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Vad innebär ett hedersmotiv? En analys av rättssystemets tolkning av hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck

Jönsson, Olivia LU (2023) LAGF03 20232
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Den 1 juni 2022 träder ett nytt brott i kraft som benämns Hedersförtryck. Brottet är konstruerat efter ett särskilt motiv än en specifik gärning. Moti-vet är att bevara eller återupprätta en persons eller familjs, släkt eller annan liknande grupps heder. Paragrafen hänvisar till en rad gärningar som lag-rummet kan tillämpas på, till exempel misshandel och olaga hot. Syftet är därmed att sådana handlingar som dessutom begåtts med ett hedersmotiv kan rubriceras som hedersförtryck. Brottet lagförs under det fjärde kapitlet i brottsbalken där brott mot frihet och frid är samlat. Hedersförtrycksbrottet skiljer sig mot de andra fridskränkningsbrotten på så sätt att det inte finns ett närståendekrav vilket innebär att gärningspersonen nästan kan... (More)
Den 1 juni 2022 träder ett nytt brott i kraft som benämns Hedersförtryck. Brottet är konstruerat efter ett särskilt motiv än en specifik gärning. Moti-vet är att bevara eller återupprätta en persons eller familjs, släkt eller annan liknande grupps heder. Paragrafen hänvisar till en rad gärningar som lag-rummet kan tillämpas på, till exempel misshandel och olaga hot. Syftet är därmed att sådana handlingar som dessutom begåtts med ett hedersmotiv kan rubriceras som hedersförtryck. Brottet lagförs under det fjärde kapitlet i brottsbalken där brott mot frihet och frid är samlat. Hedersförtrycksbrottet skiljer sig mot de andra fridskränkningsbrotten på så sätt att det inte finns ett närståendekrav vilket innebär att gärningspersonen nästan kan vara vem som helst. Hedersförtrycksbrottet kommer från hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck som förekommer i en så kallad hederskultur som drivs av privat uppställda normer. Normerna innebär att man som individ i en sådan kul-tur, främst som kvinna, lever ett osjälvständigt och begränsat liv. Normerna kan röra sexualitet, val av klädsel, val av partner och att ingå äktenskap och val av vänner eller annat socialt liv. En individ som handlar motstridigt till dessa normer kan sanktioneras av medlemmar i gemenskapen, av såväl föräldrar och syskon som andra släktingar. Sanktionerna legitimeras av den vanheder som individen försätter gemenskapen i när hen bryter mot en norm. Exempel på sanktioner är våld, hot, uteslutning och, i värsta fall, även mord.
Hedersförtrycksbrottet är en markering av lagstiftaren att hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck är något som inte accepteras i det svenska samhället. De-batten har funnits i liv länge, ända sedan 90-talet när de första uppmärk-sammade hedersmorden i Sverige inträffade. Hederskontexten har sedan dess utvecklats inom såväl rättssystemet som rättsväsendet genom olika handlingsplaner, särskilt angivna uppdrag och utsedda nätverk. Det finns många organisationer som arbetar för att motverka kulturen men även att upplysa samhället. Det råder, trots mycket forskning, osäkerhet på området om vad som egentligen kännetecknar en hederskultur och hur den ter sig. Det är en kultur som kan vara osynlig för omgivningen och därmed mycket svår att upptäcka, det är således svårt att få fram en rättvis statistik. Frågan är om sådan osäkerhet kan leda till motsägelser mellan samhällets tolkning av hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck och rättssystemets tolkning. (Less)
Abstract
The 1st of June 2022 a new criminal offence is legislated, called honour-related oppression (in Swedish, Hedersförtryck). The crime is constructed to be based on the motive rather than the specific act itself. The motive is to preserve or restore the honour of a person, family, relative, or other simi-lar groups. The paragraph refers to several other criminal offences which the honour-related oppression offence can be applied, such as assault and threats. The purpose is therefore that such acts that has been committed with an honour-based motive can be classified as an honour-related oppres-sion offence. The criminal offence is found in the fourth chapter of the Swedish Criminal Code, where criminal acts against freedom and peace are to be... (More)
The 1st of June 2022 a new criminal offence is legislated, called honour-related oppression (in Swedish, Hedersförtryck). The crime is constructed to be based on the motive rather than the specific act itself. The motive is to preserve or restore the honour of a person, family, relative, or other simi-lar groups. The paragraph refers to several other criminal offences which the honour-related oppression offence can be applied, such as assault and threats. The purpose is therefore that such acts that has been committed with an honour-based motive can be classified as an honour-related oppres-sion offence. The criminal offence is found in the fourth chapter of the Swedish Criminal Code, where criminal acts against freedom and peace are to be found. The honour oppression offence is different from the other vio-lation of integrity offences due to the requirement of the perpetrator being a close relative. The honour offence is based on a culture of honour-related violence and oppression that is run by privately established norms. The honour-based norms imply that an individual in such culture, primarily as a woman, lives an non independent and limited life. The norms may relate to sexuality, choice of clothing, choice of partner and entering marriage and choice of friends or any social lifestyle. An individual who does not live by the norms may be sanctioned by members of the community, by parents or siblings as well as other relatives. The sanctions are legitimized by the dis-honor that the individual brings upon the community by violating a norm. Examples of such sanctions are violence, threats, exclusion and, in worst case scenario, even murder.
The offence is a statement by the legislator that honour-related violence and oppression is not accepted in the Swedish society. The debate has been running for a long time, ever since the 90s when the first high-profile mur-der cases with an honour motive in Sweden occurred. Since then, the con-text of honour has developed within both the legal system and the judicial system through various plans, specifically specified assignments and desig-nated networks. Except from that, there are many organizations which aim to counter the culture but also to enlighten the society. Despite a lot of re-search, there is uncertainty in a form of unknowledge about the subject; what characterizes an honour culture and how it appears. It is a culture that tend to be invisible to the society and thus very difficult to detect which leads to difficulties when to obtain fair statistics. The question is whether such uncertainty can lead to contradictions between the society’s interpre-tation and the legal system’s interpretation of honour-related violence and oppression. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Jönsson, Olivia LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20232
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Straffrätt, hederskultur, hedersmotiv, hedersvåld, hedersförtryck
language
Swedish
id
9142890
date added to LUP
2024-02-02 12:16:39
date last changed
2024-02-02 12:16:39
@misc{9142890,
  abstract     = {{The 1st of June 2022 a new criminal offence is legislated, called honour-related oppression (in Swedish, Hedersförtryck). The crime is constructed to be based on the motive rather than the specific act itself. The motive is to preserve or restore the honour of a person, family, relative, or other simi-lar groups. The paragraph refers to several other criminal offences which the honour-related oppression offence can be applied, such as assault and threats. The purpose is therefore that such acts that has been committed with an honour-based motive can be classified as an honour-related oppres-sion offence. The criminal offence is found in the fourth chapter of the Swedish Criminal Code, where criminal acts against freedom and peace are to be found. The honour oppression offence is different from the other vio-lation of integrity offences due to the requirement of the perpetrator being a close relative. The honour offence is based on a culture of honour-related violence and oppression that is run by privately established norms. The honour-based norms imply that an individual in such culture, primarily as a woman, lives an non independent and limited life. The norms may relate to sexuality, choice of clothing, choice of partner and entering marriage and choice of friends or any social lifestyle. An individual who does not live by the norms may be sanctioned by members of the community, by parents or siblings as well as other relatives. The sanctions are legitimized by the dis-honor that the individual brings upon the community by violating a norm. Examples of such sanctions are violence, threats, exclusion and, in worst case scenario, even murder. 
The offence is a statement by the legislator that honour-related violence and oppression is not accepted in the Swedish society. The debate has been running for a long time, ever since the 90s when the first high-profile mur-der cases with an honour motive in Sweden occurred. Since then, the con-text of honour has developed within both the legal system and the judicial system through various plans, specifically specified assignments and desig-nated networks. Except from that, there are many organizations which aim to counter the culture but also to enlighten the society. Despite a lot of re-search, there is uncertainty in a form of unknowledge about the subject; what characterizes an honour culture and how it appears. It is a culture that tend to be invisible to the society and thus very difficult to detect which leads to difficulties when to obtain fair statistics. The question is whether such uncertainty can lead to contradictions between the society’s interpre-tation and the legal system’s interpretation of honour-related violence and oppression.}},
  author       = {{Jönsson, Olivia}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Vad innebär ett hedersmotiv? En analys av rättssystemets tolkning av hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}