Uppsägningens nya spelplan: En analys av anställningsskyddet efter LAS-reformen 2022
(2025) LAGF03 20251Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- I samband med 2022 års arbetsrättsliga reform genomfördes omfattande förändringar i LAS, främst genom att det tidigare rekvisitet ”saklig grund” ersattes av ”sakliga skäl” i 7 § 1 st. Syftet har varit lagstiftarens ambition att uppnå en ökad förutsebarhet i uppsägningssituationer för såväl arbetsgivare som arbetstagare. Vidare har 2 c § LAS införts, varigenom 7 § 1 st. blev semidispositivt genom eller med stöd av kollektivavtal på centralorganisationsnivå. Detta har resulterat i ett huvudavtal om anställningsskydd som ingåtts mellan SN, PTK och LO.
Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka och klargöra hur 2022 års lagreform har påverkat anställningsskyddet, med särskilt fokus på uppsägningsreglerna i 7 § LAS. I slutet av 2024 meddelade... (More) - I samband med 2022 års arbetsrättsliga reform genomfördes omfattande förändringar i LAS, främst genom att det tidigare rekvisitet ”saklig grund” ersattes av ”sakliga skäl” i 7 § 1 st. Syftet har varit lagstiftarens ambition att uppnå en ökad förutsebarhet i uppsägningssituationer för såväl arbetsgivare som arbetstagare. Vidare har 2 c § LAS införts, varigenom 7 § 1 st. blev semidispositivt genom eller med stöd av kollektivavtal på centralorganisationsnivå. Detta har resulterat i ett huvudavtal om anställningsskydd som ingåtts mellan SN, PTK och LO.
Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka och klargöra hur 2022 års lagreform har påverkat anställningsskyddet, med särskilt fokus på uppsägningsreglerna i 7 § LAS. I slutet av 2024 meddelade Arbetsdomstolen sina första avgöranden där domstolen har fått pröva om sakliga skäl för uppsägning föreligger. Genom att redogöra för några av dessa avgöranden ämnar uppsatsen således att även redogöra för reformens praktiska innebörd, i syfte att presentera en mer omfattande bild av det rådande rättsläget.
I uppsatsen framgår att prövningen av om sakliga skäl föreligger ska utgå från om arbetstagaren gjort sig skyldig till ett tillräckligt allvarligt avtalsbrott mot anställningsavtalets förpliktelser. Därtill uppställs ett krav på att denna insett eller bort inse detta. För att avgöra om ett sådant avtalsbrott föreligger krävs en helhetsbedömning av samtliga omständigheter i det enskilda fallet. Bedömningen ska ske i ljuset av befintlig rättspraxis på området dock med vissa ändringar.
Utredningen analyserar tre nya avgöranden från Arbetsdomstolen där frågan om sakliga skäl har prövats. I bedömningen har arbetstagarnas avtalsbrott varit av särskild betydelse. Domstolen har även betonat vikten av arbetsgivarnas skyldighet att tydligt varna arbetstagarna om att fortsatt misskötsamhet kan resultera i en uppsägning. Det kan därmed konstateras att domstolens bedömning i hög grad överensstämmer med de riktlinjer som anges i såväl förarbetena som huvudavtalet. I samtliga fall ansåg domstolen att sakliga skäl för uppsägning förelåg.
Uppsatsens övergripande slutsats är att det i dagsläget har blivit enklare för arbetsgivare att säga upp arbetstagare på grund av personliga skäl. Att det har blivit enklare framstår särskilt tydligt i de fall då prövningen grundar sig i huvudavtalets bestämmelser. Samtidigt kvarstår ett behov av fler avgöranden innan man kan dra en definitiv slutsats om hur anställningsskyddet har påverkats till följd av 2022 års arbetsrättsliga reform. (Less) - Abstract
- As a result of the 2022 labour law reform, multiple changes were implemented in the Swedish Employment Protection Act. The changes included, among others, the introduction of the requirement of “objective grounds” for employment termination, in section 7 paragraph 1 of the Employment Act. By doing this, the legislator aimed to increase predictability in situations of termination for both employers and employees. Furthermore, a new provision, section 2 c, was introduced, making section 7 paragraph 1 semi-dispositive through central collective agreements. This resulted in a central agreement on employment protection between the parties SN, PTK and LO.
The purpose of this essay is to analyse and clarify how the 2022 legislative reform has... (More) - As a result of the 2022 labour law reform, multiple changes were implemented in the Swedish Employment Protection Act. The changes included, among others, the introduction of the requirement of “objective grounds” for employment termination, in section 7 paragraph 1 of the Employment Act. By doing this, the legislator aimed to increase predictability in situations of termination for both employers and employees. Furthermore, a new provision, section 2 c, was introduced, making section 7 paragraph 1 semi-dispositive through central collective agreements. This resulted in a central agreement on employment protection between the parties SN, PTK and LO.
The purpose of this essay is to analyse and clarify how the 2022 legislative reform has affected employment protection, with a particular focus on the rules of termination presented in section 7 of the Employment Act. At the end of 2024, the Swedish Labour Court delivered its first judgments applying the new regulations and specifically determining whether objective grounds for termination existed. By discussing these initial judgments, the essay seeks to also shed light on the practical implications of the reform.
According to the essay, the assessment of whether objective grounds for termination exist, should be based on whether the employee has committed a sufficiently serious breach of the obligations under the employment contract. Additionally, it is required that the employee understood or should have understood the seriousness of the breach. An assessment of all relevant circumstances is necessary to determine whether such a breach has been conducted. The assessment should be made considering existing case law, with certain changes specified in the preparatory works.
The essay analyses a total of three initial judgments from the Labour Court, each addressing the existence of objective grounds for termination. In these cases, the court seems to have placed particular emphasis on the seriousness of the contractual breach. The court also highlighted the importance of the employer’s obligation to issue clear warnings informing the employee that continued misconduct may lead to the termination of the employment. It can therefore be concluded that the court’s reasoning largely aligns with the guidelines presented in both the preparatory works and the central agreement. In all cases analysed, the court found that objective grounds for ter-mination were present.
The essay concludes that, presently, it has become easier for employers to terminate employments on grounds personally attributable to the employee. This is especially noticeable in cases where the court must follow the provisions of the above-mentioned collective agreement. However, further case law is needed before any definitive conclusions can be made regarding the effects that the 2022 labour law reform has had on employment protection. (Less)
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http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9190004
- author
- Otelea, Erik LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20251
- year
- 2025
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- Arbetsrätt, Labour law, Sakliga skäl, Personliga skäl, 7 § LAS, Lagen om anställningsskydd, Omplaceringsskyldighet, 2 c § LAS, Kollektivavtal, Anställningsskydd, Huvudavtal om anställningsskydd, Arbetsdomstolen, Lagen om medbestämmande i arbetslivet, MBL
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9190004
- date added to LUP
- 2025-06-23 13:20:01
- date last changed
- 2025-06-23 13:20:01
@misc{9190004, abstract = {{As a result of the 2022 labour law reform, multiple changes were implemented in the Swedish Employment Protection Act. The changes included, among others, the introduction of the requirement of “objective grounds” for employment termination, in section 7 paragraph 1 of the Employment Act. By doing this, the legislator aimed to increase predictability in situations of termination for both employers and employees. Furthermore, a new provision, section 2 c, was introduced, making section 7 paragraph 1 semi-dispositive through central collective agreements. This resulted in a central agreement on employment protection between the parties SN, PTK and LO. The purpose of this essay is to analyse and clarify how the 2022 legislative reform has affected employment protection, with a particular focus on the rules of termination presented in section 7 of the Employment Act. At the end of 2024, the Swedish Labour Court delivered its first judgments applying the new regulations and specifically determining whether objective grounds for termination existed. By discussing these initial judgments, the essay seeks to also shed light on the practical implications of the reform. According to the essay, the assessment of whether objective grounds for termination exist, should be based on whether the employee has committed a sufficiently serious breach of the obligations under the employment contract. Additionally, it is required that the employee understood or should have understood the seriousness of the breach. An assessment of all relevant circumstances is necessary to determine whether such a breach has been conducted. The assessment should be made considering existing case law, with certain changes specified in the preparatory works. The essay analyses a total of three initial judgments from the Labour Court, each addressing the existence of objective grounds for termination. In these cases, the court seems to have placed particular emphasis on the seriousness of the contractual breach. The court also highlighted the importance of the employer’s obligation to issue clear warnings informing the employee that continued misconduct may lead to the termination of the employment. It can therefore be concluded that the court’s reasoning largely aligns with the guidelines presented in both the preparatory works and the central agreement. In all cases analysed, the court found that objective grounds for ter-mination were present. The essay concludes that, presently, it has become easier for employers to terminate employments on grounds personally attributable to the employee. This is especially noticeable in cases where the court must follow the provisions of the above-mentioned collective agreement. However, further case law is needed before any definitive conclusions can be made regarding the effects that the 2022 labour law reform has had on employment protection.}}, author = {{Otelea, Erik}}, language = {{swe}}, note = {{Student Paper}}, title = {{Uppsägningens nya spelplan: En analys av anställningsskyddet efter LAS-reformen 2022}}, year = {{2025}}, }