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LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Lönetransparensdirektivet - att hjälpa eller stjälpa svenskt jämställdhetsarbete? En rättsvetenskaplig undersökning av de rättsliga utmaningar i fråga om aktiva åtgärder, insyn och lönekartläggning som följer vid en implementering av direktivförslaget om lönetransparens

Axelsson, Elsa LU (2023) JURM02 20231
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Principen om lika lön för lika arbete för kvinnor och män har varit en del av EU-rätten sedan Romfördraget från 1975. Numera återfinns principen och förbudet mot diskriminering på grund av kön i såväl primär- som sekundärrätt. Löneskillnaderna mellan kvinnor och män är emellertid fortsatt stora i EU:s medlemsstater varpå EU har bedömt att det finns ett behov av ytterligare lagstiftning i syfte att minska löneskillnaderna mellan könen. I mars 2021 lades ett direktivförslag om lönetransparens fram. Direktivförslaget ämnar reducera löneskillnader mellan kvinnor och män genom att uppställa krav på bland annat insyn i lönesättningen och lönerapportering.

Uppsatsen avser undersöka vilka rättsliga utmaningar som en implementering av... (More)
Principen om lika lön för lika arbete för kvinnor och män har varit en del av EU-rätten sedan Romfördraget från 1975. Numera återfinns principen och förbudet mot diskriminering på grund av kön i såväl primär- som sekundärrätt. Löneskillnaderna mellan kvinnor och män är emellertid fortsatt stora i EU:s medlemsstater varpå EU har bedömt att det finns ett behov av ytterligare lagstiftning i syfte att minska löneskillnaderna mellan könen. I mars 2021 lades ett direktivförslag om lönetransparens fram. Direktivförslaget ämnar reducera löneskillnader mellan kvinnor och män genom att uppställa krav på bland annat insyn i lönesättningen och lönerapportering.

Uppsatsen avser undersöka vilka rättsliga utmaningar som en implementering av direktivförslaget kan ge upphov till för svenskt vidkommande i fråga om såväl lagstiftning som den svenska modellen för kollektivavtal och lönebildning. Av särskild relevans för uppsatsens syfte är att utreda hur diskrimineringslagens regler om aktiva åtgärder förhåller sig till direktivförslagets regler om insyn i lönesättningen.

Den svenska rättsordningen på arbetsrättens område skiljer sig något från många andra medlemsstater mot bakgrund av kollektivavtalens centrala betydelse och ställning på arbetsmarknaden. Det är arbetsmarknadens parter som styr på området för lönebildning och lönesättning. Parterna och arbetsgivarna måste emellertid förhålla sig till den lagstiftning som finns på området.

Diskrimineringslagen uppställer dels ett förbud mot diskriminering, dels skyldigheter för arbetsgivare att genom aktiva åtgärder motverka diskriminering. Bestämmelserna i diskrimineringslagen överensstämmer i viss utsträckning med direktivförslagets bestämmelser. Vissa bestämmelser i direktivförslaget framstår emellertid främmande i förhållande till den svenska rätten. Direktivförslaget ställer exempelvis krav på att arbetsgivare offentligt ska redovisa lönenivåer och att dessa ska finnas tillgängliga för potentiella arbetstagare i rekryteringsprocesser.

Direktivförslaget har gett upphov till debatt, såväl på EU-nivå som i Sverige. Arbetsmarknadens parter ställer sig kritiska till direktivförslaget med hänvisning till att regleringen innehåller detaljerade och omfattande bestämmelser som sätter den svenska modellen för kollektivavtal och lönebildning ur spel.

Utredningen visar att den svenska rätten vid en implementering av de regler som direktivförslaget uppställer sannolikt kommer att behöva genomgå en rad lagändringar. Den nuvarande svenska diskrimineringslagen lever inte upp till flera av de bestämmelser som direktivförslaget föreskriver. Diskrimineringslagens nuvarande syfte skiljer sig från det syfte som direktivförslaget om lönetransparens föreskriver. Regleringarnas skilda syften genomsyrar hur bestämmelserna i respektive reglering är utformade. För att den svenska rätten ska överensstämma med direktivförslaget kommer troligtvis lagändringar att föranledas både vad gäller diskrimineringslagens regler om aktiva åtgärder och dess syfte. I direktivförslaget är det centrala syftet att stärka likalöneprincipen varpå detta syfte även bör ges en central betydelse i den svenska diskrimineringslagen.

Vidare visar utredningen att direktivförslaget även kommer att föranleda förändringar som utmanar den svenska modellen för kollektivavtal och lönebildning. Den svenska lönebildningen är ofta decentraliserad och lönesättningen i hög utsträckning individuell. Flera av direktivförslagets bestämmelser om insyn i lönesättning föreskriver exempelvis att arbetsgivaren till arbetstagare ska tillhandahålla och tillämpa bestämda kriterier vid lönesättning och löneutveckling. (Less)
Abstract
The principle of equal pay for equal work for women and men has been part of EU law since the 1975 Treaty of Rome. Nowadays, the principle and the prohibition of discrimination based on sex are found in both primary and secondary legislation. However, the pay gap between women and men remains high in EU member states and the EU has therefore identified the need for further legislation to reduce the gender pay gap. In March 2021, a proposal for a directive on pay transparency was presented. The proposed directive aims to reduce the pay gap between women and men by establishing requirements for, among other things, transparency in pay setting and pay reporting.

This essay intends to examine the legal challenges than an implementation of... (More)
The principle of equal pay for equal work for women and men has been part of EU law since the 1975 Treaty of Rome. Nowadays, the principle and the prohibition of discrimination based on sex are found in both primary and secondary legislation. However, the pay gap between women and men remains high in EU member states and the EU has therefore identified the need for further legislation to reduce the gender pay gap. In March 2021, a proposal for a directive on pay transparency was presented. The proposed directive aims to reduce the pay gap between women and men by establishing requirements for, among other things, transparency in pay setting and pay reporting.

This essay intends to examine the legal challenges than an implementation of the proposed directive may give rise to in Sweden in terms of legislation as well as the Swedish model of collective agreements and pay formation. Of particular relevance to the purpose of this essay is to investigate how the provisions of the Discrimination Act regarding active measures align with the provisions of the proposed directive regarding pay transparency.

The Swedish legal system in the area of labor law differs somewhat from many other EU member states in light of the importance and position of collective agreements in the labor market. It is the social partners who govern the area of pay formation and pay setting. However, the parties and employers must comply with the legislation that exists in this area.

The Swedish Discrimination Act establishes both a prohibition against discrimination and obligations for employers to counteract discrimination through active measures. The provisions of the Discrimination Act partially align with the provisions of the proposed directive. However, certain provisions in the proposed directive appear foreign in relation to Swedish law. For instance, the proposed directive requires employers to publicly report pay levels and make them available to potential employees during recruitment processes.

The proposed directive has given rise to debate, both at EU level and in Sweden. The social partners in the labor market have expressed criticism of the proposed directive, citing that the regulations contain detailed and extensive provisions that undermine the Swedish model of collective agreements and pay formation.

The essay concludes that the Swedish law, when implementing the proposed directive, is likely to undergo a series of legislative changes. The current Swedish Discrimination Act does not fully comply with several provisions stipulated in the proposed directive. The existing purpose of the Discrimination Act differs from the purpose outlined in the proposed directive. The divergent purposes of the regulations permeate how the provisions of the perspective regulations are formulated. In order for Swedish law to comply with the proposed directive, it is likely that legislative amendments will be required concerning both the provisions on active measures in the Discrimination Act and its purpose. In the proposed directive, the central purpose is to strengthen the application of the principle of equal pay between women and men, which underscore the necessity of attributing paramount significance to this purpose within the Swedish Discrimination Act.

Furthermore, the essay concludes that the proposed directive also will give rise to changes that challenge the Swedish model of collective agreements and pay formation. The Swedish pay formation tends to be decentralized and the pay setting individualized. Several provisions of the proposed directive regarding pay transparency, for instance, stipulate that the employer should provide and apply specific criteria for pay setting and pay progression to employees. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Axelsson, Elsa LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
EU Pay Transparency Directive - Supporting or Impeding Swedish Gender Equality Efforts? A jurisprudential analysis of the legal challenges concerning active measures, transparency, and pay surveys from the implementation of the proposed directive on pay transparency
course
JURM02 20231
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
EU-rätt, EU law, arbetsrätt, labour law, jämställdhetsrätt, gender equality law, lönetransparensdirektiv, pay transparency directive, rättsvetenskap, law, löneskillnader, gender pay gap, könsdiskriminering, sex discrimination
language
Swedish
id
9116328
date added to LUP
2023-06-08 14:26:40
date last changed
2023-06-08 14:26:40
@misc{9116328,
  abstract     = {{The principle of equal pay for equal work for women and men has been part of EU law since the 1975 Treaty of Rome. Nowadays, the principle and the prohibition of discrimination based on sex are found in both primary and secondary legislation. However, the pay gap between women and men remains high in EU member states and the EU has therefore identified the need for further legislation to reduce the gender pay gap. In March 2021, a proposal for a directive on pay transparency was presented. The proposed directive aims to reduce the pay gap between women and men by establishing requirements for, among other things, transparency in pay setting and pay reporting.

This essay intends to examine the legal challenges than an implementation of the proposed directive may give rise to in Sweden in terms of legislation as well as the Swedish model of collective agreements and pay formation. Of particular relevance to the purpose of this essay is to investigate how the provisions of the Discrimination Act regarding active measures align with the provisions of the proposed directive regarding pay transparency.

The Swedish legal system in the area of labor law differs somewhat from many other EU member states in light of the importance and position of collective agreements in the labor market. It is the social partners who govern the area of pay formation and pay setting. However, the parties and employers must comply with the legislation that exists in this area.

The Swedish Discrimination Act establishes both a prohibition against discrimination and obligations for employers to counteract discrimination through active measures. The provisions of the Discrimination Act partially align with the provisions of the proposed directive. However, certain provisions in the proposed directive appear foreign in relation to Swedish law. For instance, the proposed directive requires employers to publicly report pay levels and make them available to potential employees during recruitment processes.

The proposed directive has given rise to debate, both at EU level and in Sweden. The social partners in the labor market have expressed criticism of the proposed directive, citing that the regulations contain detailed and extensive provisions that undermine the Swedish model of collective agreements and pay formation.

The essay concludes that the Swedish law, when implementing the proposed directive, is likely to undergo a series of legislative changes. The current Swedish Discrimination Act does not fully comply with several provisions stipulated in the proposed directive. The existing purpose of the Discrimination Act differs from the purpose outlined in the proposed directive. The divergent purposes of the regulations permeate how the provisions of the perspective regulations are formulated. In order for Swedish law to comply with the proposed directive, it is likely that legislative amendments will be required concerning both the provisions on active measures in the Discrimination Act and its purpose. In the proposed directive, the central purpose is to strengthen the application of the principle of equal pay between women and men, which underscore the necessity of attributing paramount significance to this purpose within the Swedish Discrimination Act.

Furthermore, the essay concludes that the proposed directive also will give rise to changes that challenge the Swedish model of collective agreements and pay formation. The Swedish pay formation tends to be decentralized and the pay setting individualized. Several provisions of the proposed directive regarding pay transparency, for instance, stipulate that the employer should provide and apply specific criteria for pay setting and pay progression to employees.}},
  author       = {{Axelsson, Elsa}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Lönetransparensdirektivet - att hjälpa eller stjälpa svenskt jämställdhetsarbete? En rättsvetenskaplig undersökning av de rättsliga utmaningar i fråga om aktiva åtgärder, insyn och lönekartläggning som följer vid en implementering av direktivförslaget om lönetransparens}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}