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Från massbrottssamhälle till gängbrottssamhälle - Den kriminalpolitiska utvecklingen illustrerad med en diskursanalys av preventiva tvångsmedel

Anghelina, Isabelle LU (2023) JURM02 20231
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Svensk kriminalpolitik har de senaste decennierna präglats av en ökad tendens till repressionshöjningar, vilket åskådliggörs bland annat av att svensk strafflagstiftning har varit föremål för utvidgning sedan slutet av 1900-talet. Tendensen har benämnts den straffande vändningen, kännetecknad av alarmism och populism. Parallellt med expansionen av strafflagstiftningen förefaller lagstiftarens benägenhet att utöka möjligheterna till olika former av
hemliga tvångsmedel ha tilltagit. Det senaste initiativet på området är förslaget att utöka användningen av s.k. preventiva tvångsmedel, vilket innebär en användning av vissa hemliga tvångsmedel utanför en förundersökning innan
det finns en konkret brottsmisstanke.

Uppsatsen syftar till att... (More)
Svensk kriminalpolitik har de senaste decennierna präglats av en ökad tendens till repressionshöjningar, vilket åskådliggörs bland annat av att svensk strafflagstiftning har varit föremål för utvidgning sedan slutet av 1900-talet. Tendensen har benämnts den straffande vändningen, kännetecknad av alarmism och populism. Parallellt med expansionen av strafflagstiftningen förefaller lagstiftarens benägenhet att utöka möjligheterna till olika former av
hemliga tvångsmedel ha tilltagit. Det senaste initiativet på området är förslaget att utöka användningen av s.k. preventiva tvångsmedel, vilket innebär en användning av vissa hemliga tvångsmedel utanför en förundersökning innan
det finns en konkret brottsmisstanke.

Uppsatsen syftar till att utreda och analysera hur synen på straffrättens funktioner och syften har förskjutits, med preventiva tvångsmedel som exempel samt att belysa vilka konsekvenser förskjutningen kan medföra. Inom ramen för uppsatsens syfte ligger att analysera hur diskussionen om preventiva tvångsmedel kan förstås utifrån de kriminalpolitiska tendenserna. Kritisk diskursanalys har därför använts för att kontextualisera diskussionen om preventiva tvångsmedel i den kriminalpolitiska utvecklingen.

Det går idag att tala om fiendestraffrätt, eftersom diskursen genomsyras av en kraftig dikotomi mellan ”vi” och ”de gängkriminella”. Straffrätten har följaktligen förvandlats till en arena för moraliskt avståndstagande, vilket missgynnar vissa grupper i samhället och kan leda till en ojämlik tillämpning av straffrättsliga åtgärder. Straffrättens tidigare funktion som skydd mot statligt maktmissbruk har således gått förlorad, eller åtminstone försvagats. Vidare betraktas straffrätten numera som ett instrument för att bekämpa samhälleliga problem som otrygghet, vilket står i linje med en offensiv straffrättspolitik. En ny funktion med straffrätten är dessutom att tillfredsställa det allmänna rättsmedvetandet, vilket kan medföra att användningen av preventiva tvångsmedel och andra repressiva åtgärder glider längs ett sluttande plan och införs även i förhållande till lindrigare brottslighet. (Less)
Abstract
In the last decades Swedish criminal policy has been characterized by increased repression, which is shown by the fact that Swedish penal legislation has been expanded since the end of the 20th century. The expansion has been denoted the punitive turn, distinguished by alarmism and populism. Alongside the expansion of penal legislation, the legislator’s disposition to expand the possibilities of various forms of secret coercive measures appears to have
increased. The most recent initiative in the area is the suggestion to expand the use of so-called coercive preventive measures, which means the use of certain secret coercive measures outside of a preliminary investigation before
there is a substantial suspicion of a crime.

The purpose... (More)
In the last decades Swedish criminal policy has been characterized by increased repression, which is shown by the fact that Swedish penal legislation has been expanded since the end of the 20th century. The expansion has been denoted the punitive turn, distinguished by alarmism and populism. Alongside the expansion of penal legislation, the legislator’s disposition to expand the possibilities of various forms of secret coercive measures appears to have
increased. The most recent initiative in the area is the suggestion to expand the use of so-called coercive preventive measures, which means the use of certain secret coercive measures outside of a preliminary investigation before
there is a substantial suspicion of a crime.

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate and analyze how the view on the functions and purposes of criminal law has shifted, with coercive preventive measures as an example and also to elucidate what consequences the shift may entail. Furthermore, it is within the scope of the essay’s purpose to analyze how the discussion about coercive preventive measures can be understood based on the trends of development in criminal policy. Critical discourse analysis has therefore been used to contextualize the discussion about coercive preventive measures in the development of criminal policy.

The conclusions are that it is possible to talk about enemy criminal law nowadays, since the discourse is permeated by a strong dichotomy between "us" and "the gang criminals”. Accordingly, criminal law has turned into an arena for moral distancing, which disadvantages certain groups in society and can lead to an unequal application of criminal justice measures. The former function of criminal law as a safeguard against abuse of power by the state has thus been lost, or at least weakened. Additionally, criminal law is now seen as a tool to combat social problems such as insecurity, in accordance with an offensive criminal policy. A new function of criminal law is also to satisfy the general legal consciousness, which may cause the use of preventive coercive measures and other repressive measures to slide along a sloping plane and also become introduced in relation to less severe crimes. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Anghelina, Isabelle LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
From mass crime society to gang crime society - The development of criminal policy illustrated with a discourse analysis of coercive preventive measures
course
JURM02 20231
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
straffrätt, criminal law, preventiva tvångsmedel, hemliga tvångsmedel, kriminalpolitik
language
Swedish
id
9116003
date added to LUP
2023-06-08 10:42:22
date last changed
2023-06-08 10:42:22
@misc{9116003,
  abstract     = {{In the last decades Swedish criminal policy has been characterized by increased repression, which is shown by the fact that Swedish penal legislation has been expanded since the end of the 20th century. The expansion has been denoted the punitive turn, distinguished by alarmism and populism. Alongside the expansion of penal legislation, the legislator’s disposition to expand the possibilities of various forms of secret coercive measures appears to have
increased. The most recent initiative in the area is the suggestion to expand the use of so-called coercive preventive measures, which means the use of certain secret coercive measures outside of a preliminary investigation before
there is a substantial suspicion of a crime.

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate and analyze how the view on the functions and purposes of criminal law has shifted, with coercive preventive measures as an example and also to elucidate what consequences the shift may entail. Furthermore, it is within the scope of the essay’s purpose to analyze how the discussion about coercive preventive measures can be understood based on the trends of development in criminal policy. Critical discourse analysis has therefore been used to contextualize the discussion about coercive preventive measures in the development of criminal policy. 

The conclusions are that it is possible to talk about enemy criminal law nowadays, since the discourse is permeated by a strong dichotomy between "us" and "the gang criminals”. Accordingly, criminal law has turned into an arena for moral distancing, which disadvantages certain groups in society and can lead to an unequal application of criminal justice measures. The former function of criminal law as a safeguard against abuse of power by the state has thus been lost, or at least weakened. Additionally, criminal law is now seen as a tool to combat social problems such as insecurity, in accordance with an offensive criminal policy. A new function of criminal law is also to satisfy the general legal consciousness, which may cause the use of preventive coercive measures and other repressive measures to slide along a sloping plane and also become introduced in relation to less severe crimes.}},
  author       = {{Anghelina, Isabelle}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Från massbrottssamhälle till gängbrottssamhälle - Den kriminalpolitiska utvecklingen illustrerad med en diskursanalys av preventiva tvångsmedel}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}