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Statlig Integritet vid EncroChat målen - en analys av moraliska principer vid användning av hemliga tvångsmedel

Roschat, Olof LU (2025) JURM02 20252
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract
The purpose of the paper is to assess the use of EncroChat evidence before Swedish law based on the natural law philosopher Andrew Dworkin’s theo-ry of state integrity. According to Dworkin, it is important that states con-sistently apply moral and legal in their legal systems, as this gives the states an internal integrity that strengthens trust between the individual and the public. The paper examines this by first establishing which legal and moral principles are expressed in laws relevant to secret surveillance measures and then comparing these with the principles that are actualized in the use of EncroChat evidence, mainly through all legal cases available through the legal information service JUNO where EncroChat logs appear as... (More)
The purpose of the paper is to assess the use of EncroChat evidence before Swedish law based on the natural law philosopher Andrew Dworkin’s theo-ry of state integrity. According to Dworkin, it is important that states con-sistently apply moral and legal in their legal systems, as this gives the states an internal integrity that strengthens trust between the individual and the public. The paper examines this by first establishing which legal and moral principles are expressed in laws relevant to secret surveillance measures and then comparing these with the principles that are actualized in the use of EncroChat evidence, mainly through all legal cases available through the legal information service JUNO where EncroChat logs appear as evidence.
EncroChat was an encrypted chat service based in France that was mainly used in criminal activities across Europe as a secure communications tool. French and Belgian authorities collaborated to infiltrate the app in 2020 and monitored a large part of the conversations between users in several coun-tries. This continued until the company that operated EncroChat became aware of this later the same year and ceased all operations. The data that French authorities had collected was shared with other European police au-thorities, which led to many prosecutions in several jurisdictions, including Sweden. Several critics claimed that EncroChat information had been ob-tained using secret surveillance that were not permitted under Swedish law and potentially restricted the right to personal privacy and legal certainty.
This shows that Swedish authorities do not view EncroChat evidence ob-tained by foreign authorities as a use of secret surveillance means before national law and broadly apply the principle of free evaluation of evidence while rejecting Swedish regulation of secret surveillance means. This risks overriding several of the established legal principles, as Swedish law does not directly regulate the use of coercive means collected by foreign authori-ties. It is also clear from an assessment of the European Court of Justice that national courts have an obligation to preserve the rights of their citizens against infringements of their personal integrity when accepting foreign use of coercive measures. Overall, the Swedish state shows a lack of legal integ-rity when authorities do not apply the principles expressed in law consistent-ly in practice, and using information gathered by foreign use of secret sur-veillance without support in Swedish law. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Syftet med uppsatsen är att bedöma användningen av EncroChat bevisning inför svensk rätt utifrån den naturrättsliga filosofen Andrew Dworkins teori om statlig integritet. Enligt Dworkin är det viktigt att stater konsekvent till-lämpar moraliska och rättsliga principer i deras rättssystem, då detta ger sta-ten en intern integritet som stärker tilliten mellan den enskilde och det all-männa. Uppsatsen undersöker detta genom att först etablera vilka rättsliga samt moraliska principer uttrycks i lagar relevanta för hemliga tvångsmedel. Dessa jämförs med de principer som aktualiseras i användningen av EncroChat bevisning i samtliga rättsfall tillgängliga genom den rättsliga in-formationstjänsten JUNO där EncroChat loggar förekommer som... (More)
Syftet med uppsatsen är att bedöma användningen av EncroChat bevisning inför svensk rätt utifrån den naturrättsliga filosofen Andrew Dworkins teori om statlig integritet. Enligt Dworkin är det viktigt att stater konsekvent till-lämpar moraliska och rättsliga principer i deras rättssystem, då detta ger sta-ten en intern integritet som stärker tilliten mellan den enskilde och det all-männa. Uppsatsen undersöker detta genom att först etablera vilka rättsliga samt moraliska principer uttrycks i lagar relevanta för hemliga tvångsmedel. Dessa jämförs med de principer som aktualiseras i användningen av EncroChat bevisning i samtliga rättsfall tillgängliga genom den rättsliga in-formationstjänsten JUNO där EncroChat loggar förekommer som bevisning.
EncroChat var en krypterad chat-service baserad i Frankrike som huvudsak-ligen användes inom kriminell verksamhet över Europa som ett säkrat kom-munikationsverktyg. Franska och belgiska myndigheter samarbetade för att infiltrera appen 2020 och övervakade konversationer i flera länder. Detta pågick tills företaget som erbjöd EncroChat fick kunskap om detta senare samma år, och avslutade sin verksamhet. Den data franska myndigheter hade samlat delades med andra europeiska polismyndigheter vilket ledde till åtal i flera jurisdiktioner, bland annat Sverige. Flera kritiker påpekade att EncroChat informationen hade tagits fram genom användning av hemliga tvångsmedel som inte var tillåtet enligt svensk lag och potentiellt inskränkte rätten till personlig integritet och rättssäkerhet.
Av detta framgår att svenska myndigheter inte ser EncroChat bevisning hämtad av utländska myndigheter som användning av hemliga tvångsmedel inför den nationella rätten och brett applicerar principen om fri bevisföring samtidigt som de avvisar svensk reglering av hemliga tvångsmedel. Detta riskerar att åsidosätta flera av de etablerade rättsliga principerna, då svensk lag inte direkt reglerar användningen av tvångsmedel samlade av utländska myndigheter. Det framgår även av bedömning hos EU-domstolen att nat-ionella domstolar har en skyldighet att bevara sina medborgares rättigheter kontra intrång i deras personliga integritet när de accepterar utländsk an-vändning av tvångsmedel. I helhet visar den svenska staten en brist på rätts-lig integritet då myndigheter inte tillämpar de principer som uttrycks lagen konsekvent vid praxis, och användningen av information samlade genom utländsk användning av hemliga tvångsmedel i strid med svensk lag. (Less)
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author
Roschat, Olof LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
State Integrity in the EncroChat cases - an analysis of moral principles in the use of secret coercive measures
course
JURM02 20252
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
integritet, Dworkin, övervakning, hemliga tvångsmedel, tvångsmedel, bevisvärdering, EncroChat, Encro, allmän rättslära, rättsvetenskap, rättsfilosofi
language
Swedish
id
9217196
date added to LUP
2026-02-13 11:16:44
date last changed
2026-02-13 11:16:44
@misc{9217196,
  abstract     = {{The purpose of the paper is to assess the use of EncroChat evidence before Swedish law based on the natural law philosopher Andrew Dworkin’s theo-ry of state integrity. According to Dworkin, it is important that states con-sistently apply moral and legal in their legal systems, as this gives the states an internal integrity that strengthens trust between the individual and the public. The paper examines this by first establishing which legal and moral principles are expressed in laws relevant to secret surveillance measures and then comparing these with the principles that are actualized in the use of EncroChat evidence, mainly through all legal cases available through the legal information service JUNO where EncroChat logs appear as evidence.
EncroChat was an encrypted chat service based in France that was mainly used in criminal activities across Europe as a secure communications tool. French and Belgian authorities collaborated to infiltrate the app in 2020 and monitored a large part of the conversations between users in several coun-tries. This continued until the company that operated EncroChat became aware of this later the same year and ceased all operations. The data that French authorities had collected was shared with other European police au-thorities, which led to many prosecutions in several jurisdictions, including Sweden. Several critics claimed that EncroChat information had been ob-tained using secret surveillance that were not permitted under Swedish law and potentially restricted the right to personal privacy and legal certainty.
This shows that Swedish authorities do not view EncroChat evidence ob-tained by foreign authorities as a use of secret surveillance means before national law and broadly apply the principle of free evaluation of evidence while rejecting Swedish regulation of secret surveillance means. This risks overriding several of the established legal principles, as Swedish law does not directly regulate the use of coercive means collected by foreign authori-ties. It is also clear from an assessment of the European Court of Justice that national courts have an obligation to preserve the rights of their citizens against infringements of their personal integrity when accepting foreign use of coercive measures. Overall, the Swedish state shows a lack of legal integ-rity when authorities do not apply the principles expressed in law consistent-ly in practice, and using information gathered by foreign use of secret sur-veillance without support in Swedish law.}},
  author       = {{Roschat, Olof}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Statlig Integritet vid EncroChat målen - en analys av moraliska principer vid användning av hemliga tvångsmedel}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}