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Ekocid - det femte internationella brottet? Analys av initiativet att införa ekocid som en internationell brottsrubricering

Osmanovic, Dalila LU (2023) LAGF03 20231
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Miljöförstöring och habitatdegradering har blivit pressande globala frågor de senaste åren,
vilket hotar överlevnaden för mänskliga samhällen och de naturliga system som upprätthåller
liv på jorden. Romstadgan, grundfördraget för Internationella brottmålsdomstolen (ICC),
fastställer fyra centrala internationella brott, folkmord, brott mot mänskligheten,
krigsförbrytelser och aggressionsbrott. Det finns dock en växande rörelse för att erkänna
ekocid som ett femte brott i Romstadgan, vilket skulle göra det till ett straffbart brott enligt
internationell lag.
Ekocid är inget nytt begrepp, men har under senare år fått stor uppmärksamhet och mycket
omvärdering. År 2021 släpptes en rapport av en oberoende expertpanel med förslag på
... (More)
Miljöförstöring och habitatdegradering har blivit pressande globala frågor de senaste åren,
vilket hotar överlevnaden för mänskliga samhällen och de naturliga system som upprätthåller
liv på jorden. Romstadgan, grundfördraget för Internationella brottmålsdomstolen (ICC),
fastställer fyra centrala internationella brott, folkmord, brott mot mänskligheten,
krigsförbrytelser och aggressionsbrott. Det finns dock en växande rörelse för att erkänna
ekocid som ett femte brott i Romstadgan, vilket skulle göra det till ett straffbart brott enligt
internationell lag.
Ekocid är inget nytt begrepp, men har under senare år fått stor uppmärksamhet och mycket
omvärdering. År 2021 släpptes en rapport av en oberoende expertpanel med förslag på
juridisk definition av begreppet. Huvudsyftet med ambitionen att kriminalisera ekocid på en
internationell nivå är att skapa möjlighet att åtala ansvariga personer för miljöskador.
Eftersom idén om införandet av ekocid i Romstadgan har fått stor spridning, fokuserar
uppsatsen på att undersöka i vilken mån inkludering överensstämmer med Romstadagans
målsättning och syfte samt vilket stöd respektive utmaningar inkluderingen presenterar.
Uppsatsen delar upp Romstadgans syfte och målsättning i fyra kategorier: skydd för
mänskliga rättigheter, säkerställande av internationell fred och säkerhet, de allvarligaste
brotten som rör hela internationella samfundet och säkerställande av att brott inte åtnjuter
straffrihet under nationell lagstiftning. Dessa sätts sedan i relation till ekocid, utifrån studier
och aktuella miljöproblem.
Vid förslag till nya lagar, eller nya kriminaliseringar finns det alltid stöd och utmaningar att
beakta. Beroende på vilket som väger tyngre kan proportionaliteten ge vägledning i huruvida
kriminalisering är ett lämpligt val. Nedan presenteras stöd, som fastställande av tydlig
internationell rättslig standard för skydd av miljön, men även utmaningar, som ifrågasättande
av definitionen och dess bevissvårighet. (Less)
Abstract
The urgency of environmental destruction and deterioration has increased recently since it
threatens both the survival of human societies and the natural systems that sustain life on
Earth. The four primary international crimes included in the Rome Statute, the law that
established the International Criminal Court (ICC), are genocide, crimes against humanity,
war crimes, and act of aggression. However, there is a growing movement to include ecocide
as a fifth crime in the Rome Statute, making it a crime punishable by international law.
The term "ecocide" is not new, but it has received a lot of attention and reappraisal in recent
years. In 2021, a report was published by an independent panel of experts with proposals for
a legal... (More)
The urgency of environmental destruction and deterioration has increased recently since it
threatens both the survival of human societies and the natural systems that sustain life on
Earth. The four primary international crimes included in the Rome Statute, the law that
established the International Criminal Court (ICC), are genocide, crimes against humanity,
war crimes, and act of aggression. However, there is a growing movement to include ecocide
as a fifth crime in the Rome Statute, making it a crime punishable by international law.
The term "ecocide" is not new, but it has received a lot of attention and reappraisal in recent
years. In 2021, a report was published by an independent panel of experts with proposals for
a legal definition of the term. The main purpose of the effort to criminalize ecocide at the
international level is to create the possibility of prosecuting those responsible for
environmental damage. Since the idea of including the concept of ecocide in the Rome
Statute has become widespread, this essay focuses on the extent to which inclusion is
consistent with the goals and purposes of the Rome Statute and the support and challenges of
such inclusion.
The essay divides the purpose and objectives of the Rome Statute into four categories:
Protecting Human Rights, Ensuring International Peace and Security, Most Serious Crimes
Affecting the Entire International Community, and Ensuring that Crimes Do Not Go
Unpunished Under National Law. These are then related to ecocide based on studies and
current environmental problems.
There is always support and challenges to consider when proposing new laws or new crimes.
Depending on which is more severe, proportionality may give us an indication of whether
criminalization is an appropriate choice. Below, both support and challenges are presented,
such as the creation of a clear international legal standard for environmental protection
criminalization would result in but also questioning of the definition of the crime and the
difficulty of proof. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Osmanovic, Dalila LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20231
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
folkrätt, public international law, ekocid, ecocide, miljörätt, environmental law, straffrätt, criminal law, Romstadgan, Rome Statute
language
Swedish
id
9116100
date added to LUP
2023-06-29 13:45:34
date last changed
2023-06-29 13:45:34
@misc{9116100,
  abstract     = {{The urgency of environmental destruction and deterioration has increased recently since it
threatens both the survival of human societies and the natural systems that sustain life on
Earth. The four primary international crimes included in the Rome Statute, the law that
established the International Criminal Court (ICC), are genocide, crimes against humanity,
war crimes, and act of aggression. However, there is a growing movement to include ecocide
as a fifth crime in the Rome Statute, making it a crime punishable by international law.
The term "ecocide" is not new, but it has received a lot of attention and reappraisal in recent
years. In 2021, a report was published by an independent panel of experts with proposals for
a legal definition of the term. The main purpose of the effort to criminalize ecocide at the
international level is to create the possibility of prosecuting those responsible for
environmental damage. Since the idea of including the concept of ecocide in the Rome
Statute has become widespread, this essay focuses on the extent to which inclusion is
consistent with the goals and purposes of the Rome Statute and the support and challenges of
such inclusion.
The essay divides the purpose and objectives of the Rome Statute into four categories:
Protecting Human Rights, Ensuring International Peace and Security, Most Serious Crimes
Affecting the Entire International Community, and Ensuring that Crimes Do Not Go
Unpunished Under National Law. These are then related to ecocide based on studies and
current environmental problems.
There is always support and challenges to consider when proposing new laws or new crimes.
Depending on which is more severe, proportionality may give us an indication of whether
criminalization is an appropriate choice. Below, both support and challenges are presented,
such as the creation of a clear international legal standard for environmental protection
criminalization would result in but also questioning of the definition of the crime and the
difficulty of proof.}},
  author       = {{Osmanovic, Dalila}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Ekocid - det femte internationella brottet? Analys av initiativet att införa ekocid som en internationell brottsrubricering}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}