Engagement without Recognition. European Union Trade Practices with Northern Cyprus
(2024) LAGF03 20241Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- I uppsatsen undersöks frågan i vilken utsträckning skyldigheten att inte erkänna medför begränsningar för EU:s förbindelser, såsom handel, med entiteter som EU är skyldig att inte erkänna. EU är skyldig att iaktta folkrätten i dess helhet inklusive den skyldighet att inte erkänna som följer av internationell sedvanerätt och som är bindande för unionens institutioner. I uppsatsen hävdas att handel dock utgör en ’gråzon’ där omfattningen av skyldigheten att inte erkänna är mindre tydlig. Genom att fokusera på EU:s handelspraxis med norra Cypern undersöker denna uppsats omfattningen av skyldigheten att inte erkänna i syfte att identifiera den tillåtna omfattningen av erkännande avseende handelsförbindelser mellan EU och icke-erkända... (More)
- I uppsatsen undersöks frågan i vilken utsträckning skyldigheten att inte erkänna medför begränsningar för EU:s förbindelser, såsom handel, med entiteter som EU är skyldig att inte erkänna. EU är skyldig att iaktta folkrätten i dess helhet inklusive den skyldighet att inte erkänna som följer av internationell sedvanerätt och som är bindande för unionens institutioner. I uppsatsen hävdas att handel dock utgör en ’gråzon’ där omfattningen av skyldigheten att inte erkänna är mindre tydlig. Genom att fokusera på EU:s handelspraxis med norra Cypern undersöker denna uppsats omfattningen av skyldigheten att inte erkänna i syfte att identifiera den tillåtna omfattningen av erkännande avseende handelsförbindelser mellan EU och icke-erkända entiteter.
För att undersöka omfattningen av skyldigheten att inte erkänna i internationell sedvanerätt analyseras FN:s folkrättskommissions Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (ARSIWA), FN:s säkerhetsråds resolutioner om Cypern, den internationella domstolens rådgivande yttranden och doktrin. Vidare analyseras EU:s handelspraxis med norra Cypern. Denna praxis utgör viktig evidens för skyldighetens omfattning och illustrerar de begränsningar och möjligheter som omger handel med icke-erkända entiteter.
Slutsatserna är: (1) att EU har en skyldighet att avstå från handel med norra Cypern endast i den utsträckning detta skulle medföra erkännande av norra Cypern (eller den självutropade ’Nordcyperns turkiska republik’) som en suverän stat och (2) att upprättandet av det samarbete som krävs för att möjliggöra handel med norra Cypern inte kan anses utgöra ett legitimt tillfälle som medför erkännande.
Uppsatsen visar också på vikten av att analysera regionala organisationers påverkan på begränsningarna för handel med icke-erkända entiteter. EU:s påverkan märks särskilt i det att EU:s medlemsländer, trots icke-erkännandet, fortsatte att bedriva handel med norra Cypern fram till ett avgörande från EU-domstolen år 1994. Som analysen av handeln med norra Cypern efter Cyperns EU-medlemskap visar kan även EU-interna faktorer medföra begränsningar för handelsförbindelser som regleras genom EU-intern lagstiftning. (Less) - Abstract
- This thesis examines the extent to which the obligation of non-recognition limits EU engagement, such as trade, with entities which the EU is obliged not to recognise. The EU is bound to observe international law in its entirety, including the obligation of non-recognition which as a customary rule of international law is binding upon its institutions. However, this thesis argues that trade with unrecognised entities takes place in a ‘grey zone’ where the scope and content of the obligation is unclear. Focusing on EU trade practices with northern Cyprus, the thesis examines the scope and content of the obligation of non-recognition under customary international law in order to identify the permissible scope of recognition that allows for... (More)
- This thesis examines the extent to which the obligation of non-recognition limits EU engagement, such as trade, with entities which the EU is obliged not to recognise. The EU is bound to observe international law in its entirety, including the obligation of non-recognition which as a customary rule of international law is binding upon its institutions. However, this thesis argues that trade with unrecognised entities takes place in a ‘grey zone’ where the scope and content of the obligation is unclear. Focusing on EU trade practices with northern Cyprus, the thesis examines the scope and content of the obligation of non-recognition under customary international law in order to identify the permissible scope of recognition that allows for trade between the EU and unrecognised entities.
In order to delineate the scope and content of the obligation of non-recognition under customary international law, the thesis analyses the International Law Commission’s Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (ARSIWA), UN political organs’ resolutions on Cyprus, Advisory Opinions from the International Court of Justice, and legal literature on the subject. Furthermore, the thesis looks at EU trade practices in relation to northern Cyprus. These trade practices serve as important evidence of the scope and content of the obligation of non-recognition and highlight the challenges and possibilities relating to trade with unrecognised entities.
The thesis concludes that: (1) trade between the EU and northern Cyprus would be prohibited only insofar as it implied recognition of northern Cyprus (or the self-proclaimed ‘Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus’) as a sovereign State and (2) that establishing the necessary cooperation to allow for trade with northern Cyprus would not constitute a legitimate occasion for implying recognition.
Furthermore, the thesis illustrates the need to address the influence of regional organisations when examining the limits of non-recognition for engagement with unrecognised entities. The analysis of the EU’s trade relations with northern Cyprus shows that the practices of the EU have played a major role in stifling engagement, such as trade. This is illustrated by the fact that until a European Court of Justice ruling in 1994, non-recognition did not constitute an obstacle for direct trade between the EU Member States and northern Cyprus. Moreover, the thesis finds that the EU’s engagement with northern Cyprus, in a post-accession context, is also shaped by internal considerations which may limit trade practices when pursued through internal legislation. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9152564
- author
- Jakobsson Hatay, Ayda LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20241
- year
- 2024
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- public international law, EU law, non-recognition, ARSIWA, Cyprus
- language
- English
- id
- 9152564
- date added to LUP
- 2024-06-26 11:53:25
- date last changed
- 2024-06-26 11:53:25
@misc{9152564,
abstract = {{This thesis examines the extent to which the obligation of non-recognition limits EU engagement, such as trade, with entities which the EU is obliged not to recognise. The EU is bound to observe international law in its entirety, including the obligation of non-recognition which as a customary rule of international law is binding upon its institutions. However, this thesis argues that trade with unrecognised entities takes place in a ‘grey zone’ where the scope and content of the obligation is unclear. Focusing on EU trade practices with northern Cyprus, the thesis examines the scope and content of the obligation of non-recognition under customary international law in order to identify the permissible scope of recognition that allows for trade between the EU and unrecognised entities.
In order to delineate the scope and content of the obligation of non-recognition under customary international law, the thesis analyses the International Law Commission’s Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (ARSIWA), UN political organs’ resolutions on Cyprus, Advisory Opinions from the International Court of Justice, and legal literature on the subject. Furthermore, the thesis looks at EU trade practices in relation to northern Cyprus. These trade practices serve as important evidence of the scope and content of the obligation of non-recognition and highlight the challenges and possibilities relating to trade with unrecognised entities.
The thesis concludes that: (1) trade between the EU and northern Cyprus would be prohibited only insofar as it implied recognition of northern Cyprus (or the self-proclaimed ‘Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus’) as a sovereign State and (2) that establishing the necessary cooperation to allow for trade with northern Cyprus would not constitute a legitimate occasion for implying recognition.
Furthermore, the thesis illustrates the need to address the influence of regional organisations when examining the limits of non-recognition for engagement with unrecognised entities. The analysis of the EU’s trade relations with northern Cyprus shows that the practices of the EU have played a major role in stifling engagement, such as trade. This is illustrated by the fact that until a European Court of Justice ruling in 1994, non-recognition did not constitute an obstacle for direct trade between the EU Member States and northern Cyprus. Moreover, the thesis finds that the EU’s engagement with northern Cyprus, in a post-accession context, is also shaped by internal considerations which may limit trade practices when pursued through internal legislation.}},
author = {{Jakobsson Hatay, Ayda}},
language = {{eng}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Engagement without Recognition. European Union Trade Practices with Northern Cyprus}},
year = {{2024}},
}