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Hemlig avlyssning utan brottsmisstanke - ett effektivt verktyg för att bekämpa organiserad brottslighet?

Nilsson, Cornelia LU (2024) JURM02 20241
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract
The fact that the deadly violence has increased in recent years is hard to circumvent. It is within the criminal environment that the deadly violence has increased particularly. This places higher demands on both the law enforcement authorities and the legislature in creating new and more measures to combat this criminal behavior. One of these measures has been to expand the possibility for the police to use secret wiretapping for preventive purposes in more cases, including in the cases of crimes such as murder, weapons crimes and drug crimes.
The main purpose of the essay is to critically discuss the eventual efficiency of the new opportunity for expanded use of preventive wiretapping, in other words if the change in law will lead to... (More)
The fact that the deadly violence has increased in recent years is hard to circumvent. It is within the criminal environment that the deadly violence has increased particularly. This places higher demands on both the law enforcement authorities and the legislature in creating new and more measures to combat this criminal behavior. One of these measures has been to expand the possibility for the police to use secret wiretapping for preventive purposes in more cases, including in the cases of crimes such as murder, weapons crimes and drug crimes.
The main purpose of the essay is to critically discuss the eventual efficiency of the new opportunity for expanded use of preventive wiretapping, in other words if the change in law will lead to the police’s prevention and fighting of crimes in a more efficient way than before. Efficiency in relation to crime fighting is one of the most important functions of the criminal process, which is explained in more detail trough Herbert Packer’s model of crime control. Furthermore, efficiency can be defined in different ways, but it is Packer’s and Ulväng’s ideas of the term that are central for this project as they give a good picture of the term in relation to the purpose of the essay.
Furthermore, three interviews are carried out with three practitioners within the framework of the essay. The qualitative interview study aims to connect the otherwise theoretical and descriptive work to reality by including a prosecutor, a lawyer and a judge’s perspective on the research questions and the core of the essay. Through the interviews, the practitioners get to share their experiences with secret and preventive coercive measures, as well as their opinions on issues surrounding the new law change and what it can mean for a more effective crime control.
A legal dogmatic method is used throughout the essay, where the applicable law is presented as well as how the legislation has evolved during time. Finally, arguments de lege feranda is made, that is, arguments on how the law should look, in the sense that arguments are made about how effective the new law change might be and thus whether it should have evolved as it has. In this, the legislator’s will and the purpose of the law are compared with the goals of the crime control function of the criminal process as well as the definitions of efficiency that has been established through different models and ideas. Furthermore, criticism by different bodies considering proposed legislation is discussed, in relation to how this could affect the possible efficiency of the legislation.
One conclusion that the work has led to is initially that the conception of efficiency is not easy to firmly define, as it can mean different things in different contexts. Based on what has been presented in the essay, an overall definition can be drawn that an effective crime control is one where the police and other crime control authorities prevent and subsequently fight and control as many crimes as possible at a relatively fast pace and that the methods should be cost-effective and laborsaving.
My assessment of the efficiency in relation to the new legislation is as follows. In relation to the above definition, the new legislation should be effective in the way that it probably will be a successful method to prevent and fight crimes, if it is used correct and the wiretaps are directed towards the right people. Thus, there are still some issues concerning the extended opportunity to use wiretaps under these circumstances in relation to efficiency. For instance, an extended use of wiretaps will require more law enforcement resources, which is questionable if possible. This can affect the efficiency of the new legislation, as well as for example the risk of the legislation being complicated and unpredictable. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Att det dödliga våldet har ökat de senaste åren är svårt att undgå. Speciellt har våldet ökat inom den kriminella miljön. Detta ställer högre krav på både de brottsbekämpande myndigheterna och lagstiftaren i att skapa nya och fler åtgärder för att bekämpa denna brottslighet. En av dessa åtgärder har varit att utöka möjligheten för bland annat polisen att använda sig av hemlig avlyssning av elektronisk kommunikation i preventivt syfte i fler fall, bland annat vid brott som mord, vapenbrott och narkotikabrott.
Syftet med arbetet är att kritiskt diskutera hur effektiv den här nya möjligheten till utökad användning av preventiv avlyssning torde kunna vara, det vill säga om lagändringen innebär att polisen bland annat kommer förebygga,... (More)
Att det dödliga våldet har ökat de senaste åren är svårt att undgå. Speciellt har våldet ökat inom den kriminella miljön. Detta ställer högre krav på både de brottsbekämpande myndigheterna och lagstiftaren i att skapa nya och fler åtgärder för att bekämpa denna brottslighet. En av dessa åtgärder har varit att utöka möjligheten för bland annat polisen att använda sig av hemlig avlyssning av elektronisk kommunikation i preventivt syfte i fler fall, bland annat vid brott som mord, vapenbrott och narkotikabrott.
Syftet med arbetet är att kritiskt diskutera hur effektiv den här nya möjligheten till utökad användning av preventiv avlyssning torde kunna vara, det vill säga om lagändringen innebär att polisen bland annat kommer förebygga, förhindra och bekämpa brott på ett mer effektivt sätt än tidigare. Effektivitet i förhållande till brottsbekämpning är en av de viktigaste funktionerna för straffprocessen, vilket redogörs för närmare genom bland annat Herbert Packers modell om brottsbekämpning. Vidare kan effektivitet definieras på olika sätt, men i sammanhanget används främst Packer och Ulvängs definitioner av begreppet då de ger en bra bild av begreppet i förhållande till uppsatsens syfte.
Vidare utförs tre intervjuer med tre praktikern inom ramen för uppsatsen. Den kvalitativa intervjustudien syftar till att förena det i övrigt teoretiska och deskriptiva arbetet med verkligheten genom att inkludera en åklagare, en advokat och en domares perspektiv på forskningsfrågorna och kärnan av arbetet. Genom intervjuerna får praktikerna dela med sig av vilken erfarenhet de har kring hemliga och preventiva tvångsmedel samt deras åsikter i frågor kring den nya lagändringen och vad den kan innebära för en mer effektiv brottsbekämpning.
En rättsdogmatisk metod används genom hela arbetet, där dels gällande rätt presenteras och hur lagstiftningen har utvecklats på senare tid. Slutligen förs argument de lege feranda, det vill säga hur lagen eventuellt bör se ut, i den mening att det förs argument kring hur effektiv den nya lagändringen torde vara och således om den borde ha utvecklats som den gjort. I detta jämförs lagstiftarens vilja och syfte med de mål som finns för den brottsbekämpande funktionen i straffprocessen samt de definitioner som ställts fram kring effektivitet. Vidare diskuteras den kritik som har riktats mot lagändringen och hur detta skulle påverka den eventuella effektiviteten.
En slutsats arbetet lett till är inledningsvis att begreppet effektivitet inte är lätt att bestämt definiera, med anledning av att det kan innebära olika saker i olika sammanhang. Utifrån det som presenterats i uppsatsen kan en övergripande definition göras kring att en effektiv brottskontroll är en sådan där polisen och andra brottsbekämpande myndigheter förebygger och därefter bekämpar och kontrollerar så många brott som möjligt i relativt hög takt och att metoderna bör vara kostnadseffektiva och arbetsbesparande.
Min bedömning av effektiviteten i förhållande till den nya lagändringen är således som följer. I förhållande till ovanstående definition av effektivitet, torde den nya lagändringen vara effektiv på det sätt att den sannolikt kommer att vara en framgångsrik metod för att förebygga och bekämpa brott, om den används korrekt och avlyssningarna riktas mot rätt personer. Det finns dock fortfarande vissa problem rörande effektiviteten av den utökade möjligheten att använda hemlig avlyssning i preventivt skede i fler fall. Till exempel kommer en utökad användning av telefonavlyssning att kräva mer brottsbekämpande resurser, vilket är tveksamt om möjligt. Detta kan påverka effektiviteten av den nya lagstiftningen, liksom till exempel risken för att lagstiftningen blir komplicerad och oförutsägbar. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Nilsson, Cornelia LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Secret wiretapping without criminal suspicion - an effective tool to fight organized crime?
course
JURM02 20241
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
straffrätt, hemliga tvångsmedel, hemlig avlyssning av elektronisk kommunikation, brottsbekämpning, effektivitet
language
Swedish
id
9153126
date added to LUP
2024-06-05 14:12:43
date last changed
2024-06-05 14:12:43
@misc{9153126,
  abstract     = {{The fact that the deadly violence has increased in recent years is hard to circumvent. It is within the criminal environment that the deadly violence has increased particularly. This places higher demands on both the law enforcement authorities and the legislature in creating new and more measures to combat this criminal behavior. One of these measures has been to expand the possibility for the police to use secret wiretapping for preventive purposes in more cases, including in the cases of crimes such as murder, weapons crimes and drug crimes.
The main purpose of the essay is to critically discuss the eventual efficiency of the new opportunity for expanded use of preventive wiretapping, in other words if the change in law will lead to the police’s prevention and fighting of crimes in a more efficient way than before. Efficiency in relation to crime fighting is one of the most important functions of the criminal process, which is explained in more detail trough Herbert Packer’s model of crime control. Furthermore, efficiency can be defined in different ways, but it is Packer’s and Ulväng’s ideas of the term that are central for this project as they give a good picture of the term in relation to the purpose of the essay.
Furthermore, three interviews are carried out with three practitioners within the framework of the essay. The qualitative interview study aims to connect the otherwise theoretical and descriptive work to reality by including a prosecutor, a lawyer and a judge’s perspective on the research questions and the core of the essay. Through the interviews, the practitioners get to share their experiences with secret and preventive coercive measures, as well as their opinions on issues surrounding the new law change and what it can mean for a more effective crime control.
A legal dogmatic method is used throughout the essay, where the applicable law is presented as well as how the legislation has evolved during time. Finally, arguments de lege feranda is made, that is, arguments on how the law should look, in the sense that arguments are made about how effective the new law change might be and thus whether it should have evolved as it has. In this, the legislator’s will and the purpose of the law are compared with the goals of the crime control function of the criminal process as well as the definitions of efficiency that has been established through different models and ideas. Furthermore, criticism by different bodies considering proposed legislation is discussed, in relation to how this could affect the possible efficiency of the legislation.
One conclusion that the work has led to is initially that the conception of efficiency is not easy to firmly define, as it can mean different things in different contexts. Based on what has been presented in the essay, an overall definition can be drawn that an effective crime control is one where the police and other crime control authorities prevent and subsequently fight and control as many crimes as possible at a relatively fast pace and that the methods should be cost-effective and laborsaving.
My assessment of the efficiency in relation to the new legislation is as follows. In relation to the above definition, the new legislation should be effective in the way that it probably will be a successful method to prevent and fight crimes, if it is used correct and the wiretaps are directed towards the right people. Thus, there are still some issues concerning the extended opportunity to use wiretaps under these circumstances in relation to efficiency. For instance, an extended use of wiretaps will require more law enforcement resources, which is questionable if possible. This can affect the efficiency of the new legislation, as well as for example the risk of the legislation being complicated and unpredictable.}},
  author       = {{Nilsson, Cornelia}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Hemlig avlyssning utan brottsmisstanke - ett effektivt verktyg för att bekämpa organiserad brottslighet?}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}