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Läkande av kapitalbrist - något om kapitaltillskott och dess återbetalning

Broms, Rasmus LU (2023) LAGF03 20231
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract
The essay deals with topics related to the rules on compulsory liquidation due to lack of capital in Chapter 25, Sections 13-20 of the Swedish Companies Act (ABL), primarily focusing on how capital deficiency can be remedied through various forms of capital injections and how these can be repaid to the contributor.
In NJA 1988 p. 620, it is stated that a capital injection only remedies the capi-tal deficiency if the company is not obligated to repay the injection. The re-payment is therefore dependent on the existence of distributable profits and a resolution on repayment at a general meeting of shareholders.
The essay examines the majority requirement for such a resolution at the gen-eral meeting. It is concluded that such a resolution... (More)
The essay deals with topics related to the rules on compulsory liquidation due to lack of capital in Chapter 25, Sections 13-20 of the Swedish Companies Act (ABL), primarily focusing on how capital deficiency can be remedied through various forms of capital injections and how these can be repaid to the contributor.
In NJA 1988 p. 620, it is stated that a capital injection only remedies the capi-tal deficiency if the company is not obligated to repay the injection. The re-payment is therefore dependent on the existence of distributable profits and a resolution on repayment at a general meeting of shareholders.
The essay examines the majority requirement for such a resolution at the gen-eral meeting. It is concluded that such a resolution deviates from the presumed profit purpose in the Swedish Companies Act and that the principle of equali-ty may be violated in certain cases due to the resolution. Therefore, a unani-mous resolution at the general meeting is required for repayment to take place.
The essay investigates whether it is possible to circumvent the high majority requirement by introducing a provision in the articles of association that over-rides the profit purpose until the capital injection has been repaid. Such a pro-vision would allow repayment to be decided by a simple majority, but never-theless, unanimity among those present at the general meeting is required to introduce the provision into the articles of association.
One question addressed, which has been extensively discussed in legal litera-ture, is whether a capital injection can remedy a capital deficiency if it is ac-companied by a repayment condition directed towards the company, but where repayment can only be claimed in the event of liquidation. In my opin-ion, it is not consistent with the rules and preparatory works of the provisions on the control balance sheet to exempt private injections that bind the company to repayment in liquidation from being recognized as liabilities (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Uppsatsen behandlar ämnen relaterade till reglerna om tvångslikvidation på grund av kapitalbrist i 25 kap. 13–20 §§ ABL framför allt hur kapitalbrist kan läkas genom olika former av kapitaltillskott och hur dessa kan återbetalas till tillskottsgivaren utan att tillskottet måste tas upp som en skuld i kontrollba-lansräkningen.
I NJA 1988 s. 620 konstateras att det krävs att kapitaltillskott enbart läker kapitalbristen om bolaget inte förpliktas att återbetala tillskottet förrän bolag-stämman beslutat om återbetalning till tillskottsgivaren.
I uppsatsen undersöks majoritetskravet för sådana beslut på bolagstämman. Det konstateras att ett sådant beslut innebär ett avsteg från det presumerade vinstsyftet i ABL samt att likhetsprincipen... (More)
Uppsatsen behandlar ämnen relaterade till reglerna om tvångslikvidation på grund av kapitalbrist i 25 kap. 13–20 §§ ABL framför allt hur kapitalbrist kan läkas genom olika former av kapitaltillskott och hur dessa kan återbetalas till tillskottsgivaren utan att tillskottet måste tas upp som en skuld i kontrollba-lansräkningen.
I NJA 1988 s. 620 konstateras att det krävs att kapitaltillskott enbart läker kapitalbristen om bolaget inte förpliktas att återbetala tillskottet förrän bolag-stämman beslutat om återbetalning till tillskottsgivaren.
I uppsatsen undersöks majoritetskravet för sådana beslut på bolagstämman. Det konstateras att ett sådant beslut innebär ett avsteg från det presumerade vinstsyftet i ABL samt att likhetsprincipen också, i vissa fall, kan komma att åsidosättas genom beslutet. Det krävs därför ett enhälligt beslut på bolags-stämman för att återbetalning ska ske.
Härvid undersöks om det går att undkomma det höga majoritetskravet genom införandet av en föreskrift i bolagsordningen som åsidosätter vinstsyftet tills kapitaltillskottet blivit återbetalt. En sådan föreskrift innebär att återbetalning kan ske med ett beslut med enkel majoritet, men för införandet av bestämmel-sen i bolagsordningen krävs det icke desto mindre enhällighet bland de närva-rande på bolagsstämman.
En fråga som behandlas och som har diskuterats flitigt i doktrinen är huruvida ett kapitaltillskott kan läka kapitalbrist om det är förenat med ett återbetal-ningsvillkor riktat mot bolaget, men där återbetalning endast kan göras gäl-lande vid en eventuell likvidation. I min mening är det inte förenligt med reg-lerna om kontrollbalansräkning och förarbetena till bestämmelserna om kon-trollbalansräkningen att undanta även privata tillskott som binder bolaget till återbetalning vid likvidation från att tas upp som skuld. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Broms, Rasmus LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20231
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Associationsrätt, förmögenhetsrätt
language
Swedish
id
9115875
date added to LUP
2023-06-29 09:27:39
date last changed
2023-06-29 09:27:39
@misc{9115875,
  abstract     = {{The essay deals with topics related to the rules on compulsory liquidation due to lack of capital in Chapter 25, Sections 13-20 of the Swedish Companies Act (ABL), primarily focusing on how capital deficiency can be remedied through various forms of capital injections and how these can be repaid to the contributor.
In NJA 1988 p. 620, it is stated that a capital injection only remedies the capi-tal deficiency if the company is not obligated to repay the injection. The re-payment is therefore dependent on the existence of distributable profits and a resolution on repayment at a general meeting of shareholders.
The essay examines the majority requirement for such a resolution at the gen-eral meeting. It is concluded that such a resolution deviates from the presumed profit purpose in the Swedish Companies Act and that the principle of equali-ty may be violated in certain cases due to the resolution. Therefore, a unani-mous resolution at the general meeting is required for repayment to take place.
The essay investigates whether it is possible to circumvent the high majority requirement by introducing a provision in the articles of association that over-rides the profit purpose until the capital injection has been repaid. Such a pro-vision would allow repayment to be decided by a simple majority, but never-theless, unanimity among those present at the general meeting is required to introduce the provision into the articles of association.
One question addressed, which has been extensively discussed in legal litera-ture, is whether a capital injection can remedy a capital deficiency if it is ac-companied by a repayment condition directed towards the company, but where repayment can only be claimed in the event of liquidation. In my opin-ion, it is not consistent with the rules and preparatory works of the provisions on the control balance sheet to exempt private injections that bind the company to repayment in liquidation from being recognized as liabilities}},
  author       = {{Broms, Rasmus}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Läkande av kapitalbrist - något om kapitaltillskott och dess återbetalning}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}