanns totalt åtta möjliga vinjetter, fyra med positiv framing och fyra med negativ framing, där könskonstellationen på gärningspersonen och offret varierade. Resultaten av studien analyserades både kvalitativt och kvantitativt, genom Chi²-test, variansanalys och tematisk analys. Studieresultaten visar att det finns en huvudeffekt av inramning samt varians vad gäller könskonstellationerna vilket visar (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Johansson, Beatrice LU ; Hjelte, Olivia LU and Nilsson, Astrid LU
supervisor
organization
course
PSYK11 20222
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
framingeffekter, ideala offer, kognitiva bias, könsbias, framing effects, ideal victims, cognitive biases, gender biases
language
Swedish
id
9107758
date added to LUP
2023-01-23 16:56:41
date last changed
2023-01-23 16:56:41
@misc{9107758,
  abstract     = {{This study has the purpose to investigate how individuals’ perception of
crime, victimhood and guilt is influenced by framing effects and cognitive
bias. The paper set out to evaluate these effects through the theories of ideal
victims, victim blaming and just world theory. The study's two hypotheses
were therefore that (1) a positive framing and a less ideal victim of the
crime scenario would lead to a more favorable evaluation of the
perpetrator's action and vice versa, and (2) that different gender
constellations would result in different extents of framing effect due to
prejudices regarding ideal victims and gender bias. With that said, in order
to examine the effects of framing, gender bias, and ideal victimhood on
individuals' evaluations of criminal offenses, a vignette study of mixed
design was conducted. By having 215 participants, recruited through social
media, read two vignettes describing a fictional assault scenario and then
respond to a survey about the vignettes, we measured assessments, memory
aspects, and estimation of guilt in the specific scenario. There were a total
of eight possible vignettes, four with positive framing and four with
negative framing, in which the gender composition of the perpetrator and
victim varied. The results of the study were analyzed both qualitatively and
quantitatively, through Chi²-tests, variance analysis and thematic analysis.
The study results show that there is a main effect of framing as well as
variance regarding the gender compositions, which show support for the
hypotheses and falls in line with previous research.}},
  author       = {{Johansson, Beatrice and Hjelte, Olivia and Nilsson, Astrid}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Framingeffekter och bias i brottsbedömningar: en vinjettstudie om hur positiv och negativ framing påverkar bedömning av skuld}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}