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Ogiltigförklarande av direktupphandlade avtal - Rättsläget efter en mindre upphandlingsrättslig revolution

Petersson, Ragnar LU (2012) HARH10 20121
Department of Business Law
Abstract (Swedish)
För att kunna genomföra ett EU-direktiv introducerades år 2010 möjligheten för allmän förvaltningsdomstol att, efter ansökan om överprövning, ogiltigförklara ett direktupphandlat avtal. Denna möjlighet har tidigare inte existerat i svensk rätt och har därför i rättsvetenskaplig litteratur beskrivits som ”en mindre upphandlingsrättslig revolution”. Den svenska lagstiftaren har haft möjligheten att besluta huruvida ett ogiltigförklarande skulle omfatta retroaktiva eller endast framtida avtalsförpliktelser och har valt det första alternativet. Vidare har lagstiftaren valt att inte reglera rättsverkningarna av ett ogiltigförklarande av ett direktupphandlat avtal i lagtext. I denna uppsats utreds dels innebörden av den bestämmelse där... (More)
För att kunna genomföra ett EU-direktiv introducerades år 2010 möjligheten för allmän förvaltningsdomstol att, efter ansökan om överprövning, ogiltigförklara ett direktupphandlat avtal. Denna möjlighet har tidigare inte existerat i svensk rätt och har därför i rättsvetenskaplig litteratur beskrivits som ”en mindre upphandlingsrättslig revolution”. Den svenska lagstiftaren har haft möjligheten att besluta huruvida ett ogiltigförklarande skulle omfatta retroaktiva eller endast framtida avtalsförpliktelser och har valt det första alternativet. Vidare har lagstiftaren valt att inte reglera rättsverkningarna av ett ogiltigförklarande av ett direktupphandlat avtal i lagtext. I denna uppsats utreds dels innebörden av den bestämmelse där möjligheten infördes (d.v.s. 16 kap 13§ 1 st. 1 p. LOU) och dels de civilrättsliga rättsverkningarna av att ett direktupphandlat avtal ogiltigförklaras. Utöver detta förs även en de lege ferenda-diskussion angående införandet av möjligheten att upphäva direktupphandlande avtal i svensk rätt.

Av uppsatsens slutsatser framgår det att innebörden av 16 kap 13§ 1 st. 1p. LOU är klar vad gäller att bestämmelsen innebär en möjlighet att ogiltigförklara direktupphandlade avtal och vilka rekvisit som måste vara uppfyllda för att en direktupphandling ska definieras som otillåten. I utredningen dras också slutsatsen att det är oklart vad som krävs för att uppfylla undantaget tvingande hänsyn till allmänintresse. Vidare dras slutsatsen att de avtalsrättsliga verkningarna vid upphävande av ett otillåtet direktupphandlat avtal där prestationer inte har genomförts endast är att parternas förpliktelser upphävs.

Det står vidare klart att huvudregeln vid ett retroaktivt upphävande är att prestationerna ska återgå. Emellertid dras slutsatserna att rättsläget är oklart vad gäller rättsverkningarna då parterna helt eller delvis utfört prestationer som inte kan återgå. Dessutom är rättsläget oklart vad gäller den kontraherande leverantörens rätt till skadestånd på grund av att ett avtal upphävts. I diskussionen kritiseras utformningen av studerad lagstiftning främst på grund av bristande förutsebarhet vad gäller ogiltigförklarandets rättsverkningar och den kontraherande leverantörers möjlighet att tillerkännas skadestånd på grund av upphävandet. (Less)
Abstract
In 2010 a new opportunity was introduced in the Swedish legal system after an implementation of a directive from the European Union. -After an application for review, this amendment of the public procurement law provides the administrative courts with the ability to annul directly assigned procurement contracts. This opportunity has not previously existed in Swedish Law and has therefore been described in the Swedish jurisprudential literature as “a small revolution for the public procurement law”. The Swedish legislature had the opportunity to decide whether the invalidation should include retroactive or only prospective contractual obligations and decided to pursue the first option. The Swedish legislature has also chosen not to regulate... (More)
In 2010 a new opportunity was introduced in the Swedish legal system after an implementation of a directive from the European Union. -After an application for review, this amendment of the public procurement law provides the administrative courts with the ability to annul directly assigned procurement contracts. This opportunity has not previously existed in Swedish Law and has therefore been described in the Swedish jurisprudential literature as “a small revolution for the public procurement law”. The Swedish legislature had the opportunity to decide whether the invalidation should include retroactive or only prospective contractual obligations and decided to pursue the first option. The Swedish legislature has also chosen not to regulate the legal consequences of an annulment in the statutory law.

This essay examines the content of the regulation in which this opportunity was implemented (Chapter 16, § 13 fist part, first point, in the Swedish Law on Public Procurement (LOU)). The essay also examines the civil legal consequences of an annulation of this kind. In addition, the author also discusses the formation of the studied rules studied and how the should be outlined (de lege feranda).

From the essay’s conclusion, it appears that the meaning of Chapter 16, § 13 first part, first point in LOU is clear regarding that the regulation provides an opportunity to cancel direct procurement contracts. It is also clear which of the necessary conditions must be at hand before such contracts shall be defined as irregular. However, the essay concludes that it is uncertain what the requirements are to fulfil the regulation about overriding reasons relating to a general interest, which thus provides an expectation from the general rule.

Furthermore, the essay concludes that the legal consequences are clear in situations when a direct procurement contract is being annulled and the parties have not performed any of their obligations. It is also clear that the general rule is that the performances shall be reverted to each part when a contract is being retroactive repealed and the parties have fully or partially been fulfilled their obligations. However, the essay concludes that the legal situation is unclear with respect to legal consequences after an annulment if the performances cannot be reverted. Moreover, regarding the contracting provider’s right to award damages, the legal situation is unclear due to the annulation of a contract.

In the discussion, the law studied is being criticized because of the lack of predictability. In particular, this refers to the insecurity about the legal consequences of a retroactive annulation when the parties have fully or partially fulfilled their obligations and also the insecurity about the contracting providers possibility to be granted compensation because of an annulation. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Petersson, Ragnar LU
supervisor
organization
course
HARH10 20121
year
type
M2 - Bachelor Degree
subject
keywords
Offentlig upphandling, Ogiltigförklarande av direktupphandlade avtal, Direktupphandling, Civilrättsliga rättsverkningar av ogiltigförklarande, Ändringsdirektivet
language
Swedish
id
2701823
date added to LUP
2012-06-07 08:24:32
date last changed
2012-06-07 08:24:32
@misc{2701823,
  abstract     = {{In 2010 a new opportunity was introduced in the Swedish legal system after an implementation of a directive from the European Union. -After an application for review, this amendment of the public procurement law provides the administrative courts with the ability to annul directly assigned procurement contracts. This opportunity has not previously existed in Swedish Law and has therefore been described in the Swedish jurisprudential literature as “a small revolution for the public procurement law”. The Swedish legislature had the opportunity to decide whether the invalidation should include retroactive or only prospective contractual obligations and decided to pursue the first option. The Swedish legislature has also chosen not to regulate the legal consequences of an annulment in the statutory law.

This essay examines the content of the regulation in which this opportunity was implemented (Chapter 16, § 13 fist part, first point, in the Swedish Law on Public Procurement (LOU)). The essay also examines the civil legal consequences of an annulation of this kind. In addition, the author also discusses the formation of the studied rules studied and how the should be outlined (de lege feranda).

From the essay’s conclusion, it appears that the meaning of Chapter 16, § 13 first part, first point in LOU is clear regarding that the regulation provides an opportunity to cancel direct procurement contracts. It is also clear which of the necessary conditions must be at hand before such contracts shall be defined as irregular. However, the essay concludes that it is uncertain what the requirements are to fulfil the regulation about overriding reasons relating to a general interest, which thus provides an expectation from the general rule.

Furthermore, the essay concludes that the legal consequences are clear in situations when a direct procurement contract is being annulled and the parties have not performed any of their obligations. It is also clear that the general rule is that the performances shall be reverted to each part when a contract is being retroactive repealed and the parties have fully or partially been fulfilled their obligations. However, the essay concludes that the legal situation is unclear with respect to legal consequences after an annulment if the performances cannot be reverted. Moreover, regarding the contracting provider’s right to award damages, the legal situation is unclear due to the annulation of a contract.

In the discussion, the law studied is being criticized because of the lack of predictability. In particular, this refers to the insecurity about the legal consequences of a retroactive annulation when the parties have fully or partially fulfilled their obligations and also the insecurity about the contracting providers possibility to be granted compensation because of an annulation.}},
  author       = {{Petersson, Ragnar}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Ogiltigförklarande av direktupphandlade avtal - Rättsläget efter en mindre upphandlingsrättslig revolution}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}