Mellan huvudförhandling och dom: Om möjligheten att komplettera processmaterial efter avslutad huvudförhandling i ett brottmål
(2025) JURM02 20252Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Denna uppsats undersöker hur rätten bör hantera situationer där frågor om komplettering av processmaterial uppkommer efter att huvudförhandlingen i ett brottmål har avslutats men innan dom har meddelats. Sådana situationer kan uppstå genom att rätten uppmärksammar oklarheter eller ofullständigheter i processmaterialet under överläggningen till dom, eller genom att parterna begär att få komplettera processmaterialet hos rätten. Kompletteringsbehovet kan bero antingen på bristande materiell processledning från rättens sida eller på att exempelvis ny bevisning har upptäckts i efterhand.
I uppsatsen identifieras och analyseras fyra typsituationer där en fråga om komplettering kan aktualiseras: 1) oklar eller ofullständig... (More) - Denna uppsats undersöker hur rätten bör hantera situationer där frågor om komplettering av processmaterial uppkommer efter att huvudförhandlingen i ett brottmål har avslutats men innan dom har meddelats. Sådana situationer kan uppstå genom att rätten uppmärksammar oklarheter eller ofullständigheter i processmaterialet under överläggningen till dom, eller genom att parterna begär att få komplettera processmaterialet hos rätten. Kompletteringsbehovet kan bero antingen på bristande materiell processledning från rättens sida eller på att exempelvis ny bevisning har upptäckts i efterhand.
I uppsatsen identifieras och analyseras fyra typsituationer där en fråga om komplettering kan aktualiseras: 1) oklar eller ofullständig gärningsbeskrivning, 2) ny muntlig bevisning, 3) ny skriftlig bevisning samt 4) oklart om material har åberopats under huvudförhandlingen. Undersökningen syftar, genom tillämpning av en rättsdogmatisk metod, till att besvara hur respektive typsituation bör hanteras av rätten. För att uppnå detta syfte är det även nödvändigt att klargöra hur kompletteringsregeln i 46 kap. 17 § rättegångsbalken (1942:740) (RB) generellt bör tolkas. Undersökningen fokuserar därmed på hur bestämmelsen bör tolkas i ljuset av grundläggande processuella principer samt processuella institut som materiell processledning och resning.
Undersökningen visar att den principiella frågan om komplettering efter huvudförhandlingens slut, det vill säga hur 46 kap. 17 § RB bör förstås och tillämpas generellt, kan beskrivas som en intresseavvägning mellan omedelbarhetsprincipen och instansordningens princip. Båda principerna främjar processekonomiska intressen, men på olika sätt. Denna avvägning leder till slutsatsen att rätten, vid tillämpning av 46 kap. 17 § RB, bör göra en hypotetisk bedömning av huruvida ett underlåtande att komplettera processmaterialet sannolikt hade lett till att målet återförvisats i högre rätt.
När det gäller hur typsituationerna bör hanteras ska rätten utgå från den tvåstegsprövning som 46 kap. 17 § RB bygger på. Först måste rätten bedöma om kompletteringen är nödvändig, det vill säga om den kan vara betydelsefull för målets utgång. Vid denna bedömning kan rätten i viss mån hämta vägledning från bestämmelserna om resning i 58 kap. RB. Därefter ska rätten besluta hur eventuell komplettering ska inhämtas. Rätten kan välja att hålla fortsatt eller ny huvudförhandling, eller, om kompletteringen är av enkel beskaffenhet, samråda med parterna. (Less) - Abstract
- This thesis examines how the court should handle situations in which questions of supplementation of the procedural material arise after the main hearing in a criminal case has concluded but before the judgment is delivered. Such situations may arise when the court identifies ambiguities or deficiencies in the procedural material during its deliberations, or when the parties seek to supplement the procedural material. The need for supplementation can generally be attributable to either inadequate direction of proceedings by the court or, for example, to newly discovered evidence.
The thesis identifies and analyses four typical situations in which a question of supplementation may arise: 1) an unclear or incomplete statement of the... (More) - This thesis examines how the court should handle situations in which questions of supplementation of the procedural material arise after the main hearing in a criminal case has concluded but before the judgment is delivered. Such situations may arise when the court identifies ambiguities or deficiencies in the procedural material during its deliberations, or when the parties seek to supplement the procedural material. The need for supplementation can generally be attributable to either inadequate direction of proceedings by the court or, for example, to newly discovered evidence.
The thesis identifies and analyses four typical situations in which a question of supplementation may arise: 1) an unclear or incomplete statement of the criminal act as charged, 2) new oral evidence, 3) new written evidence, and 4) uncertainty as to whether certain material was referred to during the main hearing. By applying a legal dogmatic method, the study aims to determine how each of these situations should be handled by the court. To achieve this purpose, it is necessary to clarify how the supplementation rule in Chapter 46, Section 17 of the Swedish Code of Judicial Procedure (1942:740) (RB) should be interpreted. The study thus focuses on how the provision should be interpreted in light of fundamental procedural principles and procedural doctrines, such as direction of proceedings and extraordinary review (reopening of proceedings).
The study shows that the principled question regarding supplementation after the conclusion of the main hearing – that is, how Chapter 46, Section 17 RB should generally be understood and applied – can be described as a balancing of interests between the principle of immediateness and the principle of court hierarchy. Both principles serve procedural economy, albeit in different ways. This balancing of interests leads to the conclusion that, when applying Chapter 46, Section 17 RB, the court should indirectly undertake a hypothetical assessment of whether a failure to supplement the procedural material would likely have resulted in the case being remitted by a higher court.
Regarding how the typical situations should be addressed, the court should base its approach on the two-step assessment provided for in Chapter 46, Section 17 RB. First, the court must determine whether supplementation is necessary, that is, whether it may be significant for the outcome of the case. In conducting this assessment, the court can, to some extent, take guidance from the provisions on reopening of proceedings in Chapter 58 RB. Second, the court must decide how the necessary supplementation should be carried out. The court may hold a continued or new main hearing, or, if the supplementation is of minor nature, conduct it through consultation with the parties. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/9217492
- author
- Backman, Julia LU
- supervisor
- organization
- alternative title
- Between the Main Hearing and the Judgment: On the Possibility of Supplementing the Procedural Material After the Conclusion of the Main Hearing in a Criminal Case
- course
- JURM02 20252
- year
- 2025
- type
- H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
- subject
- keywords
- straffrätt, straffprocessrätt, rättegångsbalken, komplettering, processmaterial, gärningsbeskrivning, bevisning
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 9217492
- date added to LUP
- 2026-01-26 12:42:40
- date last changed
- 2026-01-26 12:42:40
@misc{9217492,
abstract = {{This thesis examines how the court should handle situations in which questions of supplementation of the procedural material arise after the main hearing in a criminal case has concluded but before the judgment is delivered. Such situations may arise when the court identifies ambiguities or deficiencies in the procedural material during its deliberations, or when the parties seek to supplement the procedural material. The need for supplementation can generally be attributable to either inadequate direction of proceedings by the court or, for example, to newly discovered evidence.
The thesis identifies and analyses four typical situations in which a question of supplementation may arise: 1) an unclear or incomplete statement of the criminal act as charged, 2) new oral evidence, 3) new written evidence, and 4) uncertainty as to whether certain material was referred to during the main hearing. By applying a legal dogmatic method, the study aims to determine how each of these situations should be handled by the court. To achieve this purpose, it is necessary to clarify how the supplementation rule in Chapter 46, Section 17 of the Swedish Code of Judicial Procedure (1942:740) (RB) should be interpreted. The study thus focuses on how the provision should be interpreted in light of fundamental procedural principles and procedural doctrines, such as direction of proceedings and extraordinary review (reopening of proceedings).
The study shows that the principled question regarding supplementation after the conclusion of the main hearing – that is, how Chapter 46, Section 17 RB should generally be understood and applied – can be described as a balancing of interests between the principle of immediateness and the principle of court hierarchy. Both principles serve procedural economy, albeit in different ways. This balancing of interests leads to the conclusion that, when applying Chapter 46, Section 17 RB, the court should indirectly undertake a hypothetical assessment of whether a failure to supplement the procedural material would likely have resulted in the case being remitted by a higher court.
Regarding how the typical situations should be addressed, the court should base its approach on the two-step assessment provided for in Chapter 46, Section 17 RB. First, the court must determine whether supplementation is necessary, that is, whether it may be significant for the outcome of the case. In conducting this assessment, the court can, to some extent, take guidance from the provisions on reopening of proceedings in Chapter 58 RB. Second, the court must decide how the necessary supplementation should be carried out. The court may hold a continued or new main hearing, or, if the supplementation is of minor nature, conduct it through consultation with the parties.}},
author = {{Backman, Julia}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Mellan huvudförhandling och dom: Om möjligheten att komplettera processmaterial efter avslutad huvudförhandling i ett brottmål}},
year = {{2025}},
}