Vilseledande enligt 9 kap. 9 § brottsbalken – Penningtvätten i Baltikum
(2025) JURM02 20251Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Denna uppsats behandlar det straffrättsliga begreppet vilseledande i kontexten av brottet svindleri enligt 9 kap. 9 § brottsbalken, med särskilt fokus på tillämpningen i det uppmärksammade rättsfallet mot Birgitte Bonnesen, tidigare verkställande direktör för Swedbank. Trots svindleribrottets långa existens i svensk rätt och dess potentiella samhällspåverkan, har rättspraxis varit förhållandevis begränsad. Det har därmed funnits ett behov av att förtydliga begreppets innehåll och praktiska tillämpning.
Syftet med arbetet är att öka förståelsen kring vad som utgör ett vilseledande enligt rekvisitet i svindleribestämmelsen, dels genom att undersöka om och hur Birgitte Bonnesens offentliga uttalanden kan anses uppfylla detta rekvisit.
... (More) - Denna uppsats behandlar det straffrättsliga begreppet vilseledande i kontexten av brottet svindleri enligt 9 kap. 9 § brottsbalken, med särskilt fokus på tillämpningen i det uppmärksammade rättsfallet mot Birgitte Bonnesen, tidigare verkställande direktör för Swedbank. Trots svindleribrottets långa existens i svensk rätt och dess potentiella samhällspåverkan, har rättspraxis varit förhållandevis begränsad. Det har därmed funnits ett behov av att förtydliga begreppets innehåll och praktiska tillämpning.
Syftet med arbetet är att öka förståelsen kring vad som utgör ett vilseledande enligt rekvisitet i svindleribestämmelsen, dels genom att undersöka om och hur Birgitte Bonnesens offentliga uttalanden kan anses uppfylla detta rekvisit.
För att uppnå dessa syften har en rättsdogmatisk metod tillämpats, där analysen vilar på gällande rätt; lagtext, förarbeten och rättspraxis. Även doktrin inom området har fått användas för att belysa området. Fokus har lagts på att tolka och systematisera innebörden av begreppet vilseledande i ljuset av dess rättsliga kontext. Eftersom doktrin på området svindleri är begränsad, har viss inspiration även hämtats från straffrättslig litteratur och praxis relaterad till bedrägeribrott.
Uppsatsens struktur är uppdelad i två huvudsakliga delar. Den första delen är av principiell karaktär och fokuserar på svindleribrottets rättsliga reglering och särskilt rekvisitet vilseledande. Här presenteras olika former av vilseledande såsom aktivt vilseledande, utelämnande av information och undvikande. Vidare framförs tolkningsteoretiska överväganden kring hur dessa kan förstås rättsligt. Den andra delen utgörs av en tillämpad analys av rättsfallet mot Birgitte Bonnesen. Hennes uttalanden i intervjuer med Svenska Dagbladet och TT, vilka Svea hovrätt fann vara vilseledande och därmed utgjorde grund för fällande dom för svindleri, granskas och diskuteras i relation till uppsatsens begreppsanalys.
Analysen visar att vilseledandebegreppet i svindleribestämmelsen är brett och kan aktualiseras även i situationer där enskilda uppgifter i sig är korrekta, men där helheten ger en skev eller missvisande bild. Det är alltså inte endast direkta osanningar som omfattas av bestämmelsen, utan även strategiskt selektiv information som förvrider mottagarens uppfattning. Uppsatsen konstaterar att praxis till viss del är oklar, men att rättsprocessen mot Bonnesen kan tydliggöra rättsordningens ökade beredskap att ingripa mot informationspåverkan som riskerar att skada marknadens funktion och förtroende.
Slutsatserna är att begreppet vilseledande i 9 kap. 9 § brottsbalken bör tolkas i ljuset av dess skyddsintresse – att värna förtroendet för det ekonomiska systemet och att det rättsliga ansvaret därmed kan omfatta även yttranden i medier när dessa påverkar allmänhetens bedömning av ett företags ekonomiska situation. Samtidigt understryks behovet av tydligare praxis och rättslig vägledning för att säkerställa rättssäkerhet och förutsebarhet vid tillämpning av svindleribrottet i framtiden. (Less) - Abstract
- This thesis addresses the criminal law concept of misleading in the context of the offence of fraudulent conduct (Swedish; svindleri) under Chapter 9, Paragraph 9 of the Swedish Penal Code, with a particular focus on its application in the high-profile legal case against Birgitte Bonnesen, former CEO of Swedbank. Despite the longstanding existence of the offence of fraudulent conduct in Swedish law and its potential societal impact, case law has remained relatively limited. As such, there has been a need to clarify the content and practical application of the concept.
The aim of this thesis is to enhance the understanding of what constitutes deception under the relevant provision, in part by examining whether and how Birgitte Bonnesen’s... (More) - This thesis addresses the criminal law concept of misleading in the context of the offence of fraudulent conduct (Swedish; svindleri) under Chapter 9, Paragraph 9 of the Swedish Penal Code, with a particular focus on its application in the high-profile legal case against Birgitte Bonnesen, former CEO of Swedbank. Despite the longstanding existence of the offence of fraudulent conduct in Swedish law and its potential societal impact, case law has remained relatively limited. As such, there has been a need to clarify the content and practical application of the concept.
The aim of this thesis is to enhance the understanding of what constitutes deception under the relevant provision, in part by examining whether and how Birgitte Bonnesen’s public statements could be deemed to fulfil this element of the offence. To achieve this aim, a legaldogmatic method has been employed, with the analysis grounded in current law: statutory provisions, legislative history, and case law. Legal doctrine has also been used to shed light on the topic. The focus has been on interpreting and systematising the meaning of deception in its legal context. Given the limited doctrinal literature specifically addressing fraudulent conduct, some inspiration has also been drawn from criminal law literature and jurisprudence relating to fraud offences more broadly.
The thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part is theoretical in nature and focuses on the legal regulation of fraudulent conduct, particularly the element of misleading. Various forms of deceptio such as active misrepresentation, omission of information, and evasive conduct are presented. In addition, theoretical considerations are made regarding how these forms may be legally understood. The second part consists of an applied analysis of the legal case against Birgitte Bonnesen. Her statements in interviews with Svenska Dagbladet and the news agency TT, which the court Svea hovrätt found to be deceptive and thus formed the basis for a conviction of fraudulent conduct, are examined and discussed in relation to the thesis’s conceptual analysis.
The analysis shows that the concept of misleading under the fraudulent conduct provision is broad and may be triggered even in situations where individual statements are factually correct, but where the overall message creates a skewed or misleading impression. The provision does not only cover direct falsehoods, but also strategically selective information that distorts the recipient’s perception. The thesis concludes that although case law remains somewhat unclear, the legal proceedings against Bonnesen may signal a growing readiness within the legal system to act against manipulative information that risks undermining the function and integrity of the market.
The conclusions are that the concept of deception in Chapter 9, Section 9 of the Swedish Penal Code should be interpreted considering its protective purpose namely, to safeguard trust in the economic system and that legal liability may therefore extend to media statements when these influence public perceptions of a company’s financial condition. At the same time, the need for clearer case law and legal guidance is emphasised to ensure legal certainty and predictability in the future application of the offence of fraudulent conduct. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9189340
- author
- Lichtenstein, Eric LU
- supervisor
- organization
- alternative title
- Misleading under Chapter 9. 9 § of the Criminal Code
- course
- JURM02 20251
- year
- 2025
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- allmän rättslära, straffrätt
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9189340
- date added to LUP
- 2025-06-16 12:06:32
- date last changed
- 2025-06-16 12:06:32
@misc{9189340, abstract = {{This thesis addresses the criminal law concept of misleading in the context of the offence of fraudulent conduct (Swedish; svindleri) under Chapter 9, Paragraph 9 of the Swedish Penal Code, with a particular focus on its application in the high-profile legal case against Birgitte Bonnesen, former CEO of Swedbank. Despite the longstanding existence of the offence of fraudulent conduct in Swedish law and its potential societal impact, case law has remained relatively limited. As such, there has been a need to clarify the content and practical application of the concept. The aim of this thesis is to enhance the understanding of what constitutes deception under the relevant provision, in part by examining whether and how Birgitte Bonnesen’s public statements could be deemed to fulfil this element of the offence. To achieve this aim, a legaldogmatic method has been employed, with the analysis grounded in current law: statutory provisions, legislative history, and case law. Legal doctrine has also been used to shed light on the topic. The focus has been on interpreting and systematising the meaning of deception in its legal context. Given the limited doctrinal literature specifically addressing fraudulent conduct, some inspiration has also been drawn from criminal law literature and jurisprudence relating to fraud offences more broadly. The thesis is divided into two main parts. The first part is theoretical in nature and focuses on the legal regulation of fraudulent conduct, particularly the element of misleading. Various forms of deceptio such as active misrepresentation, omission of information, and evasive conduct are presented. In addition, theoretical considerations are made regarding how these forms may be legally understood. The second part consists of an applied analysis of the legal case against Birgitte Bonnesen. Her statements in interviews with Svenska Dagbladet and the news agency TT, which the court Svea hovrätt found to be deceptive and thus formed the basis for a conviction of fraudulent conduct, are examined and discussed in relation to the thesis’s conceptual analysis. The analysis shows that the concept of misleading under the fraudulent conduct provision is broad and may be triggered even in situations where individual statements are factually correct, but where the overall message creates a skewed or misleading impression. The provision does not only cover direct falsehoods, but also strategically selective information that distorts the recipient’s perception. The thesis concludes that although case law remains somewhat unclear, the legal proceedings against Bonnesen may signal a growing readiness within the legal system to act against manipulative information that risks undermining the function and integrity of the market. The conclusions are that the concept of deception in Chapter 9, Section 9 of the Swedish Penal Code should be interpreted considering its protective purpose namely, to safeguard trust in the economic system and that legal liability may therefore extend to media statements when these influence public perceptions of a company’s financial condition. At the same time, the need for clearer case law and legal guidance is emphasised to ensure legal certainty and predictability in the future application of the offence of fraudulent conduct.}}, author = {{Lichtenstein, Eric}}, language = {{swe}}, note = {{Student Paper}}, title = {{Vilseledande enligt 9 kap. 9 § brottsbalken – Penningtvätten i Baltikum}}, year = {{2025}}, }