Att be staten om nåd - om ersättning ex gratia och dess för- och nackdelar
(2014) LAGF03 20141Department of Law
Faculty of Law
- Abstract (Swedish)
- Ex gratia betyder ”av nåd” och är en ersättning som regeringen kan bevilja utan att det finns lagstöd för rätt till ersättning. Det finns flera anledningar till en sådan ersättningsform. Det kan ex. vara så att samhället har ändrat värderingar och att en tidigare lagstiftning har drabbat vissa individer på ett sådant sätt att samhället i efterhand vill ta ansvar och genom en ekonomisk ersättning försöka att kompensera dessa individer. Det kan också vara så att ett ersättningsanspråk är preskriberat men att detta, kanske i kombination med ovan, ändå inte gör att man vill neka en individ eller grupper av individer ersättning. Ibland kan det vara så att staten har agerat orättfärdigt, utan att för den sakens skull ha brutit mot lagen, och att... (More)
- Ex gratia betyder ”av nåd” och är en ersättning som regeringen kan bevilja utan att det finns lagstöd för rätt till ersättning. Det finns flera anledningar till en sådan ersättningsform. Det kan ex. vara så att samhället har ändrat värderingar och att en tidigare lagstiftning har drabbat vissa individer på ett sådant sätt att samhället i efterhand vill ta ansvar och genom en ekonomisk ersättning försöka att kompensera dessa individer. Det kan också vara så att ett ersättningsanspråk är preskriberat men att detta, kanske i kombination med ovan, ändå inte gör att man vill neka en individ eller grupper av individer ersättning. Ibland kan det vara så att staten har agerat orättfärdigt, utan att för den sakens skull ha brutit mot lagen, och att detta har drabbat vissa individer oskäligt mycket.
Vissa problem kan uppstå med en ersättningsform som inte är lagstadgad. Det finns en risk att den utdelas på ett orättvist sätt. Eftersom den inte har lagstöd är inte grundläggande rättsliga principer tillämpliga på institutet. Grundläggande rättsliga principer, ex. likhetsprincipen, objektivitetsprincipen och motiveringskravet, är dock uttryck för samhällets moraliska värderingar om alla människors lika värde och vikten av att alla människor behandlas likvärdigt. Därför torde även institutet ex gratia omfattas av en allmän likhetsprincip.
Uppsatsen klargör att en ersättningsform utöver skadeståndslagen är motiverad i svensk rätt, dock är den nuvarande formen för ersättning inte tillfredställande. Institutet ex gratia tillgodoser inte alla människors lika rätt. (Less) - Abstract
- Ex gratia means ”of mercy” and can be granted by the government when they find it motivated to compensate individuals economically even though the individual has no rightful legal claim. Such compensation is motivated by various reasons. For instance it can be that society has gone through a change of values and that previous legislation as a result has affected some individuals in such a way that the government wants to take responsibility for damages caused, by granting economic compensation. Another cause could be that a claim is barred but that, perhaps in combination with what is mentioned above, does not justify that a compensation fee defaults. Furthermore it could be that the administrative authorities have acted unjust, not said... (More)
- Ex gratia means ”of mercy” and can be granted by the government when they find it motivated to compensate individuals economically even though the individual has no rightful legal claim. Such compensation is motivated by various reasons. For instance it can be that society has gone through a change of values and that previous legislation as a result has affected some individuals in such a way that the government wants to take responsibility for damages caused, by granting economic compensation. Another cause could be that a claim is barred but that, perhaps in combination with what is mentioned above, does not justify that a compensation fee defaults. Furthermore it could be that the administrative authorities have acted unjust, not said that the acting is against the law, but that the act has affected some individuals brutishly. In retrospect, the government wishes to compensate individuals who have suffered an unjust damage.
Problems regarding compensation not prescribed by law can easily arise. A risk is that it is given unfairly, and since no legislative support exists fundamental legal principles do not apply. The principle that everyone is equal before the law, the principle that administrative authorities shall act objectively and that administrative authorities shall motivate decisions are however all expressions of moral values of human equality and the importance of equal treatment. Therefore I find it important that the institute of ex gratia shall also comprise a common maxim of equality.
This thesis states that some form of compensation, beyond the law of compensation for damages, is motivated however not in its present form. The institute ex gratia is in my opinion not favourable since it does not guarantee equal rights for all. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
http://lup.lub.lu.se/student-papers/record/4449026
- author
- Torstensson, My LU
- supervisor
- organization
- course
- LAGF03 20141
- year
- 2014
- type
- M2 - Bachelor Degree
- subject
- keywords
- civilrätt, ersättningsrätt, ex gratia.
- language
- Swedish
- id
- 4449026
- date added to LUP
- 2014-06-18 13:55:19
- date last changed
- 2016-09-05 15:45:11
@misc{4449026,
abstract = {{Ex gratia means ”of mercy” and can be granted by the government when they find it motivated to compensate individuals economically even though the individual has no rightful legal claim. Such compensation is motivated by various reasons. For instance it can be that society has gone through a change of values and that previous legislation as a result has affected some individuals in such a way that the government wants to take responsibility for damages caused, by granting economic compensation. Another cause could be that a claim is barred but that, perhaps in combination with what is mentioned above, does not justify that a compensation fee defaults. Furthermore it could be that the administrative authorities have acted unjust, not said that the acting is against the law, but that the act has affected some individuals brutishly. In retrospect, the government wishes to compensate individuals who have suffered an unjust damage.
Problems regarding compensation not prescribed by law can easily arise. A risk is that it is given unfairly, and since no legislative support exists fundamental legal principles do not apply. The principle that everyone is equal before the law, the principle that administrative authorities shall act objectively and that administrative authorities shall motivate decisions are however all expressions of moral values of human equality and the importance of equal treatment. Therefore I find it important that the institute of ex gratia shall also comprise a common maxim of equality.
This thesis states that some form of compensation, beyond the law of compensation for damages, is motivated however not in its present form. The institute ex gratia is in my opinion not favourable since it does not guarantee equal rights for all.}},
author = {{Torstensson, My}},
language = {{swe}},
note = {{Student Paper}},
title = {{Att be staten om nåd - om ersättning ex gratia och dess för- och nackdelar}},
year = {{2014}},
}