Samröre eller deltagande? En undersökning utifrån terroristbrottslagen
(2024) LAGF03 20241Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Terrorism och bekämpningen av den är ett alltid lika relevant ämne. Efter den 11 september 2001 var det en stor uppslutning bland det internationella samfundet och det slöts flera överenskommelser både i Förenta nationerna och senare även på EU-nivå. Det är dessa överenskommelser som lade grunden till den svenska lagstiftningen mot terrorism.
De senaste åren har Sverige valt en ny metod i kampen mot terrorism. Denna metod är att utöka kriminaliseringen för att kunna förhindra fler terrorhandlingar i framtiden. Det som är unikt med de senaste kriminaliseringarna är att regeringen numera kriminaliserat både samröre med en terroristorganisation och deltagande i en terroristorganisation. Brotten la-des till i terroristbrottslagen. Rekvisiten... (More) - Terrorism och bekämpningen av den är ett alltid lika relevant ämne. Efter den 11 september 2001 var det en stor uppslutning bland det internationella samfundet och det slöts flera överenskommelser både i Förenta nationerna och senare även på EU-nivå. Det är dessa överenskommelser som lade grunden till den svenska lagstiftningen mot terrorism.
De senaste åren har Sverige valt en ny metod i kampen mot terrorism. Denna metod är att utöka kriminaliseringen för att kunna förhindra fler terrorhandlingar i framtiden. Det som är unikt med de senaste kriminaliseringarna är att regeringen numera kriminaliserat både samröre med en terroristorganisation och deltagande i en terroristorganisation. Brotten la-des till i terroristbrottslagen. Rekvisiten till dessa brott är väldigt brett formulerade och därför finns det en stor mängd handlingar som potentiellt skulle kunna inkluderas i brotten. Båda dessa brott är väldigt lika sett till sina rekvisit och det har framförts kritik från flera remissinstanser om det verkligen finns ett behov av att ha båda brotten.
Vidare har det även framförts kritik mot deltagandebrottet, då regeringen behövde ändra grundlagen för att införa detta brott. Amnesty som var remissinstans menade att deltagandebrottet var för otydligt formulerat. Detta menar Amnesty gör det svårt att förutse exakt vilka handlingar som är kriminaliserade, vilket går emot förutsebarhetsprincipen och legalitets-principen. Amnesty menade även att lagförslaget genom sin försvarlighetsbedömning riskerade att leda till politisk styrning av domstolarna. Slutligen var Amnesty även kritiska till att den nuvarande regeringen gått vidare med lagförslaget trots Lagrådets avrådan.
Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om det finns några tydliga skillnader mellan brotten samröre med en terroristorganisation och deltagande i en terroristorganisation. Det undersöks även om Amnesty har fog för den kritik som de riktat mot lagförslaget.
Uppsatsen kommer fram till att det finns några små skillnader mellan brotten. Dessa skillnader är att samrörelsebrottet är subsidiärt till deltagande-brottet och att brotten sannolikt riktar in sig på olika grupper. Uppsatsen kommer fram till att samrörelsebrottet sannolikt är till för att komma åt personer som sympatiserar med terroristorganisationen men som inte är så pass aktiva att de kan anses som medlemmar till skillnad från deltagande-brottet som avser att komma åt alla som är aktiva medlemmar i terrorist-organisationen. Vidare argumenteras det för i uppsatsen att Amnestys kritik är väl avvägt och korrekt. Amnesty har rätt i att det är farligt med otydligt formulerade brott och att deltagandebrottet i sin nuvarande form skulle kunna bjuda in till påverkan både från främmande makt och inhemska aktörer. (Less) - Abstract
- Terrorism and the struggle against it are always relevant topics. After the terror attacks on the 11th of September 2001 the international community rallied together against international terrorism. Both the United Nations and the European Union came to several agreements among themselves to fight terrorism. These agreements and conventions laid the groundwork for the Swedish legislation on the subject.
In recent years, the Swedish government have chosen a new method to fight terrorism. This method is to increase and widen the number of actions that are considered criminal. With the goal of preventing terror attacks in the future. The unique part of the latest legislation is the introduction of two new crimes to the Terrorist Offence act.... (More) - Terrorism and the struggle against it are always relevant topics. After the terror attacks on the 11th of September 2001 the international community rallied together against international terrorism. Both the United Nations and the European Union came to several agreements among themselves to fight terrorism. These agreements and conventions laid the groundwork for the Swedish legislation on the subject.
In recent years, the Swedish government have chosen a new method to fight terrorism. This method is to increase and widen the number of actions that are considered criminal. With the goal of preventing terror attacks in the future. The unique part of the latest legislation is the introduction of two new crimes to the Terrorist Offence act. These two crimes are associa-tion with a terrorist organisation and participation in a terrorist organisa-tion. The definitions of these crimes are very wide and there is therefore hard to know exactly which acts that are considered illegal. These two crimes’ requirements are also very similar and there has been criticism from the consultations bodies that question the need to have both crimes.
There has also been criticism against the crime of participation in a terror-ist organisation. This criticism stems from the government needing to change the constitution to be able to implement the crime. Amnesty inter-national, that was one of the consultation bodies was critical against how vague the definition of the crimes was. Amnesty therefore says that it would be hard to anticipate if a certain act would be illegal. This would go against the principle of Nulla poena sine lege certa. The law introduces an assessment that lets the judge dismiss the case if the actions are deemed excusable. Amnesty international is worried that this could lead to political interference from both foreign powers and domestic entities. Lastly, Am-nesty is critical towards the government for continuing with the legislation even though the Council on Legislation strongly advised against it.
The goal of this thesis is to investigate if there is any clear difference be-tween the crimes of association with a terrorist organisation and the crime of participating in a terrorist organisation. Secondly the thesis will look at Amnesty international´s critique of the legislation and evaluate if it is cor-rect and justified.
This paper concludes that are a few minor differences between the two crimes. Firstly, the crime of association is subsidiary to the crime of par-ticipation. Secondly, these two crimes are likely intended to be used against different groups of people. The crime of association is likely to be used against people that are sympathetic towards the terrorist organisation, but not active enough to be considered members. The crime of participa-tion is instead supposed to be used against all active members that are in-volved and helping the terrorist organisation. The paper also argues that the criticism from Amnesty International is correct and justified. Vague definitions of crimes are dangerous and go against several legislative prin-ciples. They are also right in their worries that the assessment of excusable actions could invite outside interference. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9152931
- author
- Lithner, Samuel LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20241
- year
- 2024
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- straffrätt, terroristbrottslagen, terrorism
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9152931
- date added to LUP
- 2024-06-26 12:02:14
- date last changed
- 2024-06-26 12:02:14
@misc{9152931,
abstract = {{Terrorism and the struggle against it are always relevant topics. After the terror attacks on the 11th of September 2001 the international community rallied together against international terrorism. Both the United Nations and the European Union came to several agreements among themselves to fight terrorism. These agreements and conventions laid the groundwork for the Swedish legislation on the subject.
In recent years, the Swedish government have chosen a new method to fight terrorism. This method is to increase and widen the number of actions that are considered criminal. With the goal of preventing terror attacks in the future. The unique part of the latest legislation is the introduction of two new crimes to the Terrorist Offence act. These two crimes are associa-tion with a terrorist organisation and participation in a terrorist organisa-tion. The definitions of these crimes are very wide and there is therefore hard to know exactly which acts that are considered illegal. These two crimes’ requirements are also very similar and there has been criticism from the consultations bodies that question the need to have both crimes.
There has also been criticism against the crime of participation in a terror-ist organisation. This criticism stems from the government needing to change the constitution to be able to implement the crime. Amnesty inter-national, that was one of the consultation bodies was critical against how vague the definition of the crimes was. Amnesty therefore says that it would be hard to anticipate if a certain act would be illegal. This would go against the principle of Nulla poena sine lege certa. The law introduces an assessment that lets the judge dismiss the case if the actions are deemed excusable. Amnesty international is worried that this could lead to political interference from both foreign powers and domestic entities. Lastly, Am-nesty is critical towards the government for continuing with the legislation even though the Council on Legislation strongly advised against it.
The goal of this thesis is to investigate if there is any clear difference be-tween the crimes of association with a terrorist organisation and the crime of participating in a terrorist organisation. Secondly the thesis will look at Amnesty international´s critique of the legislation and evaluate if it is cor-rect and justified.
This paper concludes that are a few minor differences between the two crimes. Firstly, the crime of association is subsidiary to the crime of par-ticipation. Secondly, these two crimes are likely intended to be used against different groups of people. The crime of association is likely to be used against people that are sympathetic towards the terrorist organisation, but not active enough to be considered members. The crime of participa-tion is instead supposed to be used against all active members that are in-volved and helping the terrorist organisation. The paper also argues that the criticism from Amnesty International is correct and justified. Vague definitions of crimes are dangerous and go against several legislative prin-ciples. They are also right in their worries that the assessment of excusable actions could invite outside interference.}},
author = {{Lithner, Samuel}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Samröre eller deltagande? En undersökning utifrån terroristbrottslagen}},
year = {{2024}},
}