Ska det vara jobbigt att vara missbrukare? - En analys av Sveriges kriminalisering av eget bruk av narkotika och dess behov av utvärdering och förändring
(2024) JURM02 20241Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Kriminaliseringen av eget narkotikabruk har inte utvärderats sedan dess tillkomst år 1988. Idag har dock Sveriges narkotikastrategi ifrågasatts både nationellt och internationellt då kriminalisering av det egna bruket har vållat oförutsedda effekter, i synnerhet för personer med ett problematiskt narkotikabruk.
Denna uppsats syftar till att utreda huruvida Sveriges kriminalisering av det egna bruket är motiverat att kvarstå utifrån kriminaliseringsprinciperna. Till detta ges en redogörelse för kriminaliseringens framkomst, kriminaliseringens effekter, internationell evidens på området och alternativa narkotikastrategier.
Sveriges kriminalisering verkar ha grundat sig i tankar kring straff som styrmedel och straffets avskräckande... (More) - Kriminaliseringen av eget narkotikabruk har inte utvärderats sedan dess tillkomst år 1988. Idag har dock Sveriges narkotikastrategi ifrågasatts både nationellt och internationellt då kriminalisering av det egna bruket har vållat oförutsedda effekter, i synnerhet för personer med ett problematiskt narkotikabruk.
Denna uppsats syftar till att utreda huruvida Sveriges kriminalisering av det egna bruket är motiverat att kvarstå utifrån kriminaliseringsprinciperna. Till detta ges en redogörelse för kriminaliseringens framkomst, kriminaliseringens effekter, internationell evidens på området och alternativa narkotikastrategier.
Sveriges kriminalisering verkar ha grundat sig i tankar kring straff som styrmedel och straffets avskräckande effekt med förhoppningen om att samhället ska avstå bruk av narkotika. Detta med skyddsobjektet rätten till liv och hälsa. Dock verkar ingen av kriminaliseringens målsättningar uppfyllts. Därtill har kriminaliseringen visat sig leda till stigmatisering av personer med ett problematiskt bruk, vilket i sig försvårar rehabilitering. Dessutom är kostnaden för upprätthållandet av kriminaliseringen omfattande för samhället. Framstående internationell evidens påvisar kriminaliseringens avsaknad av positiva effekter och understryker dess övervägande negativa effekter så som ökat problematiskt bruk och narkotikarelaterad dödlighet. Därtill uppmanar såväl EU, FN, WHO m.fl. till en utvärdering på området och förespråkar en avkriminalisering. Således ligger inte internationell evidens i linje med Sveriges kriminalisering.
Uppsatsen påvisar att Sveriges kriminalisering har ett bristande stöd i kriminaliseringsprinciperna, i synnerhet sett till effektivitet och principen om ultima ratio. Därtill har det visat sig finnas mindre ingripande narkotikastrategier som ger ett mer effektivt skydd av rätten till liv och hälsa. Därav når uppsatsen slutsatsen att kriminaliseringen av narkotikabruk inte kan anses motiverad att kvarstå. I minsta fall bör en utvärdering av kriminaliseringen ske omgående. (Less) - Abstract
- Criminalization of drug use have not been evaluated since its origin, 36 years ago. Today, Sweden’s narcotic strategy has been questioned both nationally and internationally. The critics stems from studies indicating that the criminalization have caused unforeseen effects, especially for people with problematic drug use.
This thesis aims to evaluate whether Sweden’s criminalization of drug use is motivated to remain, based on the principles of criminalization. Moreover, the thesis will give an exposition regarding the origin of the criminalization, its effects, international evidence in the field and alternative drug strategies.
The criminalization seems to be based on beliefs of punishment as a means of control and preventive... (More) - Criminalization of drug use have not been evaluated since its origin, 36 years ago. Today, Sweden’s narcotic strategy has been questioned both nationally and internationally. The critics stems from studies indicating that the criminalization have caused unforeseen effects, especially for people with problematic drug use.
This thesis aims to evaluate whether Sweden’s criminalization of drug use is motivated to remain, based on the principles of criminalization. Moreover, the thesis will give an exposition regarding the origin of the criminalization, its effects, international evidence in the field and alternative drug strategies.
The criminalization seems to be based on beliefs of punishment as a means of control and preventive effects. The objective is seemingly that punishment would refrain society from drug use, the right to life and health being the protection object. However, none of the goals of the criminalization appears to have been accomplished. In addition, the criminalization has resulted in stigmatization of people with problematic drug use, which in itself has made rehabilitation more difficult. Furthermore, the cost for upholding the criminalization has been immensive for society.
International evidence demonstrates the lack of positive effects due to the criminalization and stresses its predominantly negative effects such as increased problematic drug use and drug-related death. Furthermore, EU, UN, WHO etc. advocate decriminalization and urges an evaluation in the field. Moreover, the international evidence does not align with Sweden’s criminalization.
In conclusion, this thesis illuminates that the criminalization lacks support in terms of criminalization principles, especially regarding efficiency and the principle of ultima ratio. Furthermore, it has been shown that there are more effective and less invasive drug strategies that provides a more sufficient protection of the right to life and health compared to the criminalization. Hence, this thesis argues that the criminalization of drug use can not be motivated to remain, and that, at the very least, an evaluation should take place immediately. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9152718
- author
- Iversen, Miranda LU
- supervisor
- organization
- alternative title
- Should it be hard to be a drug addict? - An analysis of Sweden's criminalization of drug use and its need for evaluation and change
- course
- JURM02 20241
- year
- 2024
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- straffrätt, kriminalisering av eget bruk, missbruk, narkotika
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9152718
- date added to LUP
- 2024-06-11 11:36:28
- date last changed
- 2024-06-11 11:36:28
@misc{9152718,
abstract = {{Criminalization of drug use have not been evaluated since its origin, 36 years ago. Today, Sweden’s narcotic strategy has been questioned both nationally and internationally. The critics stems from studies indicating that the criminalization have caused unforeseen effects, especially for people with problematic drug use.
This thesis aims to evaluate whether Sweden’s criminalization of drug use is motivated to remain, based on the principles of criminalization. Moreover, the thesis will give an exposition regarding the origin of the criminalization, its effects, international evidence in the field and alternative drug strategies.
The criminalization seems to be based on beliefs of punishment as a means of control and preventive effects. The objective is seemingly that punishment would refrain society from drug use, the right to life and health being the protection object. However, none of the goals of the criminalization appears to have been accomplished. In addition, the criminalization has resulted in stigmatization of people with problematic drug use, which in itself has made rehabilitation more difficult. Furthermore, the cost for upholding the criminalization has been immensive for society.
International evidence demonstrates the lack of positive effects due to the criminalization and stresses its predominantly negative effects such as increased problematic drug use and drug-related death. Furthermore, EU, UN, WHO etc. advocate decriminalization and urges an evaluation in the field. Moreover, the international evidence does not align with Sweden’s criminalization.
In conclusion, this thesis illuminates that the criminalization lacks support in terms of criminalization principles, especially regarding efficiency and the principle of ultima ratio. Furthermore, it has been shown that there are more effective and less invasive drug strategies that provides a more sufficient protection of the right to life and health compared to the criminalization. Hence, this thesis argues that the criminalization of drug use can not be motivated to remain, and that, at the very least, an evaluation should take place immediately.}},
author = {{Iversen, Miranda}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Ska det vara jobbigt att vara missbrukare? - En analys av Sveriges kriminalisering av eget bruk av narkotika och dess behov av utvärdering och förändring}},
year = {{2024}},
}