Framtidsfullmakter och finansinstitut: Ett fungerande system?
(2023) LAGF03 20231Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract
- In 2017, the Act on powers of attorney for the future (2017:310) was adopted with the aim of serving as an alternative to the system for limited guardians and administrators in the Parental Code (1949:381). The Act was introduced to give individuals the opportunity to control their future financial and person-al affairs. The goal of the new legislation was to increase the individual´s integrity and right to self-determination. Future powers of attorney are a form of power of attorney in which the grantor issues a power of attorney that will inter into force at a future date.
The Act contains, among other things, formal requirements for the type of power of attorney and rules on how the proxy holder is to fulfill his or her duties, as... (More) - In 2017, the Act on powers of attorney for the future (2017:310) was adopted with the aim of serving as an alternative to the system for limited guardians and administrators in the Parental Code (1949:381). The Act was introduced to give individuals the opportunity to control their future financial and person-al affairs. The goal of the new legislation was to increase the individual´s integrity and right to self-determination. Future powers of attorney are a form of power of attorney in which the grantor issues a power of attorney that will inter into force at a future date.
The Act contains, among other things, formal requirements for the type of power of attorney and rules on how the proxy holder is to fulfill his or her duties, as well as rules on when the power of attorney enters into force. How-ever, the law does not regulate how the powers of attorney should be handled by third parties who receive them. In addition, many banks and financial institutions choose not to receive the proxies. The lack of regulation creates problems since individuals’ risk not being able to use their future power of attorney and the law may loses its purpose.
Third parties’ reluctance to receive the powers of attorney can to some extent be explained by the duty they have to investigate through regulations in the Contracts Act (1915:218) and money laundering legislation. If a third party is in bad faith, there is a risk that the contract will be adjusted or voided in accordance with the general clause in 36 § in the Contracts Act or that it will be subject to sanctions under the anti-money laundering legislation.
Two solutions to the problem have been proposed; either a public law control of future powers of attorney or a public register of deputies. The solution rep-resents different interests which ultimately becomes political statements. What is clear, however, is that a change in the law needs to be introduced for an absolute obligation for third parties to accept the future powers of attorney. (Less) - Abstract (Swedish)
- År 2017 antogs lag (2017:310) om framtidsfullmakter, LFF, med syftet att fungera som ett alternativ till systemet för godmans- och förmyndarskap i föräldrabalken (1949:381). LFF infördes för att ge enskilda möjligheten att kontrollera sina framtida ekonomiska och personliga förehavanden. Målet med den nya lagstiftningen var att öka den enskildes integritet och rätt till självbestämmande. Framtidsfullmakter är en form av fullmakt där fullmakts-givaren ställer ut en fullmakt som träder i kraft vid en framtida tidpunkt.
I LFF finns bland annat formkrav för fullmaktstypen och regler om hur fullmaktshavaren ska fullgöra sitt uppdrag samt regler om när fullmakten träder i kraft. Lagen saknar dock reglering för hur fullmakterna ska hanteras... (More) - År 2017 antogs lag (2017:310) om framtidsfullmakter, LFF, med syftet att fungera som ett alternativ till systemet för godmans- och förmyndarskap i föräldrabalken (1949:381). LFF infördes för att ge enskilda möjligheten att kontrollera sina framtida ekonomiska och personliga förehavanden. Målet med den nya lagstiftningen var att öka den enskildes integritet och rätt till självbestämmande. Framtidsfullmakter är en form av fullmakt där fullmakts-givaren ställer ut en fullmakt som träder i kraft vid en framtida tidpunkt.
I LFF finns bland annat formkrav för fullmaktstypen och regler om hur fullmaktshavaren ska fullgöra sitt uppdrag samt regler om när fullmakten träder i kraft. Lagen saknar dock reglering för hur fullmakterna ska hanteras av tredje man som mottar dem. Många banker och finansinstitut väljer dessutom att inte motta fullmakterna. Avsaknaden av reglering skapar problem eftersom en-skilda riskerar att inte kunna använda sin framtidsfullmakt och att lagen där-med förlorar sitt syfte.
Tredje mans ovilja att motta fullmakterna kan till viss del förklaras genom den undersökningsplikt de har genom reglering i LFF, lag (1915:218) om avtal och andra rättshandlingar på förmögenhetsrättens område, AvtL, samt penningtvättslagstiftning. Om tredje man anses vara i ond tro finns det en risk att avtalet jämkas eller ogiltigförklaras enligt generalklausulen i 36 § AvtL eller att han drabbas av sanktioner enligt penningtvättslagstiftning.
Flera lösningar på problematiken har föreslagits. Det handlar om en offentlig-rättslig kontroll av framtidsfullmakterna alternativt ett offentligt register för ställföreträdare. Lösningarna representerar olika intressen där det i slutändan blir ett politiskt ställningstagande. Vad som är klart är dock att det behöver införas en lagändring för att en absolut skyldighet att motta framtidsfullmakterna ska uppkomma för tredje man. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9115629
- author
- Almqvist, Lovisa LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20231
- year
- 2023
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- bankrätt, förmögenhetsrätt, rättsvetenskap
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9115629
- date added to LUP
- 2023-06-29 09:17:07
- date last changed
- 2023-06-29 09:17:07
@misc{9115629,
abstract = {{In 2017, the Act on powers of attorney for the future (2017:310) was adopted with the aim of serving as an alternative to the system for limited guardians and administrators in the Parental Code (1949:381). The Act was introduced to give individuals the opportunity to control their future financial and person-al affairs. The goal of the new legislation was to increase the individual´s integrity and right to self-determination. Future powers of attorney are a form of power of attorney in which the grantor issues a power of attorney that will inter into force at a future date.
The Act contains, among other things, formal requirements for the type of power of attorney and rules on how the proxy holder is to fulfill his or her duties, as well as rules on when the power of attorney enters into force. How-ever, the law does not regulate how the powers of attorney should be handled by third parties who receive them. In addition, many banks and financial institutions choose not to receive the proxies. The lack of regulation creates problems since individuals’ risk not being able to use their future power of attorney and the law may loses its purpose.
Third parties’ reluctance to receive the powers of attorney can to some extent be explained by the duty they have to investigate through regulations in the Contracts Act (1915:218) and money laundering legislation. If a third party is in bad faith, there is a risk that the contract will be adjusted or voided in accordance with the general clause in 36 § in the Contracts Act or that it will be subject to sanctions under the anti-money laundering legislation.
Two solutions to the problem have been proposed; either a public law control of future powers of attorney or a public register of deputies. The solution rep-resents different interests which ultimately becomes political statements. What is clear, however, is that a change in the law needs to be introduced for an absolute obligation for third parties to accept the future powers of attorney.}},
author = {{Almqvist, Lovisa}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Framtidsfullmakter och finansinstitut: Ett fungerande system?}},
year = {{2023}},
}