EU vs. Tech-giganterna: En närmare utredning av förordningarna om digitala tjänster och digitala marknader i ljuset av artikel 16 i EU-stadgan
(2024) JURM02 20241Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Artikel 16 i EU-stadgan reglerar näringsfriheten om fritt utövande av ekonomisk och kommersiell verksamhet. EU-kommissionen har tagit fram paketet om digitala tjänster som svar på behovet av att reglera det digitala landskapet och således inskränkt vissa företags näringsfrihet. Paketet består av förordning om digitala tjänster (DSA) och förordningen om digitala marknader (DMA). Denna uppsats syftar till att utreda och diskutera skyldigheterna som ställs upp i förordningarna i ljuset av artikel 16 i EU-stadgan om näringsfrihet.
Artikel 16 får begränsas i enlighet med artikel 52.1 i EU-stadgan. Begränsningarna måste utgöra legitima skäl av allmänintresse som erkänns av unionen och en rimlig avvägning ska göras vid en rättighetskonflikt.... (More) - Artikel 16 i EU-stadgan reglerar näringsfriheten om fritt utövande av ekonomisk och kommersiell verksamhet. EU-kommissionen har tagit fram paketet om digitala tjänster som svar på behovet av att reglera det digitala landskapet och således inskränkt vissa företags näringsfrihet. Paketet består av förordning om digitala tjänster (DSA) och förordningen om digitala marknader (DMA). Denna uppsats syftar till att utreda och diskutera skyldigheterna som ställs upp i förordningarna i ljuset av artikel 16 i EU-stadgan om näringsfrihet.
Artikel 16 får begränsas i enlighet med artikel 52.1 i EU-stadgan. Begränsningarna måste utgöra legitima skäl av allmänintresse som erkänns av unionen och en rimlig avvägning ska göras vid en rättighetskonflikt. Näringsfriheten anses vidare i praxis särskilt kunna inskränkas sett till allmänintresset. Vid en rättighetskonflikt väger mänskliga rättigheterna såsom yttrandefriheten och skyddet för det privata tungt. Äganderätten får dock stå tillbaka flera gånger i praxis. I praxis har EU-domstolen slagit fast att näringsfriheten bland annat omfattar rätten för varje företag att fritt disponera över sina ekonomiska, tekniska och finansiella resurser. Det blir dock tydligt att en inskränkning inte anses oproportionerlig om det fortsatt är möjligt för företaget att bedriva sin näringsverksamhet.
DSA och DMA är grundande på det allmänna intresset av funktionen av den inre marknaden. De berör även en rad andra rättigheter som skyddas av stadgan. Förordningarna uppställer gradvisa skyldigheter på leverantörer av digitala tjänster utefter dels företagets kapacitet, dels risken de innebär för den inre marknaden och unionsmedborgares rättigheter. Skyldigheterna i förordningarna berör delvis flödet av data, motverkandet av desinformation och olagligt innehåll samt förbud av vissa aktiviteter för företag som anses rubba den fria konkurrensen.
Uppsatsen drar slutsatsen att inskränkningarna som görs av näringsfriheten är välgrundade och baserar sig på en strävan för att uppnå legitima mål inom och för unionen. Även om det således rör sig om kraftiga inskränkningar får det anses vägas upp av de legitima intressena bakom lagstiftningen och strävan om att upprätthålla funktionen av den inre digitala marknaden. Aktörerna som förordningarna riktar sig mot innehar en sådan dominans och viktiga positioner i den digitala eran att lagstiftningen får ses som direkt nödvändig för att upprätthålla den fria konkurrensen och utövandet av de grundläggande rättigheterna. Skyldigheterna som åläggs aktörerna samt de bakomliggande intressena är således i linje med den innebörd som artikel 16 har fått genom EU-domstolens praxis. (Less) - Abstract
- Article 16 of the EU Charter regulates the freedom to conduct a business, the freedom to exercise an economic or commercial activity. The European Commission has developed the Digital Services Package in response to the need to regulate the digital landscape, thus restricting the freedom to conduct a business for some companies. The package consists of the Digital Services Act (DSA) and the Digital Markets Act (DMA). This paper aims to examine and discuss the obligations imposed by the Regulations in the light of Article 16 of the EU Charter on freedom to conduct business.
Article 16 may be restricted in accordance with Article 52.1 of the EU Charter. The restrictions must constitute legitimate reasons of public interest recognized by... (More) - Article 16 of the EU Charter regulates the freedom to conduct a business, the freedom to exercise an economic or commercial activity. The European Commission has developed the Digital Services Package in response to the need to regulate the digital landscape, thus restricting the freedom to conduct a business for some companies. The package consists of the Digital Services Act (DSA) and the Digital Markets Act (DMA). This paper aims to examine and discuss the obligations imposed by the Regulations in the light of Article 16 of the EU Charter on freedom to conduct business.
Article 16 may be restricted in accordance with Article 52.1 of the EU Charter. The restrictions must constitute legitimate reasons of public interest recognized by the Union and a reasonable balance must be struck in the event of a conflict between rights. Furthermore, in case law, the freedom to conduct a business may be particularly restricted in the public interest. In the event of a conflict of rights, human rights, such as freedom of expression and protection of privacy, are more prominent. In case law, the Court of Justice of the European Union has ruled that the freedom to conduct a business includes the right to dispose freely of a company's economic, technical and financial resources. However, it is clear that a restriction is not considered disproportionate if it is still possible for the company to carry out its business activities.
The DSA and DMA are justified by the public interest in the functioning of the internal market. The Regulations also address a range of other rights protected by the Charter. The Regulations impose progressive obligations on digital service providers according to the capacity of the company and the risk they pose to the internal market and the rights of EU citizens. The obligations in the Regulations partly concern the flow of data, the prevention of disinformation and illegal content, as well as the prohibition of certain activities of companies deemed to distort free competition.
The paper concludes that the restrictions imposed on the freedom to conduct a business are justified and based on the pursuit of legitimate objectives within and for the Union. Thus, although the restrictions are severe, they are justified by the legitimate interests behind the legislation and the aim of maintaining the functioning of the digital single market. The companies targeted by the Regulations have such dominance and important positions in the digital era that the legislation can be seen as directly necessary to maintain free competition and the exercise of fundamental rights. The obligations imposed on operators and the underlying interests are thus in line with the meaning given to Article 16 by the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9156044
- author
- Åkerberg, Josefin LU
- supervisor
- organization
- alternative title
- The EU vs. the Tech Giants: A closer look at the Digital Services Act and Digital Markets Act in light of Article 16 of the EU Charter
- course
- JURM02 20241
- year
- 2024
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- EU-rätt, konkurrensrätt
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9156044
- date added to LUP
- 2024-06-10 09:01:08
- date last changed
- 2024-06-10 09:01:08
@misc{9156044,
abstract = {{Article 16 of the EU Charter regulates the freedom to conduct a business, the freedom to exercise an economic or commercial activity. The European Commission has developed the Digital Services Package in response to the need to regulate the digital landscape, thus restricting the freedom to conduct a business for some companies. The package consists of the Digital Services Act (DSA) and the Digital Markets Act (DMA). This paper aims to examine and discuss the obligations imposed by the Regulations in the light of Article 16 of the EU Charter on freedom to conduct business.
Article 16 may be restricted in accordance with Article 52.1 of the EU Charter. The restrictions must constitute legitimate reasons of public interest recognized by the Union and a reasonable balance must be struck in the event of a conflict between rights. Furthermore, in case law, the freedom to conduct a business may be particularly restricted in the public interest. In the event of a conflict of rights, human rights, such as freedom of expression and protection of privacy, are more prominent. In case law, the Court of Justice of the European Union has ruled that the freedom to conduct a business includes the right to dispose freely of a company's economic, technical and financial resources. However, it is clear that a restriction is not considered disproportionate if it is still possible for the company to carry out its business activities.
The DSA and DMA are justified by the public interest in the functioning of the internal market. The Regulations also address a range of other rights protected by the Charter. The Regulations impose progressive obligations on digital service providers according to the capacity of the company and the risk they pose to the internal market and the rights of EU citizens. The obligations in the Regulations partly concern the flow of data, the prevention of disinformation and illegal content, as well as the prohibition of certain activities of companies deemed to distort free competition.
The paper concludes that the restrictions imposed on the freedom to conduct a business are justified and based on the pursuit of legitimate objectives within and for the Union. Thus, although the restrictions are severe, they are justified by the legitimate interests behind the legislation and the aim of maintaining the functioning of the digital single market. The companies targeted by the Regulations have such dominance and important positions in the digital era that the legislation can be seen as directly necessary to maintain free competition and the exercise of fundamental rights. The obligations imposed on operators and the underlying interests are thus in line with the meaning given to Article 16 by the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union.}},
author = {{Åkerberg, Josefin}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{EU vs. Tech-giganterna: En närmare utredning av förordningarna om digitala tjänster och digitala marknader i ljuset av artikel 16 i EU-stadgan}},
year = {{2024}},
}