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Ordningshållare som brottsoffer - En utredning om tillämpningen av våld mot tjänsteman med kroppskamera som bevis

Hellgren, Joel LU (2025) JURM02 20252
Department of Law
Faculty of Law
Abstract
This thesis examines the offence of violence against a public official, with a particular focus on the role of body-worn camera evidence in the application of the law. The purpose of the thesis is to analyse how violence against a public official should be understood and to examine how body-worn cameras affect the courts’ assessment of events in practice. The study combines a legal analysis with an empirical review of judgments from district courts in order to answer the research questions. The research questions are: How should violence against a public official be understood, how is the legislation applied in practice, and what role do body-worn cameras play in deciding whether a person should be convicted of an offence?

Based on... (More)
This thesis examines the offence of violence against a public official, with a particular focus on the role of body-worn camera evidence in the application of the law. The purpose of the thesis is to analyse how violence against a public official should be understood and to examine how body-worn cameras affect the courts’ assessment of events in practice. The study combines a legal analysis with an empirical review of judgments from district courts in order to answer the research questions. The research questions are: How should violence against a public official be understood, how is the legislation applied in practice, and what role do body-worn cameras play in deciding whether a person should be convicted of an offence?

Based on legal sources, it can be concluded that there is general agreement on how the offence of violence against a public official is applied. For the offence to be established, the act must fall within the legal concept of violence against the person. In addition, the act must be directed at a public official in the exercise of public authority, a wording that was introduced in 2025. In this thesis, particular attention is given to the roles of police officers and security guards. Furthermore, for the offence to be complete, it must be shown that the offender acted intentionally, that the required effect under the concept of violence against the person was achieved, that the violence caused this effect, and that the offender had intent with regard to the victim’s status as a public official.

The thesis examines and discusses the role of body-worn cameras as a form of evidence that can support both the public official and the accused in court. Since the public official decides when the camera is turned on, this may affect how neutral the recording is as evidence. In addition, technical or practical limitations may mean that the entire incident is not captured. Despite these limitations, body-worn cameras appear to be a valuable additional source of evidence for the courts.

The empirical study analyses 22 charges from 20 district court judgments, all delivered during the second half of 2024. Of the 22 charges, 19 resulted in convictions and 3 in acquittals. In the application of the offence of violence against a public official, the effect of pain was given particular importance. Body-worn camera footage was generally used to support the public officials’ statements, but more rarely to question their conduct.

Finally, the thesis concludes that the current consensus on the legal framework does not, in my view, fully achieve the aim of protecting the dual interests that underlie the offence of violence against a public official. (Less)
Abstract (Swedish)
Uppsatsen som har författats behandlar våld mot tjänsteman med särskilt fokus på vilken betydelse kroppskamerabevisning har i tillämpningen av lagrummet. Syftet är att analysera hur våld mot tjänsteman ska förstås och vidare se prov på hur kroppskamera påverkar domstolarnas bedömning av händelseförloppet i praktiken. Arbetet kombinerar ett rättsdogmatiskt arbetssätt med en empirisk undersökning av tingsrättsdomar för att få svar på frågeställningarna. Frågeställningarna i arbetet är som lyder: Hur ska våld mot tjänsteman förstås och hur tillämpas lagstiftningen i praktiken, samt vilken funktion fyller kroppskameror i bedömningen om en person ska fällas för brott?

Det kan genom det rättsvetenskapliga materialet fastställas att det råder... (More)
Uppsatsen som har författats behandlar våld mot tjänsteman med särskilt fokus på vilken betydelse kroppskamerabevisning har i tillämpningen av lagrummet. Syftet är att analysera hur våld mot tjänsteman ska förstås och vidare se prov på hur kroppskamera påverkar domstolarnas bedömning av händelseförloppet i praktiken. Arbetet kombinerar ett rättsdogmatiskt arbetssätt med en empirisk undersökning av tingsrättsdomar för att få svar på frågeställningarna. Frågeställningarna i arbetet är som lyder: Hur ska våld mot tjänsteman förstås och hur tillämpas lagstiftningen i praktiken, samt vilken funktion fyller kroppskameror i bedömningen om en person ska fällas för brott?

Det kan genom det rättsvetenskapliga materialet fastställas att det råder konsensus i hur våld mot tjänsteman ska tillämpas. För att brottet ska anses uppfyllt krävs det att gärningen kan klassificeras inom det kvalificerade våldsbegreppet våld på person. Det krävs vidare att brottet riktar sig mot en tjänsteman vid sin myndighetsutövning, en lydelse som är ny för 2025. För arbetet har särskilt rollerna som polis och ordningsvakt beaktats. Vidare måste brottet för att vara fullbordat visa på att gärningspersonen har utövat ett angrepp med uppsåt, uppnått effekten som efterfrågas i begreppet våld på person, att våldet kan kopplas till denna effekt samt haft uppsåt mot att våldet riktats mot en tjänsteman.

Arbetet utvärderar och problematiserar kroppkamerans roll som ett neutralt bevismedel, som kan tala lika mycket för tjänstemannen som den tilltalade när målet prövas i rätten. Tjänstemannen avgör själv när kameran ska sättas på vilket kan skapa påverkan i hur neutral kameran blir som bevismedel. Kameran kan förutom det ha brister av tekniska eller praktiska anledningar som leder till att hela händelseförloppet inte fångas. Trots det verkar kroppskameran vara ett värdefullt komplement för domstolen som bevismedel.

I den empiriska undersökningen analyseras 22 åtal från 20 tingsrättsdomar, alla inom sista halvåret av 2024. Av de 22 åtalen ledde 19 till fällande domar och 3 till frikännande. I tillämpningen av brottet våld mot tjänsteman kunde effekten smärta erkännas särskild betydelse och kroppskameran har i regel använts för att styrka tjänstemännens utsagor, men mer sällan för att ifrågasätta deras agerande.

Till sist har arbetet kommit fram till att den konsensus som råder över rättsläget inte helt säkert uppnår syftet att skydda det dubbla intresset som våld mot tjänsteman innebär, enligt min mening. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Hellgren, Joel LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Public Order Officials as Victims of Crime – An Examination of the Application of the Offence of Violence against a Public Official with Body-Worn Camera Evidence
course
JURM02 20252
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
straffrätt, Våld mot tjänsteman, Kroppskamera, Kroppsburen kamera.
language
Swedish
id
9217478
date added to LUP
2026-01-21 11:12:55
date last changed
2026-01-21 11:12:55
@misc{9217478,
  abstract     = {{This thesis examines the offence of violence against a public official, with a particular focus on the role of body-worn camera evidence in the application of the law. The purpose of the thesis is to analyse how violence against a public official should be understood and to examine how body-worn cameras affect the courts’ assessment of events in practice. The study combines a legal analysis with an empirical review of judgments from district courts in order to answer the research questions. The research questions are: How should violence against a public official be understood, how is the legislation applied in practice, and what role do body-worn cameras play in deciding whether a person should be convicted of an offence?

Based on legal sources, it can be concluded that there is general agreement on how the offence of violence against a public official is applied. For the offence to be established, the act must fall within the legal concept of violence against the person. In addition, the act must be directed at a public official in the exercise of public authority, a wording that was introduced in 2025. In this thesis, particular attention is given to the roles of police officers and security guards. Furthermore, for the offence to be complete, it must be shown that the offender acted intentionally, that the required effect under the concept of violence against the person was achieved, that the violence caused this effect, and that the offender had intent with regard to the victim’s status as a public official.

The thesis examines and discusses the role of body-worn cameras as a form of evidence that can support both the public official and the accused in court. Since the public official decides when the camera is turned on, this may affect how neutral the recording is as evidence. In addition, technical or practical limitations may mean that the entire incident is not captured. Despite these limitations, body-worn cameras appear to be a valuable additional source of evidence for the courts.

The empirical study analyses 22 charges from 20 district court judgments, all delivered during the second half of 2024. Of the 22 charges, 19 resulted in convictions and 3 in acquittals. In the application of the offence of violence against a public official, the effect of pain was given particular importance. Body-worn camera footage was generally used to support the public officials’ statements, but more rarely to question their conduct.

Finally, the thesis concludes that the current consensus on the legal framework does not, in my view, fully achieve the aim of protecting the dual interests that underlie the offence of violence against a public official.}},
  author       = {{Hellgren, Joel}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Ordningshållare som brottsoffer - En utredning om tillämpningen av våld mot tjänsteman med kroppskamera som bevis}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}