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Omdimensionering av Lunds fjärrvärmenät

Wettlén, Filip LU and Åkelius, Johan LU (2015) MVK920 20151
Department of Energy Sciences
Abstract
Lund is a rapidly growing city, and in a short time two new research facilities,
ESS and MAX IV, will be completed. These facilities will deliver their excess
heat to the district heating network of Lund which puts a high demand on the
network. Kraftringen Energi AB, which owns and operates the network, are also
in the process of replacing old pipes which motivates a through investigation of
which pipe dimensions are optimal for the district heating network of Lund.
This master thesis therefore aim to redimension the district heating network of
Lund with consideration taken to today’s conditions. The pipes was in the model
only allowed to take the same routes as today. The results were reached with
the help of simulations in the... (More)
Lund is a rapidly growing city, and in a short time two new research facilities,
ESS and MAX IV, will be completed. These facilities will deliver their excess
heat to the district heating network of Lund which puts a high demand on the
network. Kraftringen Energi AB, which owns and operates the network, are also
in the process of replacing old pipes which motivates a through investigation of
which pipe dimensions are optimal for the district heating network of Lund.
This master thesis therefore aim to redimension the district heating network of
Lund with consideration taken to today’s conditions. The pipes was in the model
only allowed to take the same routes as today. The results were reached with
the help of simulations in the computer software NetSim. NetSim is a network
computing program which is used to calculate the flows of a district heating
network, but can also be used to calculate suitable dimensions of the pipes in a
network.
In this report four different prospects were investigated, where each prospect
describes different setup of heat production or a different expected heat consumption.

For each prospect four different networks were created, with the help
of NetSim. These four networks’ main difference was the overall size of the pipes.
Each network was investigated to ensure that the technical requirements
for district heating networks were met. The networks were then compared on
the following criteria: building cost, operating costs, volume and how the flows
were distributed in the networks.

To compare the created networks with today’s district heating network of Lund,
another model was created, the so called reference model. This model has the
same dimensions and paths as the real district heating network. The pipes in the
model however had lower heat losses from its pipes then the real network. This
is to make it comparable to the created networks which utilizes only modern
pipes with low heat losses.

The results showed that the networks with overall smaller pipes had the lowest
operation costs and the lowest building costs. The reference model has redundant
pipe loops, which aim to increase the continuity of supply. The created networks
lack redundant pipe loops, but have lower costs than the reference network.
The networks in one of the prospects had the same conditions as the reference
network. The most profitable of these networks had an operating cost which
was around 20 % lower than the reference network’s. The same network had a
building cost which was around 15 % lower then the reference networks.
How the network should be designed depends on if one want redundant pipe
loops or not. A general conclusion however is that the pipes in the current
network of Lund should not be replaced by pipes with larger dimensions. (Less)
Popular Abstract (Swedish)
Fjärrvärmenät för ett energieffektivare Lund
Lund är en stad i förändring. En helt ny design på fjärrvärmenätet skulle kunna vara en lösning på många problem.
I dagens samhälle ses ett uppvärmt hem som en självklarhet. Men värmen uppkommer inte av sig själv. För att värma sitt hem använder många idag fjärrvärme då detta är både en smidig, miljövänlig och ofta billig lösning. I Lund har fjärrvärme funnits ända sedan 60-talet, då man i några områden byggde värmeverk som kunde försörja deras respektive närområde med värme. Dessa fjärrvärmenät har sedan med tiden växt ihop till ett gemensamt nät för hela Lund.

Dagens Lund skiljer sig dock enormt från 60-talets Lund. Staden har växt i ett rasande tempo. Även idag växer staden så att det... (More)
Fjärrvärmenät för ett energieffektivare Lund
Lund är en stad i förändring. En helt ny design på fjärrvärmenätet skulle kunna vara en lösning på många problem.
I dagens samhälle ses ett uppvärmt hem som en självklarhet. Men värmen uppkommer inte av sig själv. För att värma sitt hem använder många idag fjärrvärme då detta är både en smidig, miljövänlig och ofta billig lösning. I Lund har fjärrvärme funnits ända sedan 60-talet, då man i några områden byggde värmeverk som kunde försörja deras respektive närområde med värme. Dessa fjärrvärmenät har sedan med tiden växt ihop till ett gemensamt nät för hela Lund.

Dagens Lund skiljer sig dock enormt från 60-talets Lund. Staden har växt i ett rasande tempo. Även idag växer staden så att det knakar i fogarna. Två nya forskningsanläggningar, ESS och MAX IV, är under uppbyggnad och planer på en helt ny stadsdel, Brunnshög, finns. ESS och MAX IV kommer i samband med sina experiment att producera enorma mängder värme. Denna värme har man i Lund åttagit sig att utnyttja, vilket innebär gratis energi eftersom värmen annars hade gått till spillo.

För att kunna utnyttja fjärrvärmen på bästa tänkbara vis, så skulle man vilja ha ett fjärrvärmenät som tagits fram med åtanke till: forskningsanläggningarna, dagens kunder och dagens kunskaper om fjärrvärme. Fyra förslag på sådana nät har vi, Filip Wettlén och Johan Åkelius, tagit fram i samarbete med det kommunalägda energibolaget Kraftringen. Näten har tagits fram med hjälp av datorsimuleringar där syftet har varit att få fram ett nät som kan tillfredsställa kundernas behov med ett så litet energiutnyttjande som möjligt. Energiutnyttjandet minimerades genom att man i simuleringarna ändrade diametrarna på dagens fjärrvärmerör.

Arbetet ligger helt rätt i tiden eftersom Kraftringen just nu håller på att byta ut många äldre rör som funnits med nätet ända sedan 60-talet. De framtagna förslagen kan sedan komma Kraftringen till stor nytta då förslagen tillsammans bildar en långsiktig plan för ett bättre fjärrvärmenät. Detta är inte bara till nytta för Kraftringen och deras kunder som har pengar att tjäna på detta, utan även för hela samhället då det leder till ett bättre resursutnyttjande.

De framtagna förslagen har lägre kostnader både för drift och byggnation än dagens nät. De framtagna förslagen saknar dock vissa driftssäkerhetsaspekter, vilket gör att vidare arbete med de dem skulle vara nödvändigt innan någon slutgiltig slutsats om lönsamheten kan dras. (Less)
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:
author
Wettlén, Filip LU and Åkelius, Johan LU
supervisor
organization
course
MVK920 20151
year
type
H2 - Master's Degree (Two Years)
subject
keywords
energi, fjärrvärme, fjärrvärmenät, nätsimulering, produktionsoptimering
report number
ISRN LUTMDN/TMHP-15/5336-SE
ISSN
0282-1990
language
Swedish
id
8034451
date added to LUP
2015-10-08 14:25:16
date last changed
2015-10-08 14:25:16
@misc{8034451,
  abstract     = {{Lund is a rapidly growing city, and in a short time two new research facilities,
ESS and MAX IV, will be completed. These facilities will deliver their excess
heat to the district heating network of Lund which puts a high demand on the
network. Kraftringen Energi AB, which owns and operates the network, are also
in the process of replacing old pipes which motivates a through investigation of
which pipe dimensions are optimal for the district heating network of Lund.
This master thesis therefore aim to redimension the district heating network of
Lund with consideration taken to today’s conditions. The pipes was in the model
only allowed to take the same routes as today. The results were reached with
the help of simulations in the computer software NetSim. NetSim is a network
computing program which is used to calculate the flows of a district heating
network, but can also be used to calculate suitable dimensions of the pipes in a
network.
In this report four different prospects were investigated, where each prospect
describes different setup of heat production or a different expected heat consumption.

For each prospect four different networks were created, with the help
of NetSim. These four networks’ main difference was the overall size of the pipes.
Each network was investigated to ensure that the technical requirements
for district heating networks were met. The networks were then compared on
the following criteria: building cost, operating costs, volume and how the flows
were distributed in the networks.

To compare the created networks with today’s district heating network of Lund,
another model was created, the so called reference model. This model has the
same dimensions and paths as the real district heating network. The pipes in the
model however had lower heat losses from its pipes then the real network. This
is to make it comparable to the created networks which utilizes only modern
pipes with low heat losses.

The results showed that the networks with overall smaller pipes had the lowest
operation costs and the lowest building costs. The reference model has redundant
pipe loops, which aim to increase the continuity of supply. The created networks
lack redundant pipe loops, but have lower costs than the reference network.
The networks in one of the prospects had the same conditions as the reference
network. The most profitable of these networks had an operating cost which
was around 20 % lower than the reference network’s. The same network had a
building cost which was around 15 % lower then the reference networks.
How the network should be designed depends on if one want redundant pipe
loops or not. A general conclusion however is that the pipes in the current
network of Lund should not be replaced by pipes with larger dimensions.}},
  author       = {{Wettlén, Filip and Åkelius, Johan}},
  issn         = {{0282-1990}},
  language     = {{swe}},
  note         = {{Student Paper}},
  title        = {{Omdimensionering av Lunds fjärrvärmenät}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}