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Tvångsvård enligt 3 § LVU - särskilt om socialt nedbrytande beteende

Lindahl, Anna LU (2012) JURM02 20121
Department of Law
Abstract (Swedish)
Utgångspunkten i svensk socialvård är att insatser ska ske på frivillig väg. I vissa fall måste dock samhället ha möjlighet att använda tvång mot den enskilde. Ett sådant tillfälle är när barn och unga far illa, antingen på grund av missförhållanden i hemmet, eller på grund av eget beteende, och samtycke till vård saknas. Samhället kan då ingripa med stöd av lag (1990:52) med särskilda bestämmelser om vård av unga.

Uppsatsen syftar till att beskriva förutsättningarna för tvångsvård enligt LVU. Fokus har varit förutsättningarna för tvångsvård i de fall det är den unges eget beteende som ligger till grund för ett tvångsomhändertagande, vilket regleras i 3 § LVU. Framställningen har främst tagit sikte på uttrycket något annat socialt... (More)
Utgångspunkten i svensk socialvård är att insatser ska ske på frivillig väg. I vissa fall måste dock samhället ha möjlighet att använda tvång mot den enskilde. Ett sådant tillfälle är när barn och unga far illa, antingen på grund av missförhållanden i hemmet, eller på grund av eget beteende, och samtycke till vård saknas. Samhället kan då ingripa med stöd av lag (1990:52) med särskilda bestämmelser om vård av unga.

Uppsatsen syftar till att beskriva förutsättningarna för tvångsvård enligt LVU. Fokus har varit förutsättningarna för tvångsvård i de fall det är den unges eget beteende som ligger till grund för ett tvångsomhändertagande, vilket regleras i 3 § LVU. Framställningen har främst tagit sikte på uttrycket något annat socialt nedbrytande beteende, vilken innebörd lagstiftaren menar att uttrycket ska ha och hur det har tolkats i praxis. Enligt förarbetena är ett socialt nedbrytande beteende ett beteende som avviker från samhällets grundläggande normer. Som exempel anges att den unge vistas i olämpliga miljöer. Vidare krävs, för att tvångsvård ska aktualiseras, att det finns en påtaglig risk för att den unge hälsa eller utveckling skadas av beteendet. Det är barnets bästa som ska vara avgörande vid beslut enligt LVU.

I praxis har slagits fast att ett beteende som är en yttring av ett neuropsykiatriskt funktionshinder inte ska betraktas som ett sådant socialt nedbrytande beteende som avses i 3 § LVU. Avgörandet har väckt reaktioner, bland annat har påpekats att det är svårt att avgöra när ett beteende är en yttring av ett neuropsykiatriskt funktionshinder och när beteendet inte alls beror på detta. Samtidigt visade en undersökning som gjordes senare det år då domen avkunnades att socialnämnderna fortsatt att placera ungdomar med neuropsykiatriska funktionshinder enligt LVU, och att många socialnämndsordföranden inte ens kände till den nya rättspraxisen. Detta visar på behovet av att lagstiftningen ses över så att möjlighet finns att hjälpa dessa ungdomar på bästa sätt för att förhindra problem i framtiden. En studie från Karolinska Institutet, som innefattat intagna på Norrtäljeanstalten, visade att många av de intagna hade obehandlad ADHD och missbruksproblem. Att samhället har möjlighet att vårda unga med neuropsykiatriska funktionshinder tidigt är således mycket viktigt.

En översiktlig beskrivning av den norska regleringen på området har också gjorts för att exemplifiera hur ett land, som i många avseenden är väldigt likt Sverige, valt att utforma sin lagstiftning. Av beskrivningen framgår att den norska och svenska regleringen är snarlika. Den norska lagens motsvarighet till 3 § LVU återfinns i § 4-24 barnevernloven. I § 4-24 barnevernloven anges tre tillfällen då samhället kan ingripa på grund av den unges eget beteende. Det är vid alvorlig eller gjentatt kriminalitet, vedvarende misbruk av rusmidler samt på annen måte. På annen måte avser att fånga upp den typen av situationer som i den svenska lagen benämns som något annat socialt nedbrytande beteende. Avgörande i såväl den svenska som norska lagen är vad som är bäst för barnet. (Less)
Abstract
The basic idea for social welfare in Sweden is that the needed interventions are to be initiated on a voluntary basis. However in some particular situations a forced intervention against the individual must be an available way of action for society. One such particular situation is when children and juveniles are put in harms way, either from an abusive domestic situation or from their own behavior, and consent for treatment is missing. According to the Care of Young Persons Act (LVU), society then has the power to intervene.

This essay aim to describe the prerequisites for compulsory care according to LVU. The main focus has been the prerequisites for compulsory care in those cases where the juveniles own behavior was the cause for... (More)
The basic idea for social welfare in Sweden is that the needed interventions are to be initiated on a voluntary basis. However in some particular situations a forced intervention against the individual must be an available way of action for society. One such particular situation is when children and juveniles are put in harms way, either from an abusive domestic situation or from their own behavior, and consent for treatment is missing. According to the Care of Young Persons Act (LVU), society then has the power to intervene.

This essay aim to describe the prerequisites for compulsory care according to LVU. The main focus has been the prerequisites for compulsory care in those cases where the juveniles own behavior was the cause for compulsory care of said individuals, which is regulated by 3 § LVU. The presentation has foremost taken aim at the expression other socially disruptive behavior, what meaning the legislator intends the expression to carry and how it is interpreted in an actual situation. According to the preparatory works a socially disruptive behavior is a behavior that deviates from the set general norms in society. An example is when the juvenile stay in bad environments. It further demands, for compulsory care to be actualized, that there is a substantial risk for the juvenile’s health or personal development due to this behavior. The juvenile's own good is paramount when decisions are taken according to LVU.

It has been determined in practice that a manifestation of a neuropsychiatric functional disorder shall not be regarded as such a socially disruptive behavior as is intended in 3 § LVU. This ruling has drawn reactions, among other things it has been pointed out that it is hard to identify when a behavior is caused by a neuropsychiatric functional disorder or when this behavior is not caused by that at all. At the same time a study, that was made later in the same year of this ruling, showed that the welfare committee had continuously placed juveniles with neuropsychiatric functional disorders in accordance to LVU, and that many welfare committee chairmen was not aware of the new legal usage of LVU. This acknowledges the need to further review the legislation and in such to eliminate any future problems and make sure that the best tools are available to help the juveniles. A study from Karolinska Institutet, that comprise of inmates at Norrtälje correctional facility, showed that a lot of the inmates had untreated ADHD and addiction problems. Leading to that, the society being able to treat young people with neuropsychiatric functional disorders, is of outmost importance.

A synoptic description of the Norwegian regulation in the field has also been made to further exemplify how a country, which in many aspects is very similar to Sweden, has chosen to shape its legislation. The description points to the Swedish and Norwegian regulations being very similar. The Norwegian counterpart to 3 § LVU is found in § 4-24 barnevernloven. In § 4-24 barnevernloven there are three situations given where society is warranted to intervene due to the juvenile's own behavior. They are as follows: serious or repeated criminality, continuous drug addiction and in other ways. In other ways intend to round up the types of situations that the Swedish counterpart other socially disruptive behavior does. The juvenile's own good is again paramount for any rulings in both Swedish and Norwegian law. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Lindahl, Anna LU
supervisor
organization
alternative title
Compulsory care according to 3 § Care of Young Persons Act with main focus on socially disruptive behavior
course
JURM02 20121
year
type
H3 - Professional qualifications (4 Years - )
subject
keywords
Förvaltningsrätt, socialrätt, lvu, socialt nedbrytande beteende
language
Swedish
id
2701959
date added to LUP
2012-10-15 11:34:24
date last changed
2012-10-15 11:34:24
@misc{2701959,
  abstract     = {{The basic idea for social welfare in Sweden is that the needed interventions are to be initiated on a voluntary basis. However in some particular situations a forced intervention against the individual must be an available way of action for society. One such particular situation is when children and juveniles are put in harms way, either from an abusive domestic situation or from their own behavior, and consent for treatment is missing. According to the Care of Young Persons Act (LVU), society then has the power to intervene.

This essay aim to describe the prerequisites for compulsory care according to LVU. The main focus has been the prerequisites for compulsory care in those cases where the juveniles own behavior was the cause for compulsory care of said individuals, which is regulated by 3 § LVU. The presentation has foremost taken aim at the expression other socially disruptive behavior, what meaning the legislator intends the expression to carry and how it is interpreted in an actual situation. According to the preparatory works a socially disruptive behavior is a behavior that deviates from the set general norms in society. An example is when the juvenile stay in bad environments. It further demands, for compulsory care to be actualized, that there is a substantial risk for the juvenile’s health or personal development due to this behavior. The juvenile's own good is paramount when decisions are taken according to LVU.

It has been determined in practice that a manifestation of a neuropsychiatric functional disorder shall not be regarded as such a socially disruptive behavior as is intended in 3 § LVU. This ruling has drawn reactions, among other things it has been pointed out that it is hard to identify when a behavior is caused by a neuropsychiatric functional disorder or when this behavior is not caused by that at all. At the same time a study, that was made later in the same year of this ruling, showed that the welfare committee had continuously placed juveniles with neuropsychiatric functional disorders in accordance to LVU, and that many welfare committee chairmen was not aware of the new legal usage of LVU. This acknowledges the need to further review the legislation and in such to eliminate any future problems and make sure that the best tools are available to help the juveniles. A study from Karolinska Institutet, that comprise of inmates at Norrtälje correctional facility, showed that a lot of the inmates had untreated ADHD and addiction problems. Leading to that, the society being able to treat young people with neuropsychiatric functional disorders, is of outmost importance.

A synoptic description of the Norwegian regulation in the field has also been made to further exemplify how a country, which in many aspects is very similar to Sweden, has chosen to shape its legislation. The description points to the Swedish and Norwegian regulations being very similar. The Norwegian counterpart to 3 § LVU is found in § 4-24 barnevernloven. In § 4-24 barnevernloven there are three situations given where society is warranted to intervene due to the juvenile's own behavior. They are as follows: serious or repeated criminality, continuous drug addiction and in other ways. In other ways intend to round up the types of situations that the Swedish counterpart other socially disruptive behavior does. The juvenile's own good is again paramount for any rulings in both Swedish and Norwegian law.}},
  author       = {{Lindahl, Anna}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Tvångsvård enligt 3 § LVU - särskilt om socialt nedbrytande beteende}},
  year         = {{2012}},
}