Skip to main content

LUP Student Papers

LUND UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

När våldet läggs ut på entreprenad

Özbek, Ela LU and Alm Vahemann, Victor LU (2026) UNDK02 20252
Department of Political Science
Abstract
Sweden has seen a rise of shootings and bombings, investigations of these crimes has shown that a sizable amount has been organised through Crime as a Service (CaaS), where serious violence is outsourced to relatively unconnected actors via anonymised and encrypted communication. Using a qualitative study design this thesis examines four Swedish court judgements involving CaaS and serious violence by using crime scripts analysis to identify vulnerabilities for detection and intervention in the script.
The findings indicate that the cases repeatedly rely on a limited set of enabling moments: encrypted messaging, transport and logistics, weapons storage and handling, and financial transactions. These amount to vulnerabilities which can be... (More)
Sweden has seen a rise of shootings and bombings, investigations of these crimes has shown that a sizable amount has been organised through Crime as a Service (CaaS), where serious violence is outsourced to relatively unconnected actors via anonymised and encrypted communication. Using a qualitative study design this thesis examines four Swedish court judgements involving CaaS and serious violence by using crime scripts analysis to identify vulnerabilities for detection and intervention in the script.
The findings indicate that the cases repeatedly rely on a limited set of enabling moments: encrypted messaging, transport and logistics, weapons storage and handling, and financial transactions. These amount to vulnerabilities which can be exploited by law enforcement. Yet these are primarily exploitable retrospectively, rather than proactive disruption. These findings contribute to answering how vulnerabilities for detection and intervention manifest in the four case trajectories. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Özbek, Ela LU and Alm Vahemann, Victor LU
supervisor
organization
course
UNDK02 20252
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Crime as a Service, CaaS, crime script analysis, organised crime, violent crime
language
Swedish
id
9218123
date added to LUP
2026-02-20 13:49:52
date last changed
2026-02-20 13:49:52
@misc{9218123,
  abstract     = {{Sweden has seen a rise of shootings and bombings, investigations of these crimes has shown that a sizable amount has been organised through Crime as a Service (CaaS), where serious violence is outsourced to relatively unconnected actors via anonymised and encrypted communication. Using a qualitative study design this thesis examines four Swedish court judgements involving CaaS and serious violence by using crime scripts analysis to identify vulnerabilities for detection and intervention in the script.
The findings indicate that the cases repeatedly rely on a limited set of enabling moments: encrypted messaging, transport and logistics, weapons storage and handling, and financial transactions. These amount to vulnerabilities which can be exploited by law enforcement. Yet these are primarily exploitable retrospectively, rather than proactive disruption. These findings contribute to answering how vulnerabilities for detection and intervention manifest in the four case trajectories.}},
  author       = {{Özbek, Ela and Alm Vahemann, Victor}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{När våldet läggs ut på entreprenad}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}