Fertilitetsläkare utan gränser - en analys av inseminationsbedrägeri utifrån svensk sexualbrottslagstiftning
(2025) JURM02 20252Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Denna uppsats behandlar företeelsen inseminationsbedrägeri, vilket innebär att en läkare vid en assisterad befruktning använder annat reproduktionsmaterial än det patienten samtyckt till. Ett exempel kan vara genom att använda sina egna spermier. Företeelsen har uppmärksammats internationells genom ett antal uppmärksammade fall, men har inte uppmärksammats i svensk forsk-ning eller lagstiftning. Mot denna bakgrund undersöker uppsatsen om insemi-nationsbedrägeri kan omfattas av svensk sexualbrottslagstiftning, särskilt brotten våldtäkt, sexuellt övergrepp och sexuellt ofredande.
Syftet med uppsatsen är dels att analysera om inseminationsbedrägeri kan utgöra ett sexualbrott enligt gällande rätt, dels att pröva om ett sådant hand-lande bör... (More) - Denna uppsats behandlar företeelsen inseminationsbedrägeri, vilket innebär att en läkare vid en assisterad befruktning använder annat reproduktionsmaterial än det patienten samtyckt till. Ett exempel kan vara genom att använda sina egna spermier. Företeelsen har uppmärksammats internationells genom ett antal uppmärksammade fall, men har inte uppmärksammats i svensk forsk-ning eller lagstiftning. Mot denna bakgrund undersöker uppsatsen om insemi-nationsbedrägeri kan omfattas av svensk sexualbrottslagstiftning, särskilt brotten våldtäkt, sexuellt övergrepp och sexuellt ofredande.
Syftet med uppsatsen är dels att analysera om inseminationsbedrägeri kan utgöra ett sexualbrott enligt gällande rätt, dels att pröva om ett sådant hand-lande bör kriminaliseras som sexualbrott utifrån straffrättsliga principer om kriminalisering. Analysen fokuserar särskilt på de gränsdragande rekvisiten sexuell handling samt handling med sexuell inriktning eller prägel, liksom frivillighet.
Arbetet bygger huvudsakligen på rättsdogmatisk metod och genom analys av lagtext, förarbeten, praxis och doktrin. För den normativa delen används kri-minaliseringsteori. Uppsatsen innehållen även en redogörelse för den medi-cinska och etiska kontexten för assisterad befruktning, inklusive reproduktiva rättigheter, informerat samtycke och principen om social adekvans inom vår-den.
Analysen visar att inseminationsbedrägeri svårligen kan inordnas under gäl-lande sexualbrottslagstiftning utan att tänja på centrala straffrättsliga principer, särskilt legalitetsprincipen. Även om handlingen kan uppfattas som djupt in-tegritetskränkande och innebär ett allvarligt missbruk av patientens tillit, är det tveksamt om den uppfyller kraven för att utgöra en sexuell handling eller handling med sexuell inriktning och prägel, i straffrättslig mening. Uppsatsen avslutas med en diskussion om huruvida inseminationsbedrägeri bör krimina-liseras genom särskilt lagstiftning snarare än genom sexualbrottskapitlet i brottsbalken. (Less) - Abstract
- This thesis examines the phenomenon of insemination fraud, which occurs when a physician uses reproductive material other than that to which the pa-tient has consented during assessed reproduction, for example by using the physician’s own sperm. While the phenomenon has been discussed in interna-tional context, particularly in the United States, it lacks explicit criminal regu-lation in Swedish law. Against this background, the thesis explores whether insemination fraud can be classified as a sexual offence under Swedish crimi-nal law, specifically rape, sexual assault, or sexual harassment.
The purpose of the thesis is twofold. First, it examines whether insemination fraud may constitute a sexual offence under current Swedish law.... (More) - This thesis examines the phenomenon of insemination fraud, which occurs when a physician uses reproductive material other than that to which the pa-tient has consented during assessed reproduction, for example by using the physician’s own sperm. While the phenomenon has been discussed in interna-tional context, particularly in the United States, it lacks explicit criminal regu-lation in Swedish law. Against this background, the thesis explores whether insemination fraud can be classified as a sexual offence under Swedish crimi-nal law, specifically rape, sexual assault, or sexual harassment.
The purpose of the thesis is twofold. First, it examines whether insemination fraud may constitute a sexual offence under current Swedish law. Second, it assesses whether such conduct ought to be criminalized as a sexual offence based on principles on criminalization. The analysis focuses on key delimiting elements of sexual offences, particularly the concept of a sexual act, acts of a sexual nature, and the requirements of consent.
The study primarily employs a legal dogmatic method, analysing statutory provisions, preparatory works, case law and legal doctrine. For the normative assessment, theories of criminalisation are applied. The thesis also situates insemination fraud within its medical and ethical context, addressing issues such as reproductive rights, informed consent, and the principle of social ade-quacy in healthcare.
The analysis demonstrates that insemination fraud is difficult to subsume un-der existing sexual offence provisions without stretching fundamental princi-ples of criminal law, most notably the principle of legality. Although the con-duct may be experienced as profoundly violating and involves a serious breach of trust between physician and patient, it is questionable whether it fulfils the legal requirements of a sexual act in the sense required by Swedish sexual offence legislation. The thesis concludes by discussing whether insem-ination fraud would be more appropriately addressed through specific criminal legislation rather than through existing framework of sexual offences. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9217254
- author
- Flyckt, Josefin LU
- supervisor
- organization
- alternative title
- Fertility Doctors Without Borders - An analysis of insemination fraud from the perspective of Swedish sexual offence legislation
- course
- JURM02 20252
- year
- 2025
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- straffrätt
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9217254
- date added to LUP
- 2026-01-16 10:16:28
- date last changed
- 2026-01-16 10:16:28
@misc{9217254,
abstract = {{This thesis examines the phenomenon of insemination fraud, which occurs when a physician uses reproductive material other than that to which the pa-tient has consented during assessed reproduction, for example by using the physician’s own sperm. While the phenomenon has been discussed in interna-tional context, particularly in the United States, it lacks explicit criminal regu-lation in Swedish law. Against this background, the thesis explores whether insemination fraud can be classified as a sexual offence under Swedish crimi-nal law, specifically rape, sexual assault, or sexual harassment.
The purpose of the thesis is twofold. First, it examines whether insemination fraud may constitute a sexual offence under current Swedish law. Second, it assesses whether such conduct ought to be criminalized as a sexual offence based on principles on criminalization. The analysis focuses on key delimiting elements of sexual offences, particularly the concept of a sexual act, acts of a sexual nature, and the requirements of consent.
The study primarily employs a legal dogmatic method, analysing statutory provisions, preparatory works, case law and legal doctrine. For the normative assessment, theories of criminalisation are applied. The thesis also situates insemination fraud within its medical and ethical context, addressing issues such as reproductive rights, informed consent, and the principle of social ade-quacy in healthcare.
The analysis demonstrates that insemination fraud is difficult to subsume un-der existing sexual offence provisions without stretching fundamental princi-ples of criminal law, most notably the principle of legality. Although the con-duct may be experienced as profoundly violating and involves a serious breach of trust between physician and patient, it is questionable whether it fulfils the legal requirements of a sexual act in the sense required by Swedish sexual offence legislation. The thesis concludes by discussing whether insem-ination fraud would be more appropriately addressed through specific criminal legislation rather than through existing framework of sexual offences.}},
author = {{Flyckt, Josefin}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Fertilitetsläkare utan gränser - en analys av inseminationsbedrägeri utifrån svensk sexualbrottslagstiftning}},
year = {{2025}},
}