De lottlösa - Om kusiners och sambors arvsrätt ur ett nordiskt perspektiv
(2025) LAGF03 20251Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Kusiner förlorade sin arvsrätt med 1928 års arvslag och står än idag utanför den allmänna arvsordningen. Sambor har aldrig tagits upp in i den till att börja med.
Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka arvsrätten för kusiner och sambos i svensk rätt. Grupperna har gemensamt att de ofta står den avlidna men samtidigt utanför den allmänna arvsordningen. Frågorna som ställs handlar om hur synen på kusiner och sambos förhåller sig till den moderna arvsrättens. Temat genom frågorna och uppsatsen centrerar kring en sambos möjligheter att bo kvar när ens partner avlider.
Är den svenska arvsrätten i behov av förändring eller är grupperna tillräckligt skyddade? Ligger lagstiftningen i harmoni med sina ursprungliga motiv? Är den i takt med... (More) - Kusiner förlorade sin arvsrätt med 1928 års arvslag och står än idag utanför den allmänna arvsordningen. Sambor har aldrig tagits upp in i den till att börja med.
Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka arvsrätten för kusiner och sambos i svensk rätt. Grupperna har gemensamt att de ofta står den avlidna men samtidigt utanför den allmänna arvsordningen. Frågorna som ställs handlar om hur synen på kusiner och sambos förhåller sig till den moderna arvsrättens. Temat genom frågorna och uppsatsen centrerar kring en sambos möjligheter att bo kvar när ens partner avlider.
Är den svenska arvsrätten i behov av förändring eller är grupperna tillräckligt skyddade? Ligger lagstiftningen i harmoni med sina ursprungliga motiv? Är den i takt med samtidens förutsättningar? För att bättre kunna svara på frågorna redogör jag för svensk lag och vilka lösningar dansk och norsk rätt valt för de arvsrättsliga utmaningarna.
En mer omfattande svensk arvsrätt upphörde med 1928 års arvslag. När någon idag avlider utan testamente eller släkt närmare än kusiner som kan ärva går arvet till Allmänna arvsfonden. Det är en statlig fond tänkt att förmedla dessa medel till välgörande ändamål i stället för att anonymt tas upp i statskassan. Med tiden har dock lösningen blivit föremål för kritik och står idag inför stora problem som utmanar dess existens.
Samboförhållandet liknar äktenskapet på många vis med den främsta skillnaden att sambor inte ges lika starkt rättsligt skydd som makar. Varken svensk, dansk eller norsk lagstiftning ger i dagsläget sambor en legal arvsrätt som den för äkta makar. Om en sambo dör utan upprättat testamente går arvet till släktingar enligt den allmänna arvsordningen. För att stärka den efterlevande sambons ställning har Sverige infört skyddsregler såsom rätten att begära bodelning och lilla basbeloppsregeln. Sambor kan även upprätta testamente men denna möjlighet inskränks av barns rätt till laglott. Det mest stötande problemet i sammanhanget är att man idag kan tvingas sälja det gemensamma hemmet för att lösa ut ett gemensamt barns arv.
Kännetecknande för den danska modellen är den stora avtalsfriheten för sambor genom ett utvidgat samlevnadstestamente. Ett sådant kan ge paret en arvsrättslig ställning som är helt likställd med äktenskapets. Norska modellen sticker ut med en automatisk rätt till arv för sambor med gemensamma barn. Genom testamente kan dessutom en efterlevande sambons rätt gå före arvlåtarens barns rättigheter.
Uppsatsens slutsatser är att en återgång till den tidigare ordningen med kusinarv, ironiskt nog, vore en mer lämplig lösning för samtidens förutsättningar och skulle även rimma bättre med många av de ursprungliga motiven för avskaffandet. En sådan ändring skulle stärka släktband och familjeenheter i en tid av oroligheter och fortsatt skänka en välgörande samhällseffekt.
De problem som sambors arvsrätt står inför är i sammanhanget relativt avgränsade men omvälvande när det finns gemensamma barn. Lagstiftningen ligger inte i takt med tiden. Sambor med gemensamma barn bör kunna upprätta testamente utan begränsning av laglotten. Av de presenterade möjliga lösningarna är det danska samlevnadstestamentet av särskilt intresse. Det är inte en perfekt lösning men kan tjäna som en inspirationskälla för en svensk modell framåt. Det står i alla fall klart att frågan bör utredas vidare, särskilt då antalet samboende ökar för varje år. (Less) - Abstract
- Cousins lost their right of inheritance with the 1928 Inheritance code and remain outside the general order of succession to this day. Cohabiting partners have never been included in it to begin with.
The purpose of this essay is to examine the right of inheritance for cousins and cohabiting partners in Swedish law. The two groups have in common that they are often close to the deceased, yet they stand outside the general order of succession. The questions posed relate to how the perception of cousins and cohabiting partners corresponds with modern inheritance law. The theme throughout the questions and the essay revolves around a cohabiting partner’s ability to remain in the shared home when their partner passes away.
Is the... (More) - Cousins lost their right of inheritance with the 1928 Inheritance code and remain outside the general order of succession to this day. Cohabiting partners have never been included in it to begin with.
The purpose of this essay is to examine the right of inheritance for cousins and cohabiting partners in Swedish law. The two groups have in common that they are often close to the deceased, yet they stand outside the general order of succession. The questions posed relate to how the perception of cousins and cohabiting partners corresponds with modern inheritance law. The theme throughout the questions and the essay revolves around a cohabiting partner’s ability to remain in the shared home when their partner passes away.
Is the Swedish law of succession in need of a change or are these groups sufficiently protected? Is there harmony between the legislation and its original motives? Is it in step with the conditions of today? To better answer these questions i will account for Swedish law and the solutions that Danish and Norwegian law have chosen for these challenges.
A more extensive Swedish right of inheritance ceased with the inheritance code of 1928. These days when someone dies without a will or relatives closer than cousins who can inherit, the inheritance goes to the Swedish Inheritance Fund. This is a state fund intended to distribute these assets to charitable causes rather than being anonymously absorbed into the state treasury. This solution has, over time, become subject to criticism and today it faces significant problems that challenge its existence.
Cohabitation has got many similarities with marriage, the main difference being that cohabiting partners are not afforded the same strong legal protection as spouses. Currently, neither Swedish, Danish, nor Norwegian law grants cohabiting partners a legal right of inheritance comparable to that of a married spouse. If a cohabiting partner dies without a will the inheritance passes to relatives according to the rules of intestate succession. To strengthen the position of the surviving partner Sweden has introduced protective rules such as the right to request a division of co-owned property and the small base amount rule. Cohabiting partners can also draw up a will, but this option is restricted by a child's right to their legal share of the inheritance. The most offensive problem in this context is that currently one can become forced to sell the shared home in order to pay out a joint child's inheritance.
Characteristic of the Danish model is the extensive freedom of contract for cohabiting partners by means of an extended cohabitation will. Such a will can grant the couple a status in inheritance law that is equivalent to that of marriage. The Norwegian model stands out with an automatic right of inheritance for cohabiting partners who have children together. Furthermore, a surviving cohabiting partner's right can take precedence over the rights of the deceased’s children through a will.
The essay's conclusions are that a return to the previous order with inheritance for cousins would, ironically, be a more suitable solution for contemporary conditions and would also better align with many of the original motives for its abolishment. Such a change would strengthen kinship and family units in a time of unrest and continue to provide a beneficial effect to society.
The problems facing the inheritance rights of cohabiting partners are, in this context, relatively narrow but profound when there are joint children. The legislation is not in step with current times. Cohabiting partners with joint children should be able to create a will without being restricted by the child’s legal portion. Of the possible solutions presented the Danish extended cohabitation will is particularly interesting. It is by no means a perfect solution but can serve as a source of inspiration for a future Swedish model. In any case it's clear that the issue should be investigated further, especially since the number of cohabiting couples increases each year. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9196052
- author
- Karlsson-Ström, Daniel LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20251
- year
- 2025
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- Boenderätt, civilrätt, familjerätt, förmögenhetsrätt, Arvsrätt, Samboende, kusinarv, allmänna arvsfonden, samborätt
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9196052
- date added to LUP
- 2026-02-10 10:50:39
- date last changed
- 2026-02-10 10:50:39
@misc{9196052,
abstract = {{Cousins lost their right of inheritance with the 1928 Inheritance code and remain outside the general order of succession to this day. Cohabiting partners have never been included in it to begin with.
The purpose of this essay is to examine the right of inheritance for cousins and cohabiting partners in Swedish law. The two groups have in common that they are often close to the deceased, yet they stand outside the general order of succession. The questions posed relate to how the perception of cousins and cohabiting partners corresponds with modern inheritance law. The theme throughout the questions and the essay revolves around a cohabiting partner’s ability to remain in the shared home when their partner passes away.
Is the Swedish law of succession in need of a change or are these groups sufficiently protected? Is there harmony between the legislation and its original motives? Is it in step with the conditions of today? To better answer these questions i will account for Swedish law and the solutions that Danish and Norwegian law have chosen for these challenges.
A more extensive Swedish right of inheritance ceased with the inheritance code of 1928. These days when someone dies without a will or relatives closer than cousins who can inherit, the inheritance goes to the Swedish Inheritance Fund. This is a state fund intended to distribute these assets to charitable causes rather than being anonymously absorbed into the state treasury. This solution has, over time, become subject to criticism and today it faces significant problems that challenge its existence.
Cohabitation has got many similarities with marriage, the main difference being that cohabiting partners are not afforded the same strong legal protection as spouses. Currently, neither Swedish, Danish, nor Norwegian law grants cohabiting partners a legal right of inheritance comparable to that of a married spouse. If a cohabiting partner dies without a will the inheritance passes to relatives according to the rules of intestate succession. To strengthen the position of the surviving partner Sweden has introduced protective rules such as the right to request a division of co-owned property and the small base amount rule. Cohabiting partners can also draw up a will, but this option is restricted by a child's right to their legal share of the inheritance. The most offensive problem in this context is that currently one can become forced to sell the shared home in order to pay out a joint child's inheritance.
Characteristic of the Danish model is the extensive freedom of contract for cohabiting partners by means of an extended cohabitation will. Such a will can grant the couple a status in inheritance law that is equivalent to that of marriage. The Norwegian model stands out with an automatic right of inheritance for cohabiting partners who have children together. Furthermore, a surviving cohabiting partner's right can take precedence over the rights of the deceased’s children through a will.
The essay's conclusions are that a return to the previous order with inheritance for cousins would, ironically, be a more suitable solution for contemporary conditions and would also better align with many of the original motives for its abolishment. Such a change would strengthen kinship and family units in a time of unrest and continue to provide a beneficial effect to society.
The problems facing the inheritance rights of cohabiting partners are, in this context, relatively narrow but profound when there are joint children. The legislation is not in step with current times. Cohabiting partners with joint children should be able to create a will without being restricted by the child’s legal portion. Of the possible solutions presented the Danish extended cohabitation will is particularly interesting. It is by no means a perfect solution but can serve as a source of inspiration for a future Swedish model. In any case it's clear that the issue should be investigated further, especially since the number of cohabiting couples increases each year.}},
author = {{Karlsson-Ström, Daniel}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{De lottlösa - Om kusiners och sambors arvsrätt ur ett nordiskt perspektiv}},
year = {{2025}},
}