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Lagstiftarens kamp mot unga i kriminella nätverk: En kritisk studie om det nya brottet involverande av en underårig i brottslighet

Jonsson, Mirjam LU (2023) LAGF03 20231
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Den 1 juli i år införs det nya brottet involverande av en underårig i brottslighet i 16 kap. 5 a § brottsbalken. I propositionen Skärpta straff för brott i kriminella nätverk beskrivs den nya kriminaliseringens syfte vara att skydda samhället från att unga personer dras in i kriminella nätverk.

För att en straffbestämmelse ska anses rättfärdigad finns det flera kriminaliseringsprinciper som den ska förhålla sig till. Syftet med uppsatsen är att med ett kritiskt perspektiv undersöka hur den nya kriminaliseringen förhåller sig till kriterierna för tre utvalda kriminaliseringsprinciper: principen om ultima ratio, principen om kriminalisering som effektivt medel samt obestämdhetsförbudet. I förhållande till obestämdhetsförbudet är... (More)
Den 1 juli i år införs det nya brottet involverande av en underårig i brottslighet i 16 kap. 5 a § brottsbalken. I propositionen Skärpta straff för brott i kriminella nätverk beskrivs den nya kriminaliseringens syfte vara att skydda samhället från att unga personer dras in i kriminella nätverk.

För att en straffbestämmelse ska anses rättfärdigad finns det flera kriminaliseringsprinciper som den ska förhålla sig till. Syftet med uppsatsen är att med ett kritiskt perspektiv undersöka hur den nya kriminaliseringen förhåller sig till kriterierna för tre utvalda kriminaliseringsprinciper: principen om ultima ratio, principen om kriminalisering som effektivt medel samt obestämdhetsförbudet. I förhållande till obestämdhetsförbudet är undersökningen inriktad på att ta reda på om begreppet brottslig verksamhet i bestämmelsen är tillräckligt precist för att inte strida mot förbudet. Uppsatsens frågeställningar behandlas med hjälp av propositionen, Gängbrottsutredningens bakomliggande betänkande, samt annat offentligt tryck och doktrin som ger en bild av kriminaliseringsprincipernas innebörd.

Utredningen visar att den nya kriminaliseringen inte kan anses legitim utifrån någon av kriminaliseringsprinciperna. En straffbestämmelse är ett uttryck för statens yttersta makt över sina samhällsinvånare och ska med hänsyn till det lidande som ett straff innebär införas med stor försiktighet. Den försiktigheten har inte vidtagits när det kommer till den aktuella bestämmelsen. Det finns flera faktorer som pekar på att andra åtgärder borde vidtas i stället, eller åtminstone i första hand. Av undersökningen framgår också att det finns en osäkerhet kring möjligheterna att beivra brottet. Vad gäller begreppet brottslig verksamhet konstateras det vara för vagt, vilket kan riskera den enskildes rättssäkerhet. (Less)
Abstract
On July 1 this year, a new crime for involving a minor in crime will be introduced in Chapter 16, Section 5 a of the Swedish Penal Code. In the government bill, the purpose of the new criminalization is described as protecting society from young people being drawn into criminal networks.

For a penal provision to be considered justified, there are several criminalization principles to which it must relate. The purpose of this essay is to, with a critical perspective, examine how the new criminalization relates to the criteria of three selected criminalization principles: the principle of ultima ratio, the principle of criminalization as an effective means and the prohibition of indeterminacy. In relation to the indeterminacy prohibition,... (More)
On July 1 this year, a new crime for involving a minor in crime will be introduced in Chapter 16, Section 5 a of the Swedish Penal Code. In the government bill, the purpose of the new criminalization is described as protecting society from young people being drawn into criminal networks.

For a penal provision to be considered justified, there are several criminalization principles to which it must relate. The purpose of this essay is to, with a critical perspective, examine how the new criminalization relates to the criteria of three selected criminalization principles: the principle of ultima ratio, the principle of criminalization as an effective means and the prohibition of indeterminacy. In relation to the indeterminacy prohibition, the investigation is aimed at finding out whether the term criminal activity in the provision is sufficiently precise so as not to contravene the prohibition. The questions of the essay are treated using the government bill, its underlying report by Government commissions of inquiry, as well as other public material and doctrine that describes the meaning of the criminalization principles.

The essay’s findings show that the new criminalization cannot be considered legitimate based on any of the criminalization principles. A penal provision is an expression of the state's ultimate power over its citizens and must, regard-ing the suffering that a punishment entails, be adopted with great caution. That caution has not been taken when it comes to the current provision. There are several factors that indicate that other measures should be taken instead, or at least at first hand. The investigation also shows that there is an uncertainty about the possibilities of prosecuting the crime. As regards the term criminal activity, it is found to be too vague, which may risk the individual's legal security. (Less)
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author
Jonsson, Mirjam LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20231
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Straffrätt, Criminal law, Brottslighet, Crime, Kriminella nätverk, Criminal networks, Kriminaliseringsprinciper, Ultima ratio, Obestämdhetsförbudet, Effektivitet, Legalitetsprincipen
language
Swedish
id
9115797
date added to LUP
2023-06-29 13:10:23
date last changed
2023-06-29 13:10:23
@misc{9115797,
  abstract     = {{On July 1 this year, a new crime for involving a minor in crime will be introduced in Chapter 16, Section 5 a of the Swedish Penal Code. In the government bill, the purpose of the new criminalization is described as protecting society from young people being drawn into criminal networks.

For a penal provision to be considered justified, there are several criminalization principles to which it must relate. The purpose of this essay is to, with a critical perspective, examine how the new criminalization relates to the criteria of three selected criminalization principles: the principle of ultima ratio, the principle of criminalization as an effective means and the prohibition of indeterminacy. In relation to the indeterminacy prohibition, the investigation is aimed at finding out whether the term criminal activity in the provision is sufficiently precise so as not to contravene the prohibition. The questions of the essay are treated using the government bill, its underlying report by Government commissions of inquiry, as well as other public material and doctrine that describes the meaning of the criminalization principles. 

The essay’s findings show that the new criminalization cannot be considered legitimate based on any of the criminalization principles. A penal provision is an expression of the state's ultimate power over its citizens and must, regard-ing the suffering that a punishment entails, be adopted with great caution. That caution has not been taken when it comes to the current provision. There are several factors that indicate that other measures should be taken instead, or at least at first hand. The investigation also shows that there is an uncertainty about the possibilities of prosecuting the crime. As regards the term criminal activity, it is found to be too vague, which may risk the individual's legal security.}},
  author       = {{Jonsson, Mirjam}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Lagstiftarens kamp mot unga i kriminella nätverk: En kritisk studie om det nya brottet involverande av en underårig i brottslighet}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}