Bevisprövning och rättssäkerhet - En studie av Balkongmålets metod för bevisbedömning
(2024) LAGF03 20241Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- NJA 2015 s. 702, ofta kallat Balkongmålet, har under åren väckt stor uppmärksamhet till följd av fallets introduktion av en ny bevisprövningsmetod. Modellen har kommit att kallas ”Balkongmetoden” och innebär att domstolen i första hand tar hänsyn till bevisningen till stöd för gärningsbeskrivningen. Bara i de fall åklagarens bevisning i sig uppnår beviskravet vägs denna mot bevisningen som talar till den tilltalades fördel. Medan det ofta hänvisas till fallet i underrättsdomar så har diskussioner i doktrinen haft en mer kritisk inställning. En framträdande del av denna kritik rör rättssäkerhetsproblem.
Syftet med uppsatsen har därför varit att undersöka bevisprövningsmodellen utifrån ett kritiskt rättssäkerhetsperspektiv.... (More) - NJA 2015 s. 702, ofta kallat Balkongmålet, har under åren väckt stor uppmärksamhet till följd av fallets introduktion av en ny bevisprövningsmetod. Modellen har kommit att kallas ”Balkongmetoden” och innebär att domstolen i första hand tar hänsyn till bevisningen till stöd för gärningsbeskrivningen. Bara i de fall åklagarens bevisning i sig uppnår beviskravet vägs denna mot bevisningen som talar till den tilltalades fördel. Medan det ofta hänvisas till fallet i underrättsdomar så har diskussioner i doktrinen haft en mer kritisk inställning. En framträdande del av denna kritik rör rättssäkerhetsproblem.
Syftet med uppsatsen har därför varit att undersöka bevisprövningsmodellen utifrån ett kritiskt rättssäkerhetsperspektiv. Frågeställningen har således rört hur Balkongmetoden påverkar rättssäkerhetsvärden såsom förutsebarhet, objektivitet och korrekt bevisvärdering.
Uppsatsens metod har varit rättsdogmatisk och har därför utgått från rättskälleläran för att fastställa Balkongmetodens innehåll. Doktrin har använts dels för att fastställa ett rättssäkerhetsbegrepp, dels för att presentera den diskussion som förts kring metoden. Synpunkterna från den juridiska litteraturen har legat till grund för analysen.
Uppsatsens analys visar att det finns flera fördelar med Balkongmetoden – exempelvis att den tydliga strukturen och de därigenom mer pedagogiska domskälen kan bidra både till ökad förutsebarhet och objektivitet i bevisvärderingen. Fördelarna överskuggas dock av de många problem som leder till att åklagarens bevisning får ett för högt bevisvärde. Att döma en tilltalad utan erforderlig bevisning strider mot kravet på lagstöd och går därför emot rättssäkerhetsbegreppet. Sammanfattningsvis bedöms att Balkongmetodens fördelar likväl hade kunnat uppnås med en annan metod för bevisprövning, som inte har så svåra brister. Metodens problem är också så pass allvarliga att metoden, sett till rättssäkerheten, inte kan rekommenderas. (Less) - Abstract
- Ever since the ‘Balcony case’ introduced a new way of evaluating evidence, the method has been a subject of debate. The evaluation model, known as the ‘Balcony method’, offers a step-by-step structure that initially reviews the evidence presented by the prosecutor. Only if this evidence independently meets the evidentiary requirement may the court continue to the next step of the evaluation and take the evidence in favour of the defendant into account. While the lower courts often refer to the Balcony case, it has been subject to criticism in the literature of jurisprudence. An important part of that discussion concerns the impact on the rule of law.
The purpose of this essay has therefore been to examine the method from a critical... (More) - Ever since the ‘Balcony case’ introduced a new way of evaluating evidence, the method has been a subject of debate. The evaluation model, known as the ‘Balcony method’, offers a step-by-step structure that initially reviews the evidence presented by the prosecutor. Only if this evidence independently meets the evidentiary requirement may the court continue to the next step of the evaluation and take the evidence in favour of the defendant into account. While the lower courts often refer to the Balcony case, it has been subject to criticism in the literature of jurisprudence. An important part of that discussion concerns the impact on the rule of law.
The purpose of this essay has therefore been to examine the method from a critical perspective, specifically with the rule of law in mind. The question this paper aims to answer is thus how the Balcony method affects certain aspects of the rule of law. These aspects include foreseeability, objectivity, and accurate evidence evaluation.
The scientific method applied in this paper has depended on the sources of law to determine the content of the Balcony method in established law. Additionally, it was necessary to consult legal literature to define the ‘rule of law’ and to demonstrate the discussions and criticism that the method has been subject to. These discussions have laid the foundation for the analysis.
The analysis showed that the Balcony method has certain benefits - both in its specific structure as well as the more easily understood reasoning of the court. This fosters objectivity and foreseeability. The benefits are, however, overshadowed by the faults of the method, causing an inaccurate evaluation of the evidence. The problem is significant - to convict a defendant without proper evidence contradicts the rule of law. In conclusion, while some type of method for evidence evaluation is valuable, it can and should be created in a way that does not present such disadvantages. The Balcony method has, in its current state, such serious consequences for the rule of law that the method cannot be recommended. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9153247
- author
- Åkesson, Emmie LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20241
- year
- 2024
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- processrätt, rättssäkerhet, bevisprövning, balkongmålet
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9153247
- date added to LUP
- 2024-06-26 12:31:37
- date last changed
- 2024-06-26 12:31:37
@misc{9153247,
abstract = {{Ever since the ‘Balcony case’ introduced a new way of evaluating evidence, the method has been a subject of debate. The evaluation model, known as the ‘Balcony method’, offers a step-by-step structure that initially reviews the evidence presented by the prosecutor. Only if this evidence independently meets the evidentiary requirement may the court continue to the next step of the evaluation and take the evidence in favour of the defendant into account. While the lower courts often refer to the Balcony case, it has been subject to criticism in the literature of jurisprudence. An important part of that discussion concerns the impact on the rule of law.
The purpose of this essay has therefore been to examine the method from a critical perspective, specifically with the rule of law in mind. The question this paper aims to answer is thus how the Balcony method affects certain aspects of the rule of law. These aspects include foreseeability, objectivity, and accurate evidence evaluation.
The scientific method applied in this paper has depended on the sources of law to determine the content of the Balcony method in established law. Additionally, it was necessary to consult legal literature to define the ‘rule of law’ and to demonstrate the discussions and criticism that the method has been subject to. These discussions have laid the foundation for the analysis.
The analysis showed that the Balcony method has certain benefits - both in its specific structure as well as the more easily understood reasoning of the court. This fosters objectivity and foreseeability. The benefits are, however, overshadowed by the faults of the method, causing an inaccurate evaluation of the evidence. The problem is significant - to convict a defendant without proper evidence contradicts the rule of law. In conclusion, while some type of method for evidence evaluation is valuable, it can and should be created in a way that does not present such disadvantages. The Balcony method has, in its current state, such serious consequences for the rule of law that the method cannot be recommended.}},
author = {{Åkesson, Emmie}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Bevisprövning och rättssäkerhet - En studie av Balkongmålets metod för bevisbedömning}},
year = {{2024}},
}