Leverantörs tillgång till information vid överprövning av upphandling – Metoder för anskaffning och tillgång till information efter parts- och domstolsaktivitet i mål om överprövning av offentlig upphandling
(2024) JURM02 20242Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Vid överprövning av en offentlig upphandling är information absolut nödvändigt för sökande leverantör. För bifall till yrkandet krävs att sökanden åberopar rättsligt relevanta omständigheter och för dessa i bevis. Hela sökandens processföring som sådan emanerar från den information som denna har tillgång till. Denna uppsats utreder hur en leverantör – efter egen aktivitet samt med hjälp av domstolen – kan få tillgång till information, vilken i sin tur kan användas i en överprövning. Den information som fokuseras på särskilt är i form av konkurrerande leverantörs anbud i upphandlingen som är föremål för överprövning.
Uppsatsens metod består av två delar. Den första delen består av en utredning av vilka möjligheter till anskaffning av... (More) - Vid överprövning av en offentlig upphandling är information absolut nödvändigt för sökande leverantör. För bifall till yrkandet krävs att sökanden åberopar rättsligt relevanta omständigheter och för dessa i bevis. Hela sökandens processföring som sådan emanerar från den information som denna har tillgång till. Denna uppsats utreder hur en leverantör – efter egen aktivitet samt med hjälp av domstolen – kan få tillgång till information, vilken i sin tur kan användas i en överprövning. Den information som fokuseras på särskilt är i form av konkurrerande leverantörs anbud i upphandlingen som är föremål för överprövning.
Uppsatsens metod består av två delar. Den första delen består av en utredning av vilka möjligheter till anskaffning av samt tillgång till information som står till buds för leverantör inom ramen för gällande rätt. Denna utredning är rättsdogmatiskt orienterad. Mot bakgrund av dessa objektiva redogörelser för gällande rätt anläggs ett partsperspektiv, genom vilket leverantörs möjligheter och förekommande hinder illustreras.
Uppsatsen identifierar fyra centrala metoder genom vilka leverantör kan anskaffa och/eller få tillgång till information. I det föreliggande forskningsläget behandlas dessa metoder vanligen var för sig, isolerat från varandra. Denna uppsats ämnar att sammanföra dessa metoder, för att utreda om och i vilken mån de påverkar varandra. På så vis kan uppsatsen reflektera att leverantörs informationsanskaffning vid en överprövning inte är en isolerad händelse, utan ett kontinuerligt förlopp, tillika tillföra något till forskningsläget.
Två metoder kan enkom initieras av leverantör. Den första är genom en begäran om allmän handling enligt handlingsoffentligheten i TF, med beaktande av eventuella begränsningar i form av sekretess enligt OSL. Den andra är genom ett editionsyrkande inom ramen för överprövningsmålet. Resultatet av utredningen är att leverantör har få möjligheter till anskaffning och tillgång till information genom metoderna som sådana, speciellt vad avser konkurrerande leverantörs anbud.
Den tredje metoden är med hjälp av domstolen genom dess utredningsansvar enligt 8 § FPL. Av ett avgörande från EUD (C-450/06 Varec) och ett från HFD (HFD 2015 ref. 55) följer att domstolen under vissa förutsättningar är skyldig att inhämta sådan information som sökande leverantör önskar åberopa till stöd för sin talan men misslyckats med att få tillgång till på egen hand. Så är fallet om informationen krävs för att utsätta målet för en effektiv prövning, och leverantören i fråga får anses ha gjort vad som rimligen kan anses ankomma på denna för att få tillgång till information som denna anser utgör stöd för sin talan.
Den fjärde och sista metoden är partskommunikation och insyn i processmaterialet, vilken reglerar leverantörs tillgång till information som är anskaffad och tillförd målet av annan än leverantören själv, exempelvis genom edition eller domstolens utredningsansvar. Resultatet därvid av utredningen är att leverantör har få möjligheter till tillgång till information i form av konkurrerande leverantörs anbud.
När metoderna sammanförs är informationsanskaffning med hjälp av domstolen enligt dess utredningsansvar sökande leverantörs bästa möjlighet. De metoder som enkom kan initieras av leverantör – allmän handling och edition – är på egna ben inga goda möjligheter, men nödvändiga för att domstolen ska inhämta information, i egenskap av att utgöra ett led i prövningen huruvida leverantör kan anses ha gjort vad som rimligen ankommer på denna för att själv få tillgång till informationen. Om partskommunikationen begränsas får leverantör emellertid inte tillgång till den anskaffade informationen; ett sådant förfarande, där information uppdagas och tillförs domstolen, men leverantör inte får tillgång till, väljer jag i uppsatsen att benämna tillgängliggörande av information. Förfar leverantör i enlighet med de anvisningar som framförs i uppsatsens analytiska delar, har denna goda möjligheter att tillgängliggöra information, förutsatt att den krävs för en effektiv prövning av målet. (Less) - Abstract
- Information is an absolute necessity for a supplier when applying for a review procedure of a procurement. To succeed with the application, the supplier needs to fulfil its burden of invoking certain legally relevant facts, as well as its burden of proof for said facts; all of which require access to information. This paper investigates how said supplier – on its own in addition to with the assistance of the court – can access information which, in turn, can be used in the review procedure. The paper focuses mainly on information in form of a competing supplier’s tender in the procurement that is subject for review.
The methodology of the paper is twofold. The first part consists of the objective study of Swedish law with regard to... (More) - Information is an absolute necessity for a supplier when applying for a review procedure of a procurement. To succeed with the application, the supplier needs to fulfil its burden of invoking certain legally relevant facts, as well as its burden of proof for said facts; all of which require access to information. This paper investigates how said supplier – on its own in addition to with the assistance of the court – can access information which, in turn, can be used in the review procedure. The paper focuses mainly on information in form of a competing supplier’s tender in the procurement that is subject for review.
The methodology of the paper is twofold. The first part consists of the objective study of Swedish law with regard to what opportunities a supplier has to acquire and access information. On the basis of this study, the paper then assumes the perspective of the supplier, which serves to illustrate the supplier’s opportunities as well as potential obstacles.
Four central methods are presented in the paper. Using these a supplier can acquire and/or access information. Present research on the topic usually dissert these methods individually, without regard to how they (eventually) affect each other. Hence, the paper also aims to consolidate the four methods into a coherent whole.
Two of the four methods can be initiated exclusively by the supplier. The first of which is through a request to access an official document in accordance with The Freedom of the Press Act, with respect to eventual confidentiality in accordance with The Public Access to Information and Secrecy Act. The second method is through, within the review procedure, submitting a request for disclosure. The result of the study in this part is that a supplier has a low probability of acquiring and accessing information through these methods, especially when the information is a competitor’s tender.
The third method is through the assistance of the court. The administrative court has a responsibility to ensure that a case is as well investigated as its nature requires (duty of enquiry), as defined by Section 8 of The Administrative Court Procedure Act. In the light of a ruling from the CJEU (C-450/06 Varec) as well as the Supreme Administrative Court (HFD 2015 ref. 55), this duty of enquiry in some cases obligate the court to acquire information that the applying supplier has failed to acquire and wishes to invoke in the review procedure. This obligation in accordance with the duty of enquiry arises if the information is necessary for the court to be able to review the procurement effectively, plus if the supplier has taken sufficient steps to acquire the information on its own.
The fourth and final method of the paper is through the supplier’s right to be communicated information that has been acquired and submitted to the case by someone else than the supplier itself, for example through disclosure or the courts duty of enquiry. Therefore, these provisions regulate access to information, and not the acquirement of the same. The result of the study thereby is that a supplier has a low probability of gaining access to a competitor’s tender through the method.
Consolidating the four methods, it is shown in the paper that a supplier’s best opportunity to acquire information is with the assistance of the court through its duty of enquiry. While the methods that can be initiated exclusively by the supplier are ineffective on their own, they play a crucial role in acquiring information through the court’s duty of enquiry. These two methods are deciding factors in concluding whether the supplier has taken sufficient steps to acquire the information on its own. If the information is acquired in such manner, through the court’s duty of enquiry, but the supplier is denied access to said information, a special situation arises. This situation is defined in the paper as the supplier’s uncovering of information; said supplier has acted so that the information is acquired and submitted to the court, but will not get access to the same. Presumed that the information is necessary for the court to be able to review the procurement effectively, a supplier has good chances of uncovering information, seeing if the supplier acts in accordance with what is brought forth in this paper. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9179551
- author
- Bjärtros, Tim LU
- supervisor
- organization
- alternative title
- A supplier’s access to information in review procedures of public procurement – Methods for acquiring and accessing information by oneself and with the assistance of the court in review procedures of public procurement
- course
- JURM02 20242
- year
- 2024
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- förvaltningsprocessrätt, upphandlingsprocessrätt, offentlig upphandling, LOU, förvaltningsrätt, allmänna handlingar, sekretess, edition, domstolens utredningsansvar, officialprincipen
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9179551
- date added to LUP
- 2025-01-17 12:47:32
- date last changed
- 2025-01-17 12:47:32
@misc{9179551, abstract = {{Information is an absolute necessity for a supplier when applying for a review procedure of a procurement. To succeed with the application, the supplier needs to fulfil its burden of invoking certain legally relevant facts, as well as its burden of proof for said facts; all of which require access to information. This paper investigates how said supplier – on its own in addition to with the assistance of the court – can access information which, in turn, can be used in the review procedure. The paper focuses mainly on information in form of a competing supplier’s tender in the procurement that is subject for review. The methodology of the paper is twofold. The first part consists of the objective study of Swedish law with regard to what opportunities a supplier has to acquire and access information. On the basis of this study, the paper then assumes the perspective of the supplier, which serves to illustrate the supplier’s opportunities as well as potential obstacles. Four central methods are presented in the paper. Using these a supplier can acquire and/or access information. Present research on the topic usually dissert these methods individually, without regard to how they (eventually) affect each other. Hence, the paper also aims to consolidate the four methods into a coherent whole. Two of the four methods can be initiated exclusively by the supplier. The first of which is through a request to access an official document in accordance with The Freedom of the Press Act, with respect to eventual confidentiality in accordance with The Public Access to Information and Secrecy Act. The second method is through, within the review procedure, submitting a request for disclosure. The result of the study in this part is that a supplier has a low probability of acquiring and accessing information through these methods, especially when the information is a competitor’s tender. The third method is through the assistance of the court. The administrative court has a responsibility to ensure that a case is as well investigated as its nature requires (duty of enquiry), as defined by Section 8 of The Administrative Court Procedure Act. In the light of a ruling from the CJEU (C-450/06 Varec) as well as the Supreme Administrative Court (HFD 2015 ref. 55), this duty of enquiry in some cases obligate the court to acquire information that the applying supplier has failed to acquire and wishes to invoke in the review procedure. This obligation in accordance with the duty of enquiry arises if the information is necessary for the court to be able to review the procurement effectively, plus if the supplier has taken sufficient steps to acquire the information on its own. The fourth and final method of the paper is through the supplier’s right to be communicated information that has been acquired and submitted to the case by someone else than the supplier itself, for example through disclosure or the courts duty of enquiry. Therefore, these provisions regulate access to information, and not the acquirement of the same. The result of the study thereby is that a supplier has a low probability of gaining access to a competitor’s tender through the method. Consolidating the four methods, it is shown in the paper that a supplier’s best opportunity to acquire information is with the assistance of the court through its duty of enquiry. While the methods that can be initiated exclusively by the supplier are ineffective on their own, they play a crucial role in acquiring information through the court’s duty of enquiry. These two methods are deciding factors in concluding whether the supplier has taken sufficient steps to acquire the information on its own. If the information is acquired in such manner, through the court’s duty of enquiry, but the supplier is denied access to said information, a special situation arises. This situation is defined in the paper as the supplier’s uncovering of information; said supplier has acted so that the information is acquired and submitted to the court, but will not get access to the same. Presumed that the information is necessary for the court to be able to review the procurement effectively, a supplier has good chances of uncovering information, seeing if the supplier acts in accordance with what is brought forth in this paper.}}, author = {{Bjärtros, Tim}}, language = {{swe}}, note = {{Student Paper}}, title = {{Leverantörs tillgång till information vid överprövning av upphandling – Metoder för anskaffning och tillgång till information efter parts- och domstolsaktivitet i mål om överprövning av offentlig upphandling}}, year = {{2024}}, }