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LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Avtalsingående genom smarta kontrakt

Strauss, Gustaf LU (2023) HARH13 20222
Department of Business Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Blockkedje-teknologin har skapat ett nytt verktyg för avtalsingående, så kallade smarta kontrakt. Smarta kontrakt möjliggör decentraliserade, digitala och autonoma avtal som exekveras av sig själva när ett antal parametrar är uppfyllda. En grundläggande fråga är om avtal enligt svensk rätt kan ingås på detta sätt. Av denna anledning ställer uppsatsen frågan om huruvida smarta kontrakt uppfyller förutsättningarna för bindande avtal enligt avtalsrätten och i så fall när?

Utredningen av smarta kontrakts möjlighet att vara ett bindande avtal utgår från två olika modeller. Den första modellen är den traditionella anbud-accept modellen. Den bygger på tillitsteorin och kräver att motparten med fog har utgått från att det föreligger en... (More)
Blockkedje-teknologin har skapat ett nytt verktyg för avtalsingående, så kallade smarta kontrakt. Smarta kontrakt möjliggör decentraliserade, digitala och autonoma avtal som exekveras av sig själva när ett antal parametrar är uppfyllda. En grundläggande fråga är om avtal enligt svensk rätt kan ingås på detta sätt. Av denna anledning ställer uppsatsen frågan om huruvida smarta kontrakt uppfyller förutsättningarna för bindande avtal enligt avtalsrätten och i så fall när?

Utredningen av smarta kontrakts möjlighet att vara ett bindande avtal utgår från två olika modeller. Den första modellen är den traditionella anbud-accept modellen. Den bygger på tillitsteorin och kräver att motparten med fog har utgått från att det föreligger en rättshandlingsvilja hos den som ifrågasätts ha avgivit ett anbud. Den andra modellen utgår från att avtal kan grundas på andra avtalsgrundande rättsfakta, det vill säga andra grunder än anbud och accepter eller viljeförklaringar. Denna modell tar hänsyn till alla potentiellt avtalsgrundande situationer som inte omfattas av anbud-accept modellen. Båda dessa modeller är relevanta vid utredningen av smarta kontrakts möjlighet att vara bindande avtal, eftersom de ger olika perspektiv på hur avtal kan ingås och vad som krävs för att det ska vara bindande. Genom att beakta båda modellerna kan man få en mer heltäckande bild av hur smarta kontrakt kan användas och vad som krävs för att de ska vara bindande enligt svensk rätt.

Svensk avtalsrätt möjliggör för parterna att välja hur de vill ingå avtal och slutsatsen i min uppsats är att smarta kontrakt kan utgöra bindande avtal enligt anbud-accept modellen men också enligt alternativa modeller för avtalsingående. Ett starkt argument för att smarta kontrakt ska accepteras som avtalsform är att det ligger i marknadens och omsättningens intresse att kunna använda avtalsformen. Avtalsuppkomst ska vara effektivt och anpassningsbart, vilket smarta kontrakt är. Jag tror att vi kommer att ingå fler och fler avtal genom smarta kontrakt i närmsta framtiden. (Less)
Abstract
Blockchain technology has created a new tool for contract formation: smart contracts. Smart contracts enable decentralized, digital, and autonomous contracts that self-execute when a set of parameters is met. Can contracts under Swedish law be entered into through smart contracts? This is an important question to answer. For that reason, the paper poses the question of whether smart contracts meet the requirements for binding contracts according to contract law and, if so, under which circumstances.

The investigation of the possibility of smart contracts being binding contracts is based on two different models. The first model is the traditional offer-acceptance model, which is based on trust theory and requires that the counterparty... (More)
Blockchain technology has created a new tool for contract formation: smart contracts. Smart contracts enable decentralized, digital, and autonomous contracts that self-execute when a set of parameters is met. Can contracts under Swedish law be entered into through smart contracts? This is an important question to answer. For that reason, the paper poses the question of whether smart contracts meet the requirements for binding contracts according to contract law and, if so, under which circumstances.

The investigation of the possibility of smart contracts being binding contracts is based on two different models. The first model is the traditional offer-acceptance model, which is based on trust theory and requires that the counterparty can reasonably be understood to have expressed an intent to act legally. The second model is a newer model that claims that contracts can be based on other contract-forming legal facts. This model considers all contract-forming situations that are not covered by the offer-acceptance model. Both models are relevant to the investigation of the possibility of smart contracts being binding contracts, as they provide different perspectives on how contracts can be entered into and what is required for them to be binding. By considering both models, a more comprehensive picture can be obtained of how smart contracts can be used and what is required for them to be binding under Swedish law.

Swedish contract law allows the parties to choose how they want to enter a contract. My conclusion in the paper is that smart contracts can constitute binding contracts according to the offer-acceptance model and alternative models for contract formation. These alternative models explain how contracts can be based on other contract-forming legal facts. A strong argument for accepting smart contracts as a form of contract is that the courts do not want to deny the use of this technology because it is in the interests of the market and turnover to be able to use it. Contract formation should be efficient and adaptable, which smart contracts are. I believe that we will enter more and more contracts through smart contracts in the near future. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Strauss, Gustaf LU
supervisor
organization
course
HARH13 20222
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Smarta kontrakt, Smart contracts, Blockchain, Avtalsrätt, Avtalsingående smarta kontrakt
language
Swedish
id
9108204
date added to LUP
2023-01-24 15:58:05
date last changed
2023-01-24 15:58:07
@misc{9108204,
  abstract     = {{Blockchain technology has created a new tool for contract formation: smart contracts. Smart contracts enable decentralized, digital, and autonomous contracts that self-execute when a set of parameters is met. Can contracts under Swedish law be entered into through smart contracts? This is an important question to answer. For that reason, the paper poses the question of whether smart contracts meet the requirements for binding contracts according to contract law and, if so, under which circumstances. 

The investigation of the possibility of smart contracts being binding contracts is based on two different models. The first model is the traditional offer-acceptance model, which is based on trust theory and requires that the counterparty can reasonably be understood to have expressed an intent to act legally. The second model is a newer model that claims that contracts can be based on other contract-forming legal facts. This model considers all contract-forming situations that are not covered by the offer-acceptance model. Both models are relevant to the investigation of the possibility of smart contracts being binding contracts, as they provide different perspectives on how contracts can be entered into and what is required for them to be binding. By considering both models, a more comprehensive picture can be obtained of how smart contracts can be used and what is required for them to be binding under Swedish law.

Swedish contract law allows the parties to choose how they want to enter a contract. My conclusion in the paper is that smart contracts can constitute binding contracts according to the offer-acceptance model and alternative models for contract formation. These alternative models explain how contracts can be based on other contract-forming legal facts. A strong argument for accepting smart contracts as a form of contract is that the courts do not want to deny the use of this technology because it is in the interests of the market and turnover to be able to use it. Contract formation should be efficient and adaptable, which smart contracts are. I believe that we will enter more and more contracts through smart contracts in the near future.}},
  author       = {{Strauss, Gustaf}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Avtalsingående genom smarta kontrakt}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}