Återupptäckten av aktiebrevets nödvändighet för sakrättsligt skydd - En rättsvetenskaplig utredning avseende om en förvärvare eller panthavare av aktier utan aktiebrev kan få sakrättsligt skydd
(2024) LAGF03 20241Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- I kupongbolaget är tanken att aktierätten ska manifesteras i ett aktiebrev. Trots detta måste aktiebrev inte utfärdas, och till följd av de olägenheter som aktiebrevet innebär både för aktiebolaget och aktieägaren är det inte ovanligt att aktiebrev inte utfärdas. Har aktiebrev utfärdats stadgas det uttryckligen i aktiebolagslagen (2005:551) att en förvärvare eller panthavare kan få sakrättsligt skydd, både avseende borgenärsskydd och omsättningsskydd. Motsvarande reglering finns dock inte för det fall att aktiebrev inte har utfärdats, och inte heller Högsta domstolen har uttalat sig i frågan.
Uppsatsen ämnar utreda om en förvärvare eller panthavare enligt gällande rätt kan få sakrättsligt skydd för ett förvärv eller en pantsättning av... (More) - I kupongbolaget är tanken att aktierätten ska manifesteras i ett aktiebrev. Trots detta måste aktiebrev inte utfärdas, och till följd av de olägenheter som aktiebrevet innebär både för aktiebolaget och aktieägaren är det inte ovanligt att aktiebrev inte utfärdas. Har aktiebrev utfärdats stadgas det uttryckligen i aktiebolagslagen (2005:551) att en förvärvare eller panthavare kan få sakrättsligt skydd, både avseende borgenärsskydd och omsättningsskydd. Motsvarande reglering finns dock inte för det fall att aktiebrev inte har utfärdats, och inte heller Högsta domstolen har uttalat sig i frågan.
Uppsatsen ämnar utreda om en förvärvare eller panthavare enligt gällande rätt kan få sakrättsligt skydd för ett förvärv eller en pantsättning av aktier utan aktiebrev, och genom vilket sakrättsligt moment som skyddet i så fall fås. För att uppnå syftet med uppsatsen används rättsdogmatisk metod, och till följd av ett relativt begränsat material förenas metoden med ett kritiskt perspektiv.
Frågan om sakrättsligt skydd kan fås har behandlats i SOU 1941:9 och SOU 2009:34. I det äldre kommittébetänkandet anges det att sakrättsligt skydd kan fås genom att bolaget underrättas om förvärvet eller pantsättningen, i analogi med 31 § lag (1936:81) om skuldebrev (SkbrL). SOU 2009:34 kommer däremot fram till att det är osäkert om sakrättsligt skydd kan fås för aktier utan aktiebrev. Saken har även behandlats i den juridiska litteraturen, i vilken man generellt, men med två undantag, anser att sakrättsligt skydd för aktier utan aktiebrev kan fås genom en analog tillämpning av 31 § SkbrL. I tre olika texter skrivna av praktiskt verksamma jurister förmedlas åsikten att sakrättsligt skydd för aktier utan aktiebrev eventuellt kan fås genom att bolaget denuntieras om förvärvet eller pantsättningen. Författarna ger dock uttryck för att det finns en oklarhet i rättsläget, genom att rekommendera att en försiktig förvärvare eller panthavare bör kräva att aktiebrev utfärdas och traderas.
Inget av kommittébetänkandena underbygger sitt ställningstagande med ett tillräckligt starkt resonemang, eller har ett sådant rättskällevärde, att vad som där framkommer kan anses utgöra gällande rätt. I doktrinen finns två argument som med viss styrka talar för att sakrättsligt skydd kan fås genom att bolaget denuntieras. Övriga åsikter i doktrinen underbyggs dock svagt, eller inte alls, och de anses därmed ha en väldigt liten påverkan på gällande rätt. Slutsatsen landar i att vad som framkommit i förarbeten och doktrinen pekar mot att sakrättsligt skydd kan fås, men att uttalandena inte är tillräckligt auktoritativa eller övertygande för att man med säkerhet ska kunna säga att så är fallet, och rättsläget är därmed oklart. Om sakrättsligt skydd hade kunnat fås, hade det avgörande sakrättsliga momentet dock antagligen varit denuntiation. (Less) - Abstract
- In kupongbolaget, a type of limited company, the share is supposed to be manifested in a share certificate. It is, however, not mandatory to issue such a share certificate. Because of the inconveniences that the share certificate poses both for the shareholder and the limited company, it is not uncommon that share certificates are not issued. If a share certificate has been issued, The Swedish Companies Act (2005:551) expressly states that an acquirer or a pledgee can receive creditor protection. The same regulation does however not exist if a share certificate has not been issued, nor has the supreme court spoken on the issue.
This paper aims to investigate whether an acquirer or pledgee can receive creditor protection for shares... (More) - In kupongbolaget, a type of limited company, the share is supposed to be manifested in a share certificate. It is, however, not mandatory to issue such a share certificate. Because of the inconveniences that the share certificate poses both for the shareholder and the limited company, it is not uncommon that share certificates are not issued. If a share certificate has been issued, The Swedish Companies Act (2005:551) expressly states that an acquirer or a pledgee can receive creditor protection. The same regulation does however not exist if a share certificate has not been issued, nor has the supreme court spoken on the issue.
This paper aims to investigate whether an acquirer or pledgee can receive creditor protection for shares without a share certificate, and how the creditor protection would be received. To achieve the aim of the paper, a legal dogmatic method is used. However, due to the available material being of lesser authority, the method is accompanied with a critical perspective.
The question whether creditor protection can be received has been covered in two Swedish Government Official Reports: SOU 1941:9 and SOU 2009:34. In the first report, it is stated that creditor protection can be obtained through a notice of assignment of claim (notifying the company) of the acquisition or pledge. That is done in an analogy with section 31 of the Act on Instruments on Debt (1936:81). The more recent report, however, arrives at the conclusion that it is uncertain if creditor protection can be received for shares without a share certificate. The matter has also been covered in legal literature, where the general view, with two exceptions however, is that creditor protection can be received by notifying the company of the acquisition or pledge. The idea that creditor protection for shares without a share certificate potentially can be received by notifying the company of the acquisition or pledge has also been portrayed in three texts written by lawyers. The authors, however, recommend that a share certificate should be issued and taken into possession by the acquirer or pledgee, which ultimately portrays an uncertainty of whether creditor protection can be received for shares without a share certificate.
The Swedish Government Official Reports are neither substantiated by a strong enough argument nor do they have enough authority to prescribe what the law is with certainty. In the legal literature there are two arguments that to some degree speak towards that creditor protection can be received through a notice of assignment of claim to the company. Other views presented in the legal literature are on the other hand generally poorly substantiated, and there-fore carry very little weight in the matter. To conclude, both the legislative history and the legal literature indicate that creditor protection can be received. The statements are however neither convincing nor authoritative enough to draw the conclusion that they without any uncertainty prescribe what the law says. Therefore, it is unclear if creditor protection can be received for shares without a share certificate. However, if creditor protection could be received, it would likely be received through a notice of assignment of claim to the company. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9152865
- author
- Rehnström, Jakob LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20241
- year
- 2024
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- civilrätt, private law, associationsrätt, sakrätt, aktier, aktiebrev, denuntiation
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9152865
- date added to LUP
- 2024-06-26 12:15:47
- date last changed
- 2024-06-26 12:15:47
@misc{9152865, abstract = {{In kupongbolaget, a type of limited company, the share is supposed to be manifested in a share certificate. It is, however, not mandatory to issue such a share certificate. Because of the inconveniences that the share certificate poses both for the shareholder and the limited company, it is not uncommon that share certificates are not issued. If a share certificate has been issued, The Swedish Companies Act (2005:551) expressly states that an acquirer or a pledgee can receive creditor protection. The same regulation does however not exist if a share certificate has not been issued, nor has the supreme court spoken on the issue. This paper aims to investigate whether an acquirer or pledgee can receive creditor protection for shares without a share certificate, and how the creditor protection would be received. To achieve the aim of the paper, a legal dogmatic method is used. However, due to the available material being of lesser authority, the method is accompanied with a critical perspective. The question whether creditor protection can be received has been covered in two Swedish Government Official Reports: SOU 1941:9 and SOU 2009:34. In the first report, it is stated that creditor protection can be obtained through a notice of assignment of claim (notifying the company) of the acquisition or pledge. That is done in an analogy with section 31 of the Act on Instruments on Debt (1936:81). The more recent report, however, arrives at the conclusion that it is uncertain if creditor protection can be received for shares without a share certificate. The matter has also been covered in legal literature, where the general view, with two exceptions however, is that creditor protection can be received by notifying the company of the acquisition or pledge. The idea that creditor protection for shares without a share certificate potentially can be received by notifying the company of the acquisition or pledge has also been portrayed in three texts written by lawyers. The authors, however, recommend that a share certificate should be issued and taken into possession by the acquirer or pledgee, which ultimately portrays an uncertainty of whether creditor protection can be received for shares without a share certificate. The Swedish Government Official Reports are neither substantiated by a strong enough argument nor do they have enough authority to prescribe what the law is with certainty. In the legal literature there are two arguments that to some degree speak towards that creditor protection can be received through a notice of assignment of claim to the company. Other views presented in the legal literature are on the other hand generally poorly substantiated, and there-fore carry very little weight in the matter. To conclude, both the legislative history and the legal literature indicate that creditor protection can be received. The statements are however neither convincing nor authoritative enough to draw the conclusion that they without any uncertainty prescribe what the law says. Therefore, it is unclear if creditor protection can be received for shares without a share certificate. However, if creditor protection could be received, it would likely be received through a notice of assignment of claim to the company.}}, author = {{Rehnström, Jakob}}, language = {{swe}}, note = {{Student Paper}}, title = {{Återupptäckten av aktiebrevets nödvändighet för sakrättsligt skydd - En rättsvetenskaplig utredning avseende om en förvärvare eller panthavare av aktier utan aktiebrev kan få sakrättsligt skydd}}, year = {{2024}}, }