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När klandertalan är "uppenbart" ogrundad - En kritisk granskning av hovrättens tillämpning av rekvisitet "uppenbart ogrundat" i 42 kap. 5 § 1 st. andra meningen RB i klanderprocesser

Hassoun, Mohammad LU (2023) JURM02 20231
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
En bärande princip för klanderprocessen är att hovrätten inte får ägna sig åt någon materiell överprövning. I klanderprocesser prövas i huvudsak om det i skiljeförfarandet förekommit något processuellt fel. För prövningen gäller samma processuella regelverk som för tvistemål i underrätt. Ett av de processuella verktyg som kan användas i klanderprocesser är 42 kap. 5 § 1 st. andra meningen RB. Den ger möjligheten att omedelbart ogilla ett käromål, utan att utfärda stämning. Det gäller att talan inte innefattar laga skäl eller om det annars är uppenbart att denna är ogrundad. Denna regel har på senare tid tillämpats mer frekvent i klanderprocesser.

I arbetet utreds hovrättens tillämpning av rekvisitet ”uppenbart ogrundat” i... (More)
En bärande princip för klanderprocessen är att hovrätten inte får ägna sig åt någon materiell överprövning. I klanderprocesser prövas i huvudsak om det i skiljeförfarandet förekommit något processuellt fel. För prövningen gäller samma processuella regelverk som för tvistemål i underrätt. Ett av de processuella verktyg som kan användas i klanderprocesser är 42 kap. 5 § 1 st. andra meningen RB. Den ger möjligheten att omedelbart ogilla ett käromål, utan att utfärda stämning. Det gäller att talan inte innefattar laga skäl eller om det annars är uppenbart att denna är ogrundad. Denna regel har på senare tid tillämpats mer frekvent i klanderprocesser.

I arbetet utreds hovrättens tillämpning av rekvisitet ”uppenbart ogrundat” i klanderprocesser. Kärnan i utredningen är innebörden av uppenbarhetskravet i ifrågavarande rekvisit och hur hovrätten tillämpar detta krav i klanderprocesser. I framställningen visas att uppenbarhetskravets innebörd är oklart. I kravet anses ligga att kärandens ogrundade talan kan slås fast ”lätt och tveklöst” efter en enkel prövning eller ”omedelbart och tveklöst”. Det lyfts fram att det bör innebära att en domstol enbart vid en enkel granskning av käromålet ska kunna avgöra att den är ogrundad. Domstolen ska inte behöva vidta en närmare prövning för att kunna dra slutsatsen att något är ogrundat. Med andra ord ska det inte krävas en påtaglig arbetsinsats för att fastslå det ogrundade.

Det visas att hovrätten tillämpar rekvisitet när det påstås materiella och processuella fel. För att fastslå att en klandertalan är ogrundad vidtar hovrätten en påtaglig arbetsinsats vid handläggningen av dessa mål. Vidare krävs det inte mycket för att rekvisitet ”uppenbart ogrundat” ska vara uppfyllt. Av denna anledning ifrågasätts huruvida rekvisitet verkligen är uppfyllt. Detta konkretiseras med hjälp av att hovrättens tillämpning analyseras och problematiseras utifrån olika tänkbara processföringslägen som den kan tänkas ställas inför.

Med detta som utgångspunkt åskådliggörs att hovrättens tillämpning av rekvisitet i klanderprocesser är olämplig och problematisk. Den är svårförenlig med bestämmelsens syfte och den restriktivitet som framhålls av lagstiftaren och rättspraxis. I arbetet framhävs att det finns fog för att anta att hovrätten tillämpar bestämmelsen dels i syfte att skriftligen avgöra målen samt undvika parternas absoluta rätt till huvudförhandling, enligt 42 kap. 18 § 1 st. 5 p. RB, dels tillgodose lagstiftarens intresse av en snabb och effektiv klanderprocess. Det föreslås i uppsatsen att det införs ett nytt processuellt verktyg som ger hovrätten möjligheten att avgöra en ogrundad klandertalan på handlingarna, utan att parterna ska ha rätt till någon huvudförhandling. (Less)
Abstract
One of the basic principles of the challenge process is that the Court of Ap-peals should not engage in any substantive review. In challenge proceedings, the focus is on whether there have been any procedural errors in the arbitration process. The same procedural rules that apply to civil litigation in lower courts are also applicable to these reviews. One of the procedural tools that can be used in challenge proceedings is 42nd chapter article 5 RB. This provision enables the dismissal of an action without issuing a summons if the claim does not comprise legal reason or if it is otherwise obvious that the claim is unfounded. Recently, this rule has been increasingly applied in challenge proceedings.

This paper investigates the Court of... (More)
One of the basic principles of the challenge process is that the Court of Ap-peals should not engage in any substantive review. In challenge proceedings, the focus is on whether there have been any procedural errors in the arbitration process. The same procedural rules that apply to civil litigation in lower courts are also applicable to these reviews. One of the procedural tools that can be used in challenge proceedings is 42nd chapter article 5 RB. This provision enables the dismissal of an action without issuing a summons if the claim does not comprise legal reason or if it is otherwise obvious that the claim is unfounded. Recently, this rule has been increasingly applied in challenge proceedings.

This paper investigates the Court of Appeal's application of the requirement “obviously unfounded” in challenge proceedings. The essence of the investigation lies in understanding the meaning of the requirement of obviousness in this context and how the Court of Appeals applies it in challenge cases. The study reveals that the meaning of the obviousness requirement is unclear. It is considered to imply that the plaintiff's unfounded claim can be “easily and unequivocally” dismissed after a simple examination or “immediately and un-equivocally”. It is argued that it should mean that a court should be able to determine the unfounded nature of a claim solely through a simple review. The court should not have to conduct a detailed examination to conclude that something is unfounded. In other words, a substantial effort should not be required to establish the claims lack of foundation.

The study shows that the Court of Appeals applies the requirement “obviously unfounded” when both substantive and procedural errors are alleged. To establish that the protest action is unfounded, the Court of Appeals undertakes a substantial effort in handling these cases. Furthermore, the threshold for fulfilling the requirement “obviously unfounded” is not very high. For this reason, the question arises as to whether the requirement is truly fulfilled. This is illustrated through an analysis and critical examination of the Court of Ap-peal's application based on different procedural scenarios it may encounter.

Based on this premise, it is illustrated that the Court of Appeal's application of the requirement in challenge proceedings is inappropriate and problematic. It is not aligned with the purpose of the provision and the restrictiveness emphasized by the legislature and case law. The study also shows that there are grounds to assume that the Court of Appeals applies the provision partly with the intention to render written procedures and avoid the parties absolute right to a main hearing, as stipulated in 42nd chapter article 18, first paragraph, point 5 RB. Additionally, it serves to fulfill the legislature's interest in ensuring a fast and efficient challenge process. The paper proposes the introduction of a new procedural tool that would allow the Court of Appeals to decide an un-founded protest action on the documents, without the parties having the right to any main hearing. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Hassoun, Mohammad LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
When the protest action is "obviously" unfounded - A critical examination of the Court of Appeal's application of the requirement "obviously unfounded" in challenge proceedings
course
JURM02 20231
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Internationell privaträtt, Processrätt, Skiljeförfaranden, LSF, Klander av skiljedomar, Klanderprocesser, 42 kap. 5 § RB, Uppenbart ogrundat, Materiella fel, Processuella fel
language
Swedish
id
9116219
date added to LUP
2023-06-13 09:05:42
date last changed
2023-06-13 09:05:42
@misc{9116219,
  abstract     = {{One of the basic principles of the challenge process is that the Court of Ap-peals should not engage in any substantive review. In challenge proceedings, the focus is on whether there have been any procedural errors in the arbitration process. The same procedural rules that apply to civil litigation in lower courts are also applicable to these reviews. One of the procedural tools that can be used in challenge proceedings is 42nd chapter article 5 RB. This provision enables the dismissal of an action without issuing a summons if the claim does not comprise legal reason or if it is otherwise obvious that the claim is unfounded. Recently, this rule has been increasingly applied in challenge proceedings.

This paper investigates the Court of Appeal's application of the requirement “obviously unfounded” in challenge proceedings. The essence of the investigation lies in understanding the meaning of the requirement of obviousness in this context and how the Court of Appeals applies it in challenge cases. The study reveals that the meaning of the obviousness requirement is unclear. It is considered to imply that the plaintiff's unfounded claim can be “easily and unequivocally” dismissed after a simple examination or “immediately and un-equivocally”. It is argued that it should mean that a court should be able to determine the unfounded nature of a claim solely through a simple review. The court should not have to conduct a detailed examination to conclude that something is unfounded. In other words, a substantial effort should not be required to establish the claims lack of foundation.

The study shows that the Court of Appeals applies the requirement “obviously unfounded” when both substantive and procedural errors are alleged. To establish that the protest action is unfounded, the Court of Appeals undertakes a substantial effort in handling these cases. Furthermore, the threshold for fulfilling the requirement “obviously unfounded” is not very high. For this reason, the question arises as to whether the requirement is truly fulfilled. This is illustrated through an analysis and critical examination of the Court of Ap-peal's application based on different procedural scenarios it may encounter.

Based on this premise, it is illustrated that the Court of Appeal's application of the requirement in challenge proceedings is inappropriate and problematic. It is not aligned with the purpose of the provision and the restrictiveness emphasized by the legislature and case law. The study also shows that there are grounds to assume that the Court of Appeals applies the provision partly with the intention to render written procedures and avoid the parties absolute right to a main hearing, as stipulated in 42nd chapter article 18, first paragraph, point 5 RB. Additionally, it serves to fulfill the legislature's interest in ensuring a fast and efficient challenge process. The paper proposes the introduction of a new procedural tool that would allow the Court of Appeals to decide an un-founded protest action on the documents, without the parties having the right to any main hearing.}},
  author       = {{Hassoun, Mohammad}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{När klandertalan är "uppenbart" ogrundad - En kritisk granskning av hovrättens tillämpning av rekvisitet "uppenbart ogrundat" i 42 kap. 5 § 1 st. andra meningen RB i klanderprocesser}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}