Establishment and Characterization of Innovative Immunoreagents for Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disease
(2024) KIMM05 20232Department of Immunotechnology
- Abstract
- Neurodegenerative diseases, including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) emphasise the need of effective diagnostics tools to provide early diagnosis and disease prognosis as well as treatment. The Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) antigen is a promising biomarker in immunoassays for neurodegenerative disease diagnosis due to its elevated concentration in Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) during axonal damage. In this study, novel antibody-based reagents for an automated chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) were developed towards the NfL antigen in CSF using bioconjugation techniques. The diagnostic potential of the immunological test was evaluated by comparison with an established CSF NfL... (More)
- Neurodegenerative diseases, including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) emphasise the need of effective diagnostics tools to provide early diagnosis and disease prognosis as well as treatment. The Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) antigen is a promising biomarker in immunoassays for neurodegenerative disease diagnosis due to its elevated concentration in Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) during axonal damage. In this study, novel antibody-based reagents for an automated chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) were developed towards the NfL antigen in CSF using bioconjugation techniques. The diagnostic potential of the immunological test was evaluated by comparison with an established CSF NfL assay of another CLIA instrument, Lumipulse. Capturing antibodies were coated to paramagnetic particles (PMP) and detecting antibodies were conjugated to Alkaline Phosphate molecule (ALP). When combined in five different combinations, the results showed varying recovery rates from 0 – 161% compared to the predicate device. Two reagent combinations showed promising results, with mean recovery rates of 91% and 113% respectively, indicating potential future optimisation of the test. It was established that the reagents showed diagnostic potential with the right assay configuration and pairing. (Less)
- Popular Abstract
- Imagine a world where brain diseases like Alzheimer's, ALS, and MS, collectively affecting millions worldwide, could be met with an early diagnosis and thereby timely treatment. Over 50 million individuals live with dementias, granting many more affected by the diseases. As advancements in treating these diseases emerge, the spotlight intensifies on the value of early diagnosis. Early detection could not only extend lives but contributes to a richer, longer journey shared among family and friends.
In our immune system, antibodies act as an alarm system which tracks down invading agents like viruses and thereby makes sure that we humans stay healthy. Each antibody has sites on its surface which recognize specific sites on the invading... (More) - Imagine a world where brain diseases like Alzheimer's, ALS, and MS, collectively affecting millions worldwide, could be met with an early diagnosis and thereby timely treatment. Over 50 million individuals live with dementias, granting many more affected by the diseases. As advancements in treating these diseases emerge, the spotlight intensifies on the value of early diagnosis. Early detection could not only extend lives but contributes to a richer, longer journey shared among family and friends.
In our immune system, antibodies act as an alarm system which tracks down invading agents like viruses and thereby makes sure that we humans stay healthy. Each antibody has sites on its surface which recognize specific sites on the invading agent. Scientific progress has made sure that we can use antibodies and their specific alarm mechanism outside of the body, both in diagnostics and in treatments. The use of antibodies to detect compounds in a sample is called an immunoassay. In this thesis, antibodies are used in an immunoassay to detect a compound called Neurofilament Light (NfL).
Why NfL? It is because when suffering from brain-affecting diseases like Alzheimer’s and others, the brain cells get damaged and NfL compounds emerge from the neurons to the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). By measuring the concentration of NfL in a person’s blood or CSF, one can determine if this person is sick in a brain-affecting disease.
The study showed some positive results proving that the antibodies used could indeed detect the NfL compound in different patient samples and that further optimization of the tests are possible. Maybe this small piece of science can be a contribution to the utopic world were brain disease is detected even before its first sign and were we conquer it with early and correct treatment. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9149563
- author
- Persson, Tove LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- KIMM05 20232
- year
- 2024
- type
- H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
- subject
- language
- English
- id
- 9149563
- date added to LUP
- 2024-04-10 17:46:51
- date last changed
- 2024-04-10 17:46:51
@misc{9149563,
abstract = {{Neurodegenerative diseases, including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) emphasise the need of effective diagnostics tools to provide early diagnosis and disease prognosis as well as treatment. The Neurofilament Light Chain (NfL) antigen is a promising biomarker in immunoassays for neurodegenerative disease diagnosis due to its elevated concentration in Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) during axonal damage. In this study, novel antibody-based reagents for an automated chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) were developed towards the NfL antigen in CSF using bioconjugation techniques. The diagnostic potential of the immunological test was evaluated by comparison with an established CSF NfL assay of another CLIA instrument, Lumipulse. Capturing antibodies were coated to paramagnetic particles (PMP) and detecting antibodies were conjugated to Alkaline Phosphate molecule (ALP). When combined in five different combinations, the results showed varying recovery rates from 0 – 161% compared to the predicate device. Two reagent combinations showed promising results, with mean recovery rates of 91% and 113% respectively, indicating potential future optimisation of the test. It was established that the reagents showed diagnostic potential with the right assay configuration and pairing.}},
author = {{Persson, Tove}},
language = {{eng}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Establishment and Characterization of Innovative Immunoreagents for Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disease}},
year = {{2024}},
}