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FDI-granskning, nödvändigt ont eller onödigt hinder? - Om FDI-lagens ändamålsenlighet gentemot sitt syfte.

Martinsson, Oscar LU (2024) LAGF03 20242
Faculty of Law
Department of Law
Abstract
Over the past few years, tensions regarding national security have been on the rise due Russias invasion of Ukraina as well as attempts from foreign states to gain access to Swedish technology to further develop their international posi-tion of power through using strategic direct investments. In order to allow member states to combat the use of strategic direct investments made on their territory, the EU issued a regulation which established a framework through which member states could introduce national screening mechanisms with the purpose of protecting national security or public order.
On the basis of the passed regulation, the Swedish FDI-act was issued in December 2023. The purpose of the act being establishing grounds for... (More)
Over the past few years, tensions regarding national security have been on the rise due Russias invasion of Ukraina as well as attempts from foreign states to gain access to Swedish technology to further develop their international posi-tion of power through using strategic direct investments. In order to allow member states to combat the use of strategic direct investments made on their territory, the EU issued a regulation which established a framework through which member states could introduce national screening mechanisms with the purpose of protecting national security or public order.
On the basis of the passed regulation, the Swedish FDI-act was issued in December 2023. The purpose of the act being establishing grounds for interven-tion in some investments with strategic motives which can constitute a risk regarding Swedish security, public order or public security in Sweden.
The legislation is quite broad, which has been a big topic of discussion during the legislation process. Throughout these discussions, the legislator has been clear in highlighting the importance of Swedish security interests, which shall not be compromised. As a result, the scope of application of Swedish investment screening is very broad and encompasses more investors that what is necessarily needed to fulfill its purpose.
The analysis made throughout the writing of this essay is made to point out different aspects of the legislation that are not in my opinion in compliance with the purpose of the law. In this study, the scope of businesses that are included in the mandatory notification process, as well as the delimitations of the by law defined protected areas of business.
In the conclusion of the essay, it is stated that I believe the legislator can take further steps to ensure that the scope of operations of the legislation does not encompass more investments than it necessarily needs. It is also stated that the legislator can take further steps to simplify the process for some investors, by further defining the term “large scale” as stated in the legislation. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Under de senare åren, har säkerhetspolitiska spänningar förhöjts till följd av bland annat Rysslands invasion av Ukraina samt utländska försök att genom direktinvesteringar tillgodose sig med svensk teknik för att stärka sin globala ställning. För att tillåta medlemsstater att komma till bukt med strategiska direktinvesteringar som genomförs på deras territorie införde EU genom stiftandet av FDI-förordningen år 2019 en möjlighet för medlemsstater att införa granskningssystem med syfte att skydda nationell säkerhet eller allmän ordning.
Med grund i tidigare nämnda FDI-förordning stiftades december 2023 den svenska FDI-lagen, med syftet att kunna ingripa på investeringar som görs av strategiska motiv och som följd kan utgöra en risk för... (More)
Under de senare åren, har säkerhetspolitiska spänningar förhöjts till följd av bland annat Rysslands invasion av Ukraina samt utländska försök att genom direktinvesteringar tillgodose sig med svensk teknik för att stärka sin globala ställning. För att tillåta medlemsstater att komma till bukt med strategiska direktinvesteringar som genomförs på deras territorie införde EU genom stiftandet av FDI-förordningen år 2019 en möjlighet för medlemsstater att införa granskningssystem med syfte att skydda nationell säkerhet eller allmän ordning.
Med grund i tidigare nämnda FDI-förordning stiftades december 2023 den svenska FDI-lagen, med syftet att kunna ingripa på investeringar som görs av strategiska motiv och som följd kan utgöra en risk för Svensk säkerhet, all-män ordning eller allmän säkerhet i Sverige.
Den svenska lagstiftningen framstår som långtgående i sin utformning, vilket har varit en stor diskussionspunkt under lagstiftningsarbetet. I dessa diskussioner har lagstiftaren gjort gällande att det säkerhetspolitiska intresse som lagen är ämnad att skydda är av stor vikt, och inte bör komprometteras. Resulta-tet är ett granskningssystem vars tillämpningsområde blir väldigt brett, och som följd drabbar fler investerare än vad det behöver för att uppfylla sitt syfte.
Analysen som genomförts under uppsatsskrivandet ägnar sig åt att peka ut olika delar av lagstiftningen som i min mening brister avseende ändamålsenligheten. Av intresse för studien som gjorts under uppsatsskrivandet har varit anmälningspliktens omfång av verksamheter, samt avgränsningen av definit-ionerna för skyddsvärd verksamhet.
Av slutsatsen som presenteras i den sista delen av uppsatsen framgår att lagstiftaren i min mening kan göra mer både för att säkerställa att lagens tillämpningsområde inte fångar upp fler investeringar än vad den behöver i onödan, samt att lagstiftaren i högre grad kan underlätta för vissa potentiella investerare genom att mer specifikt definiera begreppet ”stor omfattning” som presenterat i lagtexten. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Martinsson, Oscar LU
supervisor
organization
course
LAGF03 20242
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
EU-rätt, associationsrätt, komparativ rätt
language
Swedish
id
9180403
date added to LUP
2025-03-20 14:14:22
date last changed
2025-03-20 14:14:22
@misc{9180403,
  abstract     = {{Over the past few years, tensions regarding national security have been on the rise due Russias invasion of Ukraina as well as attempts from foreign states to gain access to Swedish technology to further develop their international posi-tion of power through using strategic direct investments. In order to allow member states to combat the use of strategic direct investments made on their territory, the EU issued a regulation which established a framework through which member states could introduce national screening mechanisms with the purpose of protecting national security or public order. 
On the basis of the passed regulation, the Swedish FDI-act was issued in December 2023. The purpose of the act being establishing grounds for interven-tion in some investments with strategic motives which can constitute a risk regarding Swedish security, public order or public security in Sweden.
The legislation is quite broad, which has been a big topic of discussion during the legislation process. Throughout these discussions, the legislator has been clear in highlighting the importance of Swedish security interests, which shall not be compromised. As a result, the scope of application of Swedish investment screening is very broad and encompasses more investors that what is necessarily needed to fulfill its purpose.
The analysis made throughout the writing of this essay is made to point out different aspects of the legislation that are not in my opinion in compliance with the purpose of the law. In this study, the scope of businesses that are included in the mandatory notification process, as well as the delimitations of the by law defined protected areas of business. 
In the conclusion of the essay, it is stated that I believe the legislator can take further steps to ensure that the scope of operations of the legislation does not encompass more investments than it necessarily needs. It is also stated that the legislator can take further steps to simplify the process for some investors, by further defining the term “large scale” as stated in the legislation.}},
  author       = {{Martinsson, Oscar}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{FDI-granskning, nödvändigt ont eller onödigt hinder? - Om FDI-lagens ändamålsenlighet gentemot sitt syfte.}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}