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Stigande havsnivåer och dess effekt på låglänta länder

Cornander, Åsa (2010) In Lunds universitets Naturgeografiska institution - Seminarieuppsatser
Dept of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science
Abstract (Swedish)
De senaste 100 åren har den globala medeltemperaturen ökat i genomsnitt 0,74
grader, vilket medför stora effekter för såväl människor som djur och natur. En av
de största konsekvenserna till den globala uppvärmningen är att den stigande
havsnivån blir allt mer påtaglig världen över. Glaciärer och inlandsisar har börjat
smälta allt mer, där avsmältningen medför en global ökning i havsnivån. Havsnivån
steg med cirka åtta centimeter perioden mellan 1961 och 2003, vilket kan förklaras
av uppvärmningen av havet, en såkallad termisk expansion, avsmältningen av
glaciärer och avsmältning av inlandsisarna på Grönland och Antarktis. Det är
många människor runt om i världen som påverkas kraftigt av den stigande
havsnivån, framförallt... (More)
De senaste 100 åren har den globala medeltemperaturen ökat i genomsnitt 0,74
grader, vilket medför stora effekter för såväl människor som djur och natur. En av
de största konsekvenserna till den globala uppvärmningen är att den stigande
havsnivån blir allt mer påtaglig världen över. Glaciärer och inlandsisar har börjat
smälta allt mer, där avsmältningen medför en global ökning i havsnivån. Havsnivån
steg med cirka åtta centimeter perioden mellan 1961 och 2003, vilket kan förklaras
av uppvärmningen av havet, en såkallad termisk expansion, avsmältningen av
glaciärer och avsmältning av inlandsisarna på Grönland och Antarktis. Det är
många människor runt om i världen som påverkas kraftigt av den stigande
havsnivån, framförallt tätbefolkade låglänta kustområden och öar där resurserna är
begränsade. Ökningen kommer leda till kusterosion, översvämningar i våtmarker
och kustnära slätter, saltvattenintrång i vattendrag samt förlust i habitat för djur och
växter.
Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka hur klimatvariationer påverkar havsnivån
samt hur denna varierat i historisk tid och hur den förväntas variera i framtiden. För
att komma närmare in på hur de låglänta kustområdena påverkas har fokus varit på
tre länder som är belägna nära kusten. Kiribati och Tuvalu är två önationer som
ligger i Stilla havet med en högsta punkt som sträcker sig bara några meter över
havet. Inom en snar framtid väntas stora delar av öarna läggas under vatten på
grund av den stigande havsnivån. Även Nederländerna valdes att studera för att ge
en bild av hur den stigande havsnivån påverkar länder även i vår närhet.
Slutsatsen av denna studie är att det krävs många insatser för att hjälpa de många
miljoner människor som är utsatta för detta klimathot. Det krävs stora insatser att
skydda de låglänta länder, vilket blir svårare för utvecklingsländerna. Det behövs
mer forskning kring ämnet och fler organisationer och bidrag som kan hindra
människorna att behöva emigrera. (Less)
Abstract
The rising sea level is becoming more evident around the world as less as well as
more developed countries are starting to fully comprehend the consequenses. It is
also generally accepted that the sea level rise is accelerated by human-induced
global warming. Glaciers and ice sheets are melting more and more, which together
with temperature induced thermal expansion of the seas which leads to a global rise
in sea level.
Sea levels rose by about eight centimetres in the period between 1961 and 2003,
which can be explained by the factors of thermal expansion, melting of glaciers and
melting of continental ice in Greenland and Antarctica. There are many people
around the world who are strongly affected by rising sea levels,... (More)
The rising sea level is becoming more evident around the world as less as well as
more developed countries are starting to fully comprehend the consequenses. It is
also generally accepted that the sea level rise is accelerated by human-induced
global warming. Glaciers and ice sheets are melting more and more, which together
with temperature induced thermal expansion of the seas which leads to a global rise
in sea level.
Sea levels rose by about eight centimetres in the period between 1961 and 2003,
which can be explained by the factors of thermal expansion, melting of glaciers and
melting of continental ice in Greenland and Antarctica. There are many people
around the world who are strongly affected by rising sea levels, particularly densely
populated low-lying coastal areas and islands where resources and land areas are
limited and scarce.
This paper aims to examine how climate variations affect sea level rise and how sea
levels have varied historically and how it is expected to vary in the future. To get a
better understanding on how low-lying coastal areas are affected, three countries
which are located near the coast-line have been selected as case studies. Kiribati
and Tuvalu are two island nations located in the Pacific Ocean with the highest
points only a few meters above sea level. In the near future, large areas of these
islands are expected to be located under water due to sea level rise. Also the
Netherlands was chosen as an example in order to provide a picture of how the
rising sea levels also affect countries in our neighbourhood.
The study is conducted based on a literature review of available research in the
subject area. Three different emission scenarios, as developed by the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have been selected; scenarios
A1F1, B1 and B2. When applied in climate models for future predictions, all
scenarios indicate a global increase in sea level whereof A1F1 shows the highest
and B1 the lowest.
All three countries will be severely affected by this increase, which will result in
huge economic costs and in some cases even in the need for mass emigration. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Cornander, Åsa
supervisor
organization
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
klimatförändring, geografi, naturgeografi, stigande havsnivå, låglänta länder
publication/series
Lunds universitets Naturgeografiska institution - Seminarieuppsatser
report number
182
language
Swedish
id
1856828
date added to LUP
2011-03-17 11:01:26
date last changed
2011-12-20 11:48:07
@misc{1856828,
  abstract     = {{The rising sea level is becoming more evident around the world as less as well as
more developed countries are starting to fully comprehend the consequenses. It is
also generally accepted that the sea level rise is accelerated by human-induced
global warming. Glaciers and ice sheets are melting more and more, which together
with temperature induced thermal expansion of the seas which leads to a global rise
in sea level.
Sea levels rose by about eight centimetres in the period between 1961 and 2003,
which can be explained by the factors of thermal expansion, melting of glaciers and
melting of continental ice in Greenland and Antarctica. There are many people
around the world who are strongly affected by rising sea levels, particularly densely
populated low-lying coastal areas and islands where resources and land areas are
limited and scarce.
This paper aims to examine how climate variations affect sea level rise and how sea
levels have varied historically and how it is expected to vary in the future. To get a
better understanding on how low-lying coastal areas are affected, three countries
which are located near the coast-line have been selected as case studies. Kiribati
and Tuvalu are two island nations located in the Pacific Ocean with the highest
points only a few meters above sea level. In the near future, large areas of these
islands are expected to be located under water due to sea level rise. Also the
Netherlands was chosen as an example in order to provide a picture of how the
rising sea levels also affect countries in our neighbourhood.
The study is conducted based on a literature review of available research in the
subject area. Three different emission scenarios, as developed by the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have been selected; scenarios
A1F1, B1 and B2. When applied in climate models for future predictions, all
scenarios indicate a global increase in sea level whereof A1F1 shows the highest
and B1 the lowest.
All three countries will be severely affected by this increase, which will result in
huge economic costs and in some cases even in the need for mass emigration.}},
  author       = {{Cornander, Åsa}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  series       = {{Lunds universitets Naturgeografiska institution - Seminarieuppsatser}},
  title        = {{Stigande havsnivåer och dess effekt på låglänta länder}},
  year         = {{2010}},
}